Wake wazizwa sengathi ulahlekelwe ukulawula uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba wakho ngokuzumayo, inkulumo engacacile, noma ulahlekelwe umbono wakho okwesikhashana, kodwa konke kwabuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemizuzu embalwa? Uma uhlangabezana nesimo esinjengalesi, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi, "O... kumelwe ukuthi bekuwukukhathala." Kodwa lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyithathe kalula. Lokhu kungaba uphawu oluyisixwayiso, isandulela esiyingozi sesifo sohlangothi esingathi sína esingathinta impilo yakho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalesi simo abantu abaningi abangasinaki, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu. Leso yi-TIA, noma i-Transient Ischemic Attack.
Iyini ngempela i-TIA?
Kalula nje, i-TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack) iwukukhubazeka kwesikhashana. Amangqamuzana ethu obuchopho adinga umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ukuze asebenze. Lokhu kutholakala egazini. Uma umthambo wegazi othwala igazi uye engxenyeni yobuchopho uvalekile okwesikhashana, leyo ngxenye ayitholi igazi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(Ischemia)`. Ngalesi sikhathi, imisebenzi yomzimba elawulwa yileyo ngxenye yobuchopho iyama okwesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, ku-TIA, ukuvaleka kwale mthambo wegazi kungokwesikhashana . Phakathi nemizuzu embalwa noma amahora ambalwa, ukuvaleka kususwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni kuyabuyiselwa. Izimpawu nazo ziyanyamalala.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-TIA ifana nesifo sohlangothi futhi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Ngoba lapho izimpawu ziqala, akekho ongasho ukuthi lokhu kuyi-TIA ezophola ngemizuzu embalwa, noma isifo sohlangothi esikhulu esizothinta impilo yakho. Ngakho ungachithi ngisho nomzuzu.
Ingabe igama elithi "Mini-Stroke" alilungile?
Ama-TIA avame ukubizwa ngokuthi “ama-mini-stroke,” kodwa lelo akulona igama elinembile kakhulu. Igama elithi “Mini” lisenza sicabange ngento encane futhi engenangozi. Kodwa i-TIA ingathinta indawo enkulu yobuchopho. Futhi, i-TIA ingaholela ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi okukhulu kungakapheli imizuzu, amahora, noma izinsuku.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zomehluko phakathi kwe-TIA kanye nesifo sohlangothi esikhulu:
1. I-TIA izoyeka yodwa. Kodwa isifo sohlangothi ngeke sime futhi sidinga ukwelashwa.
2. Njengoba ukulimala kobuchopho okuhlala njalo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi, kungabonakala ngokucacile ku-MRI scan. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukulimala kobuchopho okuhlala njalo kungenzeki ku-TIA, i-MRI scan ngemva kokuba izimpawu seziphelile ngokuvamile ayibonisi mehluko.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-TIA?
Izimpawu ze-TIA zifana kakhulu nezesifo sohlangothi. Lezi zimpawu zivele ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle kwesixwayiso . Esinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu singase senzeke ngesikhathi esisodwa.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubuthakathaka/ukukhubazeka kohlangothi olulodwa lomzimba (i-Hemiplegia) | Umuzwa ongazelelwe wokuba ndikindiki noma isisindo ohlangothini olulodwa lwengalo, umlenze, noma ubuso. Njengokungathi uzoquleka. |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma (i-Aphasia / i-Dysarthria) | Uyadideka ngamazwi, awukwazi ukuthola ukuthi uzothini, noma uzizwe sengathi uyangingiza uma ukhuluma. |
| Ukudonsa ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso | Uma ngizama ukumamatheka, olunye uhlangothi lomlomo wami luyawa. Angikwazi ukulawula imisipha yobuso bami. |
| Izinkinga zokubona (i-Diplopia) | Ngokungazelelwe ulahlekelwa umbono kwelinye iso noma womabili, umbono wakho uba lufifi, noma ubona izinto ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa. |
| Ubunzima bokuhamba kanye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi (i-Ataxia) | Kungazelelwe, ngizizwa ngididekile, ngingakwazi ukuhamba kahle, futhi sengathi ngiyanyakaza. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu ngokuzumayo, elinzima | Ubuhlungu bekhanda obungazelelwe, obukhulu, obungakaze ubhekane nabo empilweni yakho, ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile. |
| Ukudideka nobunzima bokuqonda | Kuba nzima ukuqonda ukuthi abanye bathini, bese ukhohlwa izinto ezinjengokuthi ukuphi nesikhathi. |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka nge-TIA?
I-TIA kanye nesifo sohlangothi kubangelwa yizinto ezifanayo. Imbangela eyinhloko ukuvaleka kwesikhashana komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni. Kunezindlela eziningana lokhu okungenzeka ngazo:
- I-Thrombosis: Lapho i-cholesterol nezinye izinto zinqwabelana ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi ebuchosheni (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis), amahlule egazi angakheka futhi avimbe imithambo yegazi.
- Ihlule elivele kwenye indawo liya ebuchosheni (Thromboembolism): Cabanga ngehlule legazi elakheka emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi enhliziyweni noma entanyeni ("umthambo we-carotid"), liqhekeke, lihambe negazi, bese libhajwa emthanjeni omncane wegazi ebuchosheni. Le ngozi iphezulu kubantu abanesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Atrial fibrillation", okuyinhliziyo engajwayelekile.
- I-Lacunar stroke: Lesi simo singabangelwa nokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu ebuchosheni.
- I-TIA Engachazeki (i-Cryptogenic TIA): Ngezinye izikhathi, naphezu kokuhlolwa okubanzi, akukho sizathu esithile esingatholakala se-TIA.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-TIA?
Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba ne-TIA kunabanye. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi izici eziyingozi. Ezinye zalezi singazilawula.
| Isici sengozi | Indlela okuthinta ngayo |
|---|---|
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) | Lesi yisici esiyinhloko nesiyingozi kakhulu sengozi. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wonakalisa imithambo yegazi futhi wandisa ingozi yokuthi ivaleke. |
| Isifo Sikashukela (Uhlobo 2 Lwesifo Sikashukela)` | Uma amazinga kashukela egazini enyuka, imithambo yegazi iyalimala, okwandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi. |
| Ukubhema | Ukubhema kwenza igazi libe likhulu, kulimaze izindonga zemithambo yegazi, futhi kwandisa umfutho wegazi. |
| I-cholesterol ephezulu `(i-Hyperlipidemia)` | I-cholesterol embi (i-LDL) egazini ingahlala ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, inciphe kancane kancane bese ivala. |
| Isifo senhliziyo (ikakhulukazi i-'Atrial fibrillation') | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kungabangela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ngaphakathi enhliziyweni bese kuhamba liye ebuchosheni. |
| Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile (isisindo somzimba esengeziwe) | Ukukhuluphala kuhlobene ngqo nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela kanye ne-cholesterol. |
| Ukuguga | Ingozi iyanda njengoba imithambo yegazi iba yincane uma ikhula. |
Iyingozi kangakanani i-TIA?
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi i-TIA ibe yisimo esiphuthumayo ukuthi iyisandulela sohlangothi olukhulu. Uma kwenzeka i-TIA, umzimba wakho ukuthumelela isixwayiso esikhulu, uthi, "Kunenkinga ngokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, yenza okuthile ngalokhu ngokushesha, kungenjalo kungaba yinhlekelele."
Khumbula, cishe abantu abangu-20% abane-TIA bazoba nesifo sohlangothi esikhulu zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-90 ezizayo. Ingxenye yalabo bazoba naso zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili zokuqala! Lokho kusho ukuthi amahora angu-48 alandelayo e-TIA abaluleke kakhulu.
Udokotela uyixilonga kanjani i-TIA?
Uma uya esibhedlela unezimpawu ze-TIA, odokotela bazoqala bazame ukuthola ukuthi ngabe yi-TIA, isifo sohlangothi esikhulu, noma esinye isimo. Bazosebenzisa lezi zivivinyo:
1. Ukukubuza ngemininingwane: Ukukubuza ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona, nokuthi yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo ukuze uthole umbono ngesimo sakho.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yomzimba neyezinzwa: Amandla omzimba wakho, ibhalansi, inkulumo, kanye nokubona kuyahlolwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho ethintekile.
3. Ukuskena:
- Iskeni se-CT (Computed Tomography):Lokhu kungathatha isithombe sobuchopho ngemizuzu embalwa. Kuhlola kakhulu ukopha ebuchosheni.
- Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kunganikeza isithombe esicacile sezicubu zobuchopho. Iskeni se-MRI sibaluleke kakhulu ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile phakathi kwe-TIA kanye nesifo sohlangothi esinomonakalo ongapheli.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo okufana ``(ECG)``, ``(Echocardiogram)``, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi nakho kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale imbangela.
Ziphathwa kanjani i-TIA?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-TIA ingeyesikhashana, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwayo ngaleso sikhathi. Kodwa-ke, umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukuvimbela isifo sohlangothi esikhulu esikhathini esizayo. Lokho kusho ukwelapha inkinga eyisisekelo eyabangela i-TIA.
Imithi
- Ama-Anticoagulant: Imithi efana ne-aspirin inikezwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi. Eminye imithi efana ne-clopidogrel nayo inganikezwa.
- Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi: Uma umfutho wegazi wakho uphezulu, uzonikezwa imithi yokuwulawula.
- Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (ama-Statins): Imithi efana ne-Atorvastatin noma i-Rosuvastatin yehlisa izinga le-cholesterol embi egazini.
- Ama-Anticoagulant: Uma unesifo esifana ne-atrial fibrillation, ungase unikezwe imithi enamandla njenge-Warfarin ne-Apixaban ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
Kwezinye izimo, uma umthambo wegazi oyinhloko entanyeni ('umthambo we-carotid') usunciphile kakhulu, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukene ukuwubuyisela esimweni esijwayelekile.
- Izinqubo ze-Endovascular: I-catheter encane idluliselwa emthanjeni wegazi bese ukuvaleka kunwetshwa ngedivayisi efana nebhaluni (i-angioplasty) noma kufakwa idivayisi efana ne-stent ukuze kugcinwe umthambo uvulekile.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-carotid endarterectomy ukuze kususwe ama-cholesterol deposits ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi futhi kuhlanzwe imithambo yegazi.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma une-TIA?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyikhumbule kulesi sihloko yile: Uma wena noma othile omaziyo eba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingenhla zokukhubazeka, ungalibali umzuzu.
Ungalindi uze uzizwe sengathi, "Oh... lokhu kuzolunga ngesikhashana." Ngisho noma izimpawu ziphela ngemizuzu embalwa, ungazinaki. Shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Khumbula, isikhathi singamangqamuzana obuchopho. Umzuzu ngamunye odlulayo ungabangela umonakalo omkhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-TIA iwukukhubazeka kwesikhashana, kodwa iyingozi kakhulu eholela ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi esibi kakhulu.
- Izimpawu ze-TIA (ukuba ndikindiki kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukugoba kobuso) zifana ncamashi nezokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi ziyaphela phakathi nemizuzu noma amahora ambalwa.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu ezinyamalalayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-TIA ukuvimbela isifo sohlangothi esikhulu esikhathini esizayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kanye nemithi yakhe ngqo.
- Ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-cholesterol, ukugwema ukubhema, kanye nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo kunganciphisa ingozi ye-TIA kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho