Ingabe ingane yakho encane inalezi zinkinga? Ake sixoxe nge-Cerebral Palsy

Ngezinye izikhathi izingane zethu ezincane ziba nobunzima bokuhamba, ukukhuluma, noma ngisho nokudla kahle, akunjalo? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wababona abantwana abanjalo. Esinye sezizathu zalesi simo yi -Cerebral Palsy , esiyibiza ngokuthi i-CP ngamafuphi. Ungesabi uma uzwa lokhu, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-Cerebral Palsy? Masiyiqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, i-cerebral palsy yisimo lapho ubuchopho bethu bungakwazi ukuxhumana nemisipha yethu. Cabanga ngobuchopho bethu "njengesikhungo sokulawula" semizimba yethu. Uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka endleleni lesi sikhungo sokulawula esithumela ngayo imiyalezo emisipheni yethu, noma uma noma iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho yonakele, imisipha ngeke isebenze kahle. Izingane ezinalesi simo zinobunzima bokulawula imisipha yazo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi zingase zibe nobunzima bokuhambisa izitho zazo, ukuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukugxuma ngendlela ezingathanda ngayo. Ezinye izingane kungadingeka zisebenzise isihlalo sabakhubazekile noma izinduku zokuhamba ukuze zihambe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungahluka kakhulu kuye ngengane. Ezinye zingase zibe nomphumela omncane kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingase zibe nomphumela onzima kakhulu.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-cerebral palsy akuyona isifo esiba sibi kakhulu usuku nosuku. Umonakalo ebuchosheni awubi sibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, sidinga ukusiza ingane ukuthi iphile nobunzima obuvela ngenxa yalowo monakalo.

Kungani kwenzeka i-cerebral palsy? Ziyini izimbangela?

I-Cerebral Palsy ivame ukubangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho bengane ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo . Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko: 1. Ngesikhathi ingane isesibelethweni (Ngaphambi kokubeletha):

• Ezinye izifo ezitholwa ngumama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - isibonelo, i-Rubella , i-Cytomegalovirus (CMV).
• Ingane ithintwa ngumama onezinhlobo zegazi ezingahambisani (ukungavumelani kwe-Rh).
• Ezinye zezimo ezingapheli zikamama azilawulwa kahle.
• Izici zofuzo noma ukukhubazeka kwe-chromosome okuthinta ukukhula kobuchopho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukuncipha kokunikezwa kwe-oxygen embungwini.

2. Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa (Isikhathi Sokuzalwa):

• Ukuzalwa usemncane kakhulu (ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi). Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-32 zisengozini enkulu.
• Izingane ezizalwa zinesisindo esiphansi kakhulu.
• Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni ngesikhathi sokuzalwa (ukuphelelwa umoya kokuzalwa).
• Ukuzalwa okuningi - njengamawele.

3. Eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa (Ngemva kokubeletha):

• Izifo ezithinta ubuchopho bengane - isibonelo, i-meningitis noma i-encephalitis.
• Ukulimala ekhanda - njengokuwa noma ingozi.
• Ukulawulwa okungalungile kokuxhuzula .
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni kwenzeka.

Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho imbangela ethile ingatholakali khona yokuthi ezinye izingane zibe ne-cerebral palsy. Kumelwe futhi sikukhumbule lokho.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-cerebral palsy?

Yebo, i-cerebral palsy ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusekelwe ekutheni umonakalo wobuchopho wenzeka kuphi nokuthi uthinta kanjani imisipha.

• I-Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Laba bantwana banemisipha eqinile nengaguquki. Kunjengokungathi babanjwe yibhande lerabha. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukunyakaza futhi bakhathala ngokushesha.
• Ngezinye izikhathi imilenze yomibili kuphela engathinteka (i-Spastic Diplegia).
• Ngezinye izikhathi uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba (ingalo noma umlenze) lungathinteka (i-Spastic Hemiplegia).
• Ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta izingalo zombili, imilenze yomibili, ngisho nobuso (i-Spastic Quadriplegia). Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu.

• I-Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: Laba bantwana banenkinga yokulawula ukunyakaza kwabo. Izitho zabo zomzimba, ubuso, kanye nomzimba wabo zihamba ngokungazikhetheli futhi ngaphandle kokulawula. Lokhu kunyakaza kungaba ukunyakazisa kancane (i-athetoid), ukugxumagxuma okusheshayo (i-choreoathetoid), noma kungase kubonakale ngomsindo wemisipha oqinile ohlala njalo oshintsha ngokuzumayo (i-dystonic).

• I-Ataxic Cerebral Palsy: Lolu hlobo luthinta kakhulu ibhalansi kanye nokuxhumana. Laba bantwana banenkinga yokuhamba, ukukhubeka, nokuthuthumela. Bangabona okuqondiwe lapho bezama ukucosha into encane, kodwa banenkinga yokuyibamba ngokunembile.

• I-Mixed Cerebral Palsy: Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezimpawu ezingaphezu kweyodwa yezinhlobo ezingenhla ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isibonelo, zingase zibonise izimpawu ze-spastic kanye ne-dyskinetic.

Ukwazi lokhu kuhlukaniswa kubalulekile ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa nokuqeqeshwa ingane ekudingayo.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zengane ene-Cerebral Palsy ?

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zimpawu zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngengane. Futhi, ukuba nezimpawu eyodwa noma ezimbili nje akusho ukuthi ingane ine-CP. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zinto.

• Izinkinga ezihlobene nemisipha:
• Imisipha eqinile kakhulu noma ekhululekile kakhulu futhi egobile .
• Ubunzima bokulawula izitho zomzimba, ukuma okungajwayelekile.
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukunyakaza okungahleliwe.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba: Abanye abantu bahamba ngezinzwane zabo (ukuhamba ngezinzwane), bahamba ngesikere, noma balahlekelwa ibhalansi yabo lapho behamba.
• Ubunzima bokwenza amakhono okunyakaza okuhle njengokuphatha izinto ezincane, ukuchofoza izinkinobho, nokubhala.

• Ukulibaziseka Kokukhula:
• Ukuphuza ukuphendula intamo, ukugingqika, ukuhlala, ukukhasa, ukuma, nokuhamba, njengoba kufanele ngokweminyaka.
• Ukuphuza ukuqala ukukhuluma, noma ukukhuluma okungacacile.

• Ezinye izinkinga:
• Ubunzima bokugwinya nokumunca ukudla (ubunzima bokuphakela ukudla).
• Ukuvuza amathe.
• Ukuquleka kwesifo sokuwa.
• Ukukhubazeka kokubona noma ukuzwa.
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo - Lokhu akuthinti bonke abantwana abane-CP. Abanye abantwana bangase babe nokuhlakanipha okuvamile noma okuphakeme.
• Izinguquko zezwi.
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
• Izinkinga zamathambo njenge-scoliosis.
• Ukuqunjelwa njalo.
• Ubuhlungu - ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuqina kwemisipha.

Uma unenkinga mayelana nokukhula kwengane yakho, noma uma kubonakala sengathi ayenzi izinto ezifanele iminyaka yayo, kungcono ukubona udokotela wezingane ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Lesi simo sitholakala kanjani? (Ukuxilongwa)

Akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukodwa nje ukuze kutholakale i-cerebral palsy. Odokotela baxilonga lesi simo ngokubheka ukukhula kwengane, ukuziphatha kwayo, kanye nezimpawu zayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuyinhloko benza okulandelayo: 1. Ukuqapha Ukukhula: Kubhekwa izinyathelo zokukhula kwengane. Isibonelo, iminyaka lapho ingane yaqala ukuhlala, ukumamatheka, nokukhasa. 2. Ukuhlolwa Kokukhula: Ukuhlolwa okufushane kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ingane inamakhono afanele iminyaka yayo. 3. Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha Nokukhula: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okujulile kakhulu.

• Imisipha yengane, ukusabela kwayo, ukuma kwayo, kanye nezindlela zayo zokunyakaza kuhlolwa ngokucophelela.
• Babuza ngokukhulelwa kukamama, ukubeletha, kanye nempilo yengane isencane.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, kungacelwa ukuthi kuhlolwe i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) noma i-CT (Computed Tomography) ukuze kuhlolwe noma yimuphi umonakalo wobuchopho. I-MRI ingabona ngokucacile izakhiwo ezinhle zobuchopho.
• Uma kusolwa ukuthi umuntu unesifo sokuwa, kungenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-EEG (Electroencephalogram) . Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho.
• Uma kusolwa ezinye izimo zofuzo noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, ukuhlolwa kungenziwa nangalezo.

Lokhu kutholakala kwesifo kuvame ukwenziwa phakathi nonyaka wokuqala noma emibili yokuphila kwengane. Kwezinye izingane ezinezimo ezingatheni, ukuxilongwa kungase kubambezeleke kuze kube yilapho eneminyaka engu-4-5.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lesi simo? Singamsiza kanjani umntwana?

I-cerebral palsy akuyona isifo esingelapheki ngokuphelele. Ngoba umonakalo ebuchosheni awunakuguqulwa. Kodwa, ungakhathazeki! Ukwelashwa kanye nokwelashwa okuhlukahlukene kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kwengane, kwenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula, futhi kuyisize iphile ngokugcwele . Akukho ukwelashwa okukodwa kwalokhu. Ngenxa yokuthi izidingo zengane ngayinye zihlukile, odokotela nabelaphi basebenza ndawonye ukudala uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nengane . Uhlelo lungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukwelashwa Komzimba (PT): Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuzivocavoca nokuqeqeshwa kunikezwa ukuqinisa imisipha, ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokuhamba, ukwandisa ibhalansi, nokwandisa ububanzi bokunyakaza.
• Ukwelashwa Ngomsebenzi (OT): Kusiza ingane ukuthi yenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngokuzimela. Isibonelo, ukugqoka, ukudla, ukudlala nokubhala. Futhi, kufundisa ingane ukusebenzisa imishini yokuzivumelanisa nezimo uma kudingeka.
• Ukwelapha Ngenkulumo Nolimi: Kusiza izingane ezinezinkinga zokukhuluma ukuthi zikhulume ngokucacile futhi ziveze imizwa yazo. Izinkinga zokugwinya nazo ziyalashwa. Ezinye izingane zifundiswa nokusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana (izinsiza zokuxhumana).
• Imithi:
• Nciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha (ama-muscle relaxants).
• Lawula ukunyakaza okungadingekile.
• Lawula izimo zesifo sokuwa.
• Nciphisa ubuhlungu.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukuze kulungiswe ukukhubazeka kwamalunga okubangelwa ukuqina kwemisipha noma ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukuhlinzwa.
• Amadivayisi Okusiza:
• Izinduku zokuhamba ngezinyawo nezinduku zokuzisiza ngokuhamba ngezinyawo.
• Izicathulo ezikhethekile (ama-orthotics), ama-braces.
• Izihlalo zabakhubazekile.
• Imishini yokuxhumana.

Ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kuyinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza enganeni ene-cerebral palsy. Ukuhlonza lesi simo kusenesikhathi kanye nokuqala izinsizakalo zokwelapha ezidingekayo kungasiza kakhulu ekukhuleni kwengane.

Ake sixoxe ngokuphila ne-Cerebral Palsy.

I-Cerebral Palsy ayithinti nje ingane kuphela, kodwa nomndeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, ngokusekelwa okufanele, ukuqwashisa, nothando , laba bantwana bangaphila impilo ejabulisayo, ephumelelayo, neyaziqhenyayo njengabo bonke abanye.

• Bona amakhono engane: Esikhundleni sokugxila "ezintweni ezinzima" enganeni ene-CP, funa "izinto ezingenzeka" kuyo. Khuthaza lezo zinto.
• Isineke nokuqonda: Laba bantwana bangathatha isikhathi eside ukufunda nokwenza ezinye izinto. Basize ngesineke nothando.
• Khuthaza ukuzimela: Khuthaza ingane yakho ukuba yenze izinto yodwa ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuzokhulisa ukuzethemba kwayo.
• Imfundo: Izingane ezine-CP nazo zinelungelo lemfundo. Kukhona izingane ezingaya ezikoleni ezivamile, futhi kukhona nezingane ezinezidingo ezikhethekile zemfundo. Siza ingane yakho ikhethe indlela efanele yemfundo.
• Ukuxhumana nabantu: Khuthaza ingane yakho ukuthi idlale nezinye izingane futhi ixhumane nabantu. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa amakhono ayo okuxhumana nabantu.
• Njengomzali, zinakekele: Ukunakekela ingane ene-CP kungaba yinselele. Cabanga ngempilo yakho yengqondo neyomzimba. Funa ukwelulekwa uma kudingeka. Ukukhuluma nabanye abazali bezingane ezine-CP nakho kungaba umthombo omkhulu wamandla.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-cerebral palsy ubuthakathaka ekulawuleni imisipha obubangelwa ukulimala kobuchopho ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa.
• Lesi simo asibi sibi kakhulu usuku nosuku.
• Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngengane. Ezinye zingase zibe nemiphumela emincane, kanti ezinye zingase zibe nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
• Uma ubona ukubambezeleka ekukhuleni kwengane yakho noma inkinga ehlobene nemisipha, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa (ukungenelela kusenesikhathi) kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Izinto ezifana nokwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi, kanye nokwelashwa ngokukhuluma zingayithuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yengane.
• Izingane ezine-CP zingaphila impilo ephumelelayo nejabulisayo njengabo bonke abanye abantu uma zithola uthando, ukwesekwa, kanye namathuba afanele.

Ungakhohlwa, awuwedwa. Kukhona odokotela, abelaphi, nabanye abaningi abangakusiza kulolu hambo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza kanzima ngenxa yengane yakho ngaphandle kokulahla ithemba.

Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho, i-CP, izifo zobuntwana, izinkinga zobuchopho, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukubambezeleka kokukhula