Ingabe ungumuntu onesifo sikashukela? Khona-ke kumelwe uhlale ukhathazekile ngamazinga kashukela egazini lakho, akunjalo? Kodwa ingabe uke wezwa ngesimo esibi kakhulu esingaba yingozi empilweni esihambisana nesifo sikashukela? Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla. Lokhu ngokwezokwelapha kubizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetic Ketoacidosis , noma (DKA) ngamafuphi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ukuphepha kwakho kube nolwazi oluhle ngalokhu.
Kalula nje, iyini i-DKA?
Kulungile, ake sikubeke kanje. I-insulin iyi-hormone esiza amangqamuzana omzimba wethu ukusebenzisa i-glucose, noma ushukela, ukuze athole amandla. Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela engenayo i-insulin eyanele, noma lapho i-insulin anayo ingasebenzi kahle, amangqamuzana awakwazi ukusebenzisa ushukela osegazini.
Ngemuva kwalokho umzimba wethu ucabanga ukuthi, "O, ngiphelelwa amandla." Ngakho umzimba usebenzisa enye indlela yokwenza amandla. Lokho kungukushisa amafutha emzimbeni. Uma amafutha eshiswa ngale ndlela, ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi ama-ketone ikhishwa egazini njengomkhiqizo ophumayo. Kuvamile ukuba nama-ketone athile. Kodwa uma le nqubo ingalawulwa ngoba kungekho insulin, ama-ketone amaningi ayanqwabelana egazini. Lawa ma-ketone awuhlobo lwe-asidi. Ngakho-ke, uma enqwabelana egazini, igazi lethu liba ne-asidi.
Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-DKA, noma i-Ketoacidosis , lapho igazi liba ne-asidi. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Uma singelashwa ngesikhathi, singaholela ngisho nasekufeni.
Uma izinga likashukela egazini lakho livame ukuba ngaphezu kuka -240 mg/dL , kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlola amazinga akho e-ketone njalo emahoreni angu-4-6. Izinga likashukela egazini elingaphezu kuka- 250 mg/dL libhekwa njengokuqala kwe-DKA. Uma izinga likashukela egazini lakho lingaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha .
Kufanele uye nini esibhedlela esiphuthumayo (ETU)?
Uma izinga likashukela egazini lakho lingu- 300 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu futhi lingehli, noma uma uqhubeka nokuhlanza, uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, noma unezimpawu ze-DKA njengobunzima bokuphefumula, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze nawe ngokushesha.
Ingabe i-Ketoacidosis ne-Ketosis zizinto ezimbili ezihlukene?
Yebo, yize la magama amabili ezwakala efana, ayizinqubo ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele.
- I-Ketosis: Lokhu kwenzeka uma udla ukudla okunama-carbohydrate aphansi (njengesinkwa, ilayisi, i-pasta) (isb., ukudla kwe-keto). Bese umzimba ushisa amafutha ukuze uthole amandla. Nalapha futhi, kukhiqizwa ama-ketone, kodwa kwenzeka ngendlela elawulwayo. Ngoba kukhona i-insulin eyanele emzimbeni. I-Ketosis ayiyona isimo esiyingozi.
- I-Ketoacidosis (DKA):Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Ama-ketone aqoqana ngokungalawuleki, okwenza igazi libe ne-asidi. Lokhu kusongela impilo.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-DKA?
Izimpawu ze-DKA zingavela ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi, umuntu uqala ukutholakala enesifo sikashukela ngemva kokuba esene-DKA. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu.
| Izimpawu ze-DKA - hlala uqaphile! | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu Zokuqala | |
| Ukuchama kaningi kunokujwayelekile | amazinga e-ketone akhuphukile emchameni noma egazini |
| Ukuzizwa womile kakhulu | Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni |
| Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini (ngaphezu kuka-250 mg/dL) | Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu |
| Izimpawu Zakamuva/Ezingathi sína | |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ukudikiza kwemisipha, ukuzizwa ukhathele |
| Umlomo owomile nesikhumba | Ukukhathala okukhulu |
| Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi | Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphefumula okusheshayo |
| Iphunga elimnandi (elifana nezithelo) emoyeni | Isisu esibuhlungu |
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, iya ku-ETU ngokushesha! Uma amazinga akho e-ketone emaphakathi noma ephezulu futhi unezimpawu ezingenhla, uma ushukela wakho wegazi ungaphezu kuka-300 futhi ungehli, uma ubulokhu uhlanza isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amabili, uma umoya wakho unuka njengezithelo, uma ukhathele kakhulu noma uzizwa ukhathele, noma uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, ungalibali . | |
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-DKA?
Nakuba imbangela eyinhloko ye-DKA ukuntuleka kwe-insulin, kunezici eziningana ezingaba nomthelela kulesi simo.
- Ukungayithathi kahle i-insulin: Le ngozi iyanda uma ungathathi umthamo we-insulin owunikezwe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi noma uma weqa umthamo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukusebenzisa i-insulin ephelelwe yisikhathi nakho kungaba yimbangela.
- Izifo: Uma unomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTI), noma i-pneumonia, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza ama-hormone okucindezeleka (njenge-cortisol ne-adrenaline). Lawa ma-hormone aphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-insulin. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne-DKA ezinsukwini lapho ugula khona.
- Eminye imiphumela emzimbeni: Ingozi ye-DKA iyanda ngenxa yokucindezeleka okukhulu emzimbeni, njengokuhlinzwa, ukuba sengozini, noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
- Isifo sikashukela esingatholakali: Abantu abangazi ukuthi banesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi labo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, bangaba ne-DKA.
- Ezinye izimbangela: Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezithile, ukukhulelwa, kanye neminye imithi (isib. ama-corticosteroids) nakho kungabangela i-DKA. Uma unesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi omusha.
Ungayivimbela kanjani i-DKA ukuthi ingakhuli?
Ngenhlanhla, i-DKA iyisimo esingavinjelwa, futhi isihluthulelo ukuphatha kahle isifo sakho sikashukela.
Khumbula, nguwe ophethe ukuphatha isifo sakho sikashukela. Kubalulekile ukunakekela umzimba wakho ngenkathi ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza ngakho:
- Hlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho njalo: Hlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho. Zama ukuwagcina ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso esinconywayo.
- Thatha umuthi ngqo:Thatha i-insulin noma eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi esifanele, ngesilinganiso esifanele. Ungalokothi weqe imithamo.
- Yidla kahle: Landela uhlelo lokudla olunikezwe lona ngqo.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Phuza uketshezi oluningi olungenashukela namanzi.
- Yenza uhlelo lwezinsuku zokugula: Khuluma nodokotela wakho kusenesikhathi mayelana nendlela yokuhlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kanye ne-ketone uma unomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, nokuthi ngabe udinga ukushintsha umthamo wakho we-insulin.
- Hlola ama-ketone: Hlola ama-ketone noma nini lapho ushukela wakho wegazi uphakeme kuno-240 mg/dL. Ungakwenza lokhu usebenzisa imichilo yomchamo noma ama-glucometer athile.
- Lungela isimo esiphuthumayo: Hlela kusengaphambili ukuthi wenzeni nokuthi uyaphi uma kuvela izimpawu ze-DKA.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-DKA esibhedlela?
Uma uya ku-ETU unezimpawu ze-DKA, odokotela bazothatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokulawula isimo sakho. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukunikezwa esibhedlela.
1. Uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni: Usawoti unikezwa ngemithambo ukuze kulawulwe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi kulungiswe ibhalansi yamakhemikhali egazini.
2. I-insulini: I-insulini inikezwa ngemithambo yegazi ukuze kumiswe ukwakheka kwama-ketones futhi kulawulwe amazinga kashukela egazini.
3. Ukufakwa Kwe-Electrolyte: I-DKA ibangela ukuthi umzimba ulahlekelwe amaminerali abalulekile (ama-electrolyte) njenge-sodium ne-potassium. Njengoba lokhu kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo, imisipha, kanye nemizwa, kushintshwa ngosawoti.
4. Ukwelashwa kwezifo: Uma imbangela ye-DKA iwukutheleleka, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic.
Lesi simo ngokuvamile singalawulwa zingakapheli amahora angama-24, kodwa uma isimo sibucayi, singathatha isikhathi eside.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) iyinkinga eyingozi kakhulu futhi esongela impilo yesifo sikashukela.
- Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni, ukushisa amafutha ukuze kutholakale amandla, kanye nokuqongelela ngokweqile kwama-ketone (ama-asidi) egazini.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukoma ngokweqile, ukuchama njalo, iphunga elimnandi lomoya, ukudideka, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ephezulu, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Ungavimbela i-DKA ngokulawula kahle isifo sikashukela sakho, ukuphuza imithi yakho ngendlela efanele, nokuphila impilo enempilo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu njalo.
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