Kuyini i-Lacunar Stroke? Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibucayi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi usiqaphele. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngesifo sohlangothi. Enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zesifo sohlangothi yisifo sohlangothi esibizwa ngokuthi i-lacunar stroke. Kalula nje, lesi yisimo esenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni wegazi omncane kakhulu ebuchosheni. Sifana nombhobho wamanzi ovalekile ovimba ukugeleza kwamanzi.

I-Lacunar stroke yenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya emthanjeni omncane wegazi ojulile ebuchosheni kuyeka, noma kuvinjelwa yi-blood clot, okubangela umonakalo kuleyo ngxenye yobuchopho. Lolu uhlobo lwe-stroke olubizwa ngokuthi i-ischemic stroke . Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi balubiza ngokuthi i-lacunar infarction. Igama elithi 'infarction' lisho ukuthi lapho izicubu emzimbeni zilahlekelwa igazi lazo, lezo zicubu ziyafa. I-stroke yinoma yini ephazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni.

Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esisongela impilo , njengengozi. Ngakho-ke uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebhekene nezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi, shayela u-911 (noma inombolo yakho yesimo esiphuthumayo yendawo) ngokushesha . Uma ufika esibhedlela ngokushesha bese uqala ukwelashwa, amathuba akho okusindisa impilo ayanda. Umzuzwana ngamunye ubalulekile.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi esibizwa ngokuthi i-lacunar stroke?

Izimpawu ze-lacunar stroke zifana kakhulu nezinye izinhlobo ze-ischemic stroke. Okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu kungenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa:

• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namandla ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso nomzimba.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma kahle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukulahlekelwa yinkulumo ngokuphelele (lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-aphasia' ).
• Inkulumo engacacile, ukungingiza (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-dysarthria' ).
• Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula imisipha kolunye uhlangothi lobuso (njengokudonswa komlomo ohlangothini olulodwa).
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukulahlekelwa yinye noma ngaphezulu kwezinzwa zethu ezinhlanu (ukubona, ukuzwa, ukuhogela, ukunambitha, ukuthinta).
• Umbono ofiphele, umbono ophindwe kabili ( diplopia ).
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi kanye nokungakwazi ukulawula izitho zomzimba, njengomuntu odakiwe ( 'Ataxia' ).
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma unesizungu.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sohlangothi, khumbula le ndlela ethi 'BE FAST'!

Kuyasiza ukukhumbula lezi zinhlamvu zesiNgisi ezisho ukuthi 'BE FAST' ukuze uqaphele ngokushesha ukuthi wena noma othandekayo wakho nibhekene nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso zesifo sohlangothi. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• B for Balance: Bheka ukuthi ulahlekelwa yini ibhalansi yakho ngokuzumayo. Ingabe unenkinga yokuma noma yokuhamba?
• E for Eyes: Bheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo, ukufiphala, noma ushintsho kwelinye noma womabili amehlo.
• F for Face: Bacele ukuthi bamamatheke. Bona ukuthi uhlangothi olulodwa noma zombili zobuso babo zibonakala zigobile yini. Ingabe umlomo wabo udonseleke ohlangothini olulodwa?
• A for Izingalo: Bacele ukuthi baphakamise zombili izingalo. Uma benesifo sohlangothi, ingalo eyodwa ingase iwele phansi ingakwazi ukuphakamisa enye.
• S for Speech: Hlola ukuthi akukho ukukhungatheka, ukungingiza, noma ubunzima bokuthola amagama afanele lapho ukhuluma. Ungakhuluma kahle uma ucelwa ukuthi usho umusho olula?
• Isikhathi: Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu! Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu , funa usizo ngokushesha, okusho ukushayela ucingo ku-1990. Uma kungenzeka, qaphela isikhathi izimpawu zakho eziqale ngaso ngokubheka iwashi noma ucingo lwakho. Ukutshela udokotela wakho ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziqale nini kungabasiza banqume ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ake sifunde futhi nge-'Mini-Stroke'?

Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka 'i-Transient Ischemic Attack' noma 'i-TIA' . Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi 'i-Mini-Stroke'. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho unezimpawu ezifana ne-stroke, kodwa ziyaphela ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane (ngokuvamile zingakapheli amahora angu-24). Kodwa-ke, lesi yisixwayiso esingathi sína sokuthi i-stroke yangempela ingase ifike maduze. Umuntu oke waba ne-TIA naye udinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Akuwona umqondo omuhle ukumane ungasinaki.

Yini ebangela i-lacunar stroke?

Ukushaywa yi-lacunar, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, kubangelwa ukugoba kwegazi okuvimba umthambo wegazi omncane ojulile ebuchosheni bakho. Lezi zindawo zobuchopho ziyikhaya lezikhungo ezibalulekile ezilawula izinzwa zethu (imizwa, umbono, njll.) kanye nokunyakaza, njenge -Basal Ganglia kanye ne-Thalamus .

Kunezimo eziningana zempilo ezingabangela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi futhi zibangele ukushaywa yi-lacunar. Isibonelo:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (Umfutho wegazi ophakeme): Lesi yisici esiyinhloko nesiyingozi kakhulu . Uma wazi ukuthi umfutho wegazi wakho uphakeme, kubalulekile ukuwulawula.
• Amazinga e-cholesterol egazini akhuphukile (i-Hyperlipidemia): Uma i-cholesterol 'embi' ikhuphuka, ingangena emithanjeni yegazi bese iyivala.
• Izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi: Abanye abantu bathambekele ekubeni igazi labo lijiye kalula.
• Ukutheleleka kwe-COVID-19: Lokhu kungahlotshaniswa nokuqhekeka kwegazi kwezinye izimo.
• Izifo ezibhubhisa izicubu zomzimba: Isibonelo, ekuthelelekeni okukhulu njenge- sepsis , izingcezu zezicubu ezifile zingaqoqana egazini bese ziya ebuchosheni bese zihlala.

Khumbula, umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyisitha esikhulu se-lacunar stroke. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nomfutho wegazi wakho bese uzama ukuwugcina usezingeni elifanele.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sohlangothi se-lacunar?

Noma ubani angaba nesifo sohlangothi esibizwa ngokuthi i-lacunar stroke, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Abantu abamnyama (lokhu kungase kuhlobane nezici zofuzo kanye nezenhlalo nezomnotho).
• Abantu ababhemayo noma abasebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine (isb. i-vaping).
• Abantu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa.

Futhi, abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha basengozini enkulu:

• Abantu abanokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ku-'NOTCH3' gene (lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nesimo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-CADASIL).
• Abantu abanokuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo okufana ne -atrial fibrillation (okungabangela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi enhliziyweni).
• Inkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala.
• Kulabo abane -'atherosclerosis', isifo lapho izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziba ziqinile futhi ziqine khona.
• Isifo Sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus).

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ngokunembile isifo sohlangothi lwe-lacunar?

Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi une-lacunar stroke ngokubukeza izimpawu zakho, ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa , ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, nokwenza ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ezikhethekile. Uma uyiswa ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo, odokotela lapho bangenza lokhu kuxilonga.

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uke waba nesifo sohlangothi esibizwa ngokuthi i-lacunar stroke:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola izinto ezifana nezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi, isifo sikashukela, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol.
• I-CT scan: Lokhu kungathatha izithombe zobuchopho futhi kunqume ngokushesha ukuthi kukhona ukopha noma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi.
• I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Ihlola umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho (kungadingeka kwezinye izimo).
• I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Hlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kanye nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• I-MRI: Lokhu kungaveza izithombe zobuchopho ezicacile nezinemininingwane eminingi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni ngokunembile umonakalo wobuchopho obangelwa yisifo sohlangothi.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isifo sohlangothi lwe-lacunar?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu lapho welapha isifo sohlangothi lwe-lacunar ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni ngokushesha okukhulu. Odokotela benza lokhu ngokushesha okukhulu ngoba kunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kobuchopho unomphela nokufa.

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha:

• Ukwelashwa nge-Thrombolytic: Lena imithi encibilikisa amahlule egazi. Ivame ukunikezwa zingakapheli amahora amane nesigamu kusukela ekuqaleni kwezimpawu, ngoba uma inikezwa kamuva, kunengozi enkulu yokopha okuyingozi emzimbeni.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-thrombectomy ngomshini: Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa yokususa ihlule legazi. Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka ithubhu elincane, elincane (i-catheter) emthanjeni wegazi kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho bese elifaka eqhubu legazi ebuchosheni bakho. Ihlule liyakhishwa ngesikhathi esisodwa noma liphuke libe yizicucu bese likhishwa. Kodwa-ke, ezifweni eziningi ze-lacunar, umthambo wegazi othintekile ungase ube mncane kakhulu ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-thrombectomy. Udokotela wakho nodokotela ohlinzayo bazokutshela ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ungadinga ezinye izindlela zokwelapha:

• Izithibi zegazi: Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala kwegazi ivimbela igazi lakho ukuthi lingajiyi kalula. Le mithi ingase inikezwe nangemva kokwelashwa nge-thrombolytic.
• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi: Odokotela banikeza imithi yokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho futhi bawugcine usezingeni eliphephile.

Ingabe ukuvuselelwa kubalulekile ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi?

Yebo, impela! Ukuvuselelwa kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelashwa ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi. Lokhu kwelashwa kokuvuselelwa kukusiza ukuthi uzivumelanise nezinguquko ezenzeke ebuchosheni bakho nasemzimbeni ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi. Ungadinga usizo ukuze ubuyisele amakhono owawunawo ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi, noma ukuze ujwayele ukuphila nokukhubazeka okusha. Ungadinga okukodwa noma inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela zokwelapha:

• Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma: Lokhu kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni amakhono akho olimi, indlela okhuluma ngayo, nokulawula imisipha ekusiza ukuthi ukhulume, uphefumule, udle, futhi ugwinye. Imithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo ivame ukudingeka ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Lokhu kungasiza ekuqiniseni imisipha yakho, kuthuthukise ibhalansi yakho, futhi kuphinde kusebenze izingalo nemilenze yakho.
• Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi wenze imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngokuphephile, ikakhulukazi imisebenzi edinga ukunyakaza okuhle (isib. ukudla, ukugqoka, ukubhala).
• Ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo: Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa inkumbulo yakho, isikhathi sokunaka, kanye namanye amakhono engqondo.

Ingakanani isikhathi sokuphila ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi? Ingabe kungenzeka ukuthi ululame ngokuphelele?

Inani labantu abasinda ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi liyakhula, ngenxa yokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe nokusheshayo. Kodwa kunzima ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kukhona uhlelo lokululama olufanele bonke noma umbono.

Ukushaywa yi-lacunar (nezinye izinhlobo 'zokushaywa yi-ischemic') ngokuvamile kunesilinganiso sokusinda esiphezulu kunezinhlungu zokopha , ezibangelwa ukopha ebuchosheni. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi uzosinda isikhathi eside kunabanye.

Umzimba wawo wonke umuntu usabela ngendlela ehlukile ku-stroke. Okushiwo "ukululama okuphelele" kuwe kungase kuhluke kulokho okushoyo komunye umuntu. Ungase uphinde uthole ukusebenza okugcwele kobuchopho bakho nomzimba wakho, kodwa ungase futhi ube nokukhubazeka okusha noma okuhlukile ngemva kokuhlaselwa yi-lacunar stroke.

Lokho ongakulindela kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• iminyaka yakho.
• Indlela elashwe ngayo ngokushesha isifo sohlangothi.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.

Iningi labantu lithatha izinyanga eziningana ukululama. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi yini okufanele uyilindele. Uzokusiza ukuthi uzibekele imigomo yakho yokululama kanye nokulindela ngokusekelwe empilweni yakho.

Ingabe isifo sohlangothi se-lacunar singavinjelwa?

Yebo, kunjalo impela! Ukugcina impilo enhle iyonke kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela isifo sohlangothi esibizwa ngokuthi i-lacunar stroke. Zama ukwenza lezi zinto:

• Gcina umfutho wegazi lakho, amazinga e-cholesterol, kanye nezinye izimo zezokwelapha (isib. isifo sikashukela) zilawulwa. Thatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okwengeziwe (imifino, izithelo, ubhontshisi kanye ne-fiber). Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Uma ubhema, yeka. Gwema eminye imikhiqizo equkethe i-nicotine.
• Zivocavoce njalo. Yenza okuthile okufana nokuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.

Hlola udokotela njalo ngonyaka (noma njengoba udokotela wakho encoma). Izifo nezinkinga eziningi ezingabangela ukushaywa yi-lacunar zikhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungase ungaziboni izimpawu. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uqaphele lezi zimpawu eziyisixwayiso kusenesikhathi futhi akusize uzilawule.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi?

Ukululama ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi kanye nokudlula ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela akulula, kuwumsebenzi omningi. Uma wena nodokotela wakho senisungule uhlelo lokwelashwa, lulandele eduze ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuvamile, kufanele wenze okulandelayo:

• Phuza imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi. Kubalulekile ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi esikhathini esizayo, futhi ukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho kuzosiza umzimba wakho ululame.
• Gcina isikhathi sakho sokubonana nodokotela kanye nezinye izikhathi zokwelashwa. Tshela uchwepheshe wakho wezokwelapha uma kukhona okukwenza uzizwe ungakhululekile noma ungaphephile. Ukuvuselelwa kuwumsebenzi onzima, kodwa akudingeki ube nobuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Cabanga nangempilo yakho yengqondo.Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kuvamile ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi. Impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yakho yomzimba. Ukuzizwa udangele noma ukhathazekile akukwenzi ube buthakathaka noma ube yisehluleki. Uma uzizwa ucindezelwe okuthile ngesikhathi usalulama, khuluma nodokotela wakho noma umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo .

Yikuphi ukudla neziphuzo okufanele ngizigweme?

Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukufaka noma ukususa ukudla okuthile ekudleni kwakho. Angase futhi asikisele ukwenza izinguquko ezincane endleleni yakho yansuku zonke ukuze akusize ekuphatheni izimo zakho zezokwelapha kanye/noma ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola amahlule egazi esikhathini esizayo ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi.

Ukudla okuvame ukwelulekwa ukuthi kugwenywe yilokhu:

• Utshwala
• Iziphuzo ezicebile nge-caffeine (kungaba ngcono uma unganciphisa ukuphuza itiye nekhofi)
• Ukudla okunoshukela omningi (ukudla okumnandi, iziphuzo)
• Ukudla okunosawoti omningi (i-sodium) (nciphisa usawoti ekudleni, gwema ukudla okucutshungulwe ngosawoti omningi)
• Ukudla okuthosiwe
• Ukudla okucutshungulwe kakhulu (isib. amasoseji, ama-meatball, ukudla okupakishwe)

Kunini lapho kudingeka ngiye khona eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) futhi?

Uma uzizwa sengathi unesinye isifo sohlangothi, shayela u-911 (noma inombolo yakho yesimo esiphuthumayo yasendaweni) ngokushesha. Esinye isifo sohlangothi cishe singadala izinkinga ezinkulu ngisho nokufa. Ungalibali ukufuna usizo noma ukuya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo.

Abantu abake baba nesifo sohlangothi esibizwa ngokuthi i-lacunar stroke basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu. Isibonelo:

• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) (ukuqhekeka kwegazi emithanjeni ejulile yemilenze)
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Inyumoniya
• I-pulmonary embolism ( ukuqhekeka kwegazi emthanjeni wegazi emaphashini)
• Ukuquleka

Uma ubona izimpawu zanoma yiziphi zalezi zinkinga, kufanele ushayele izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma ubona udokotela wakho, ungangabazi ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo. Nazi ezinye zezinto ongase ufune ukuzibuza:

• 'Kukuphi ngempela engqondweni yami lapho ngithole khona lesi sifo sohlangothi esibuhlungu?'
• 'Yisiphi isifo noma inkinga ebangele lokhu?'
• 'Ngidinga umuthi onjani, futhi kufanele ngiwusebenzise kanjani?'
• 'Yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka ngizenze empilweni yami yansuku zonke?'
• 'Yini enye okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivimbele ukuthi ngingaphinde ngibe nesifo sohlangothi?'
• 'Uhlelo lwami lokuvuselela luzohlala isikhathi esingakanani? Ngingalindela miphi imiphumela?'

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

I-Lacunar stroke (ebizwa nangokuthi 'i-lacunar infarct') yisimo esithinta imithambo yegazi emincane ejulile ebuchosheni bakho, kodwa ingaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlolwa njalo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ubone futhi uphathe izinkinga zempilo (ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol, nesifo sikashukela) ezandisa ingozi yakho ye-stroke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuphatha izici eziyingozi ozibonile.

Njengoba ululama ngemva kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi, ungakhohlwa ukugubha ngisho nentuthuko encane oyenzayo. Ngezinye izinsuku ungase ungazizwa ujabule, kodwa noma iyiphi impumelelo iyakufanelekela ukugujwa. Ungaziqhenya ngomsebenzi onzima owenze ekuvuseleleni kwakho.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

I- Lacunar Stroke, i-Lacunar Infarct, i-Lacunar Infarct, i-Stroke, i-Blood Clot, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, izimpawu ze-Stroke