Ngezinye izikhathi izinhliziyo zethu ziba buthakathaka kancane, akunjalo? Njengenjini yemoto esisebenze kahle iminyaka eminingi, ukusebenza kwayo kungancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ikakhulukazi uma ifika esigabeni sokugcina sokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kuba yinselele enkulu enhliziyweni ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke ngokwayo. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, sikhuluma ngedivayisi ekhethekile yomshini engasiza inhliziyo ebuthaka.
Kalula nje, iyini le LVAD?
Incazelo ephelele ye-LVAD ithi i-Left Ventricular Assist Device. NgesiSinhala, isho 'idivayisi esiza i-ventricle yesobunxele'. Empeleni lokhu kuyiphampu yomshini. Lokhu kufakwa emzimbeni wabantu abanesifo senhliziyo esinzima.
Igumbi lokupompa eliyinhloko enhliziyweni yethu yi-ventricle yesobunxele. Yilokhu okuthumela igazi elihlanzekile nelicebile ngomoya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba nge-aorta. Uma inhliziyo ibuthakathaka, lo msebenzi awusebenzi kahle. I-LVAD iyasiza leyo ventricle yesobunxele. Okusho ukuthi, ithatha igazi kwi-ventricle yesobunxele, ilipompe, bese ilithumela kwi-aorta. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu awakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo.
Isebenza kanjani le divayisi? Yiziphi izingxenye zayo?
Idivayisi ye-LVAD inamathele engxenyeni engezansi yenhliziyo bese ifakwa ngaphakathi kwesifuba. Uma ithola igazi, lithunyelwa ngepayipi liye e-aorta. Lonke lolu hlelo lunezingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko.
| Ingxenye yedivayisi | Ukusebenza kahle |
|---|---|
| Iphampu | Lena yingxenye eyinhloko. Yilokhu okufakwe enhliziyweni. Le phampu yenza umsebenzi wokupompa igazi. |
| Umzila wokushayela | Lena ikhebula elivela empompini. Liphuma emzimbeni ngesikhumba sesisu bese lixhuma kusilawuli ngaphandle. |
| Isilawuli | Lokhu kufana nekhompyutha encane. Ilawula ukusebenza kwephampu. Uma kunenkinga, singayazi ngamasignali (ama-alamu) kanye nemiyalezo eyithumelayo. |
| Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi | Isebenza ngamabhethri ashajwayo. Noma ungayixhuma endaweni yokukhipha ugesi. Amabhethri anganikeza amandla amahora angaba ngu-14. |
Hlobo luni lwabantu abasebenzisa i-LVAD?
Lokhu kusetshenziselwa abantu abasezigabeni zokugcina zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Lokho futhi ngezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Njengebhuloho eliya ekufakweni kwenhliziyo (Ibhuloho eliya ekufakweni kwenhliziyo - BTT)
Ake sithi othile udinga ukufakelwa inhliziyo. Kodwa kufanele alinde kuze kube yilapho inhliziyo ehambisanayo itholakala. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, isimo sesiguli singaba sibi kakhulu. Ezinye izitho zomzimba, njengezinso nesibindi, nazo zingalimala.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-LVAD isiza ekulondolozeni impilo yesiguli nokugcina impilo isezingeni elihle kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ukufakelwa inhliziyo . Kufana nebhuloho. Uma inhliziyo isitholakala ukuze ifakelwe, idivayisi ye-LVAD iyasuswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
2. Njengokwelashwa kokuphila konke (Ukwelashwa Okuya Ekuphileni - DT)
Abanye abantu abakwazi ukufakelwa inhliziyo ngenxa yokuguga noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Kubantu abanjalo, le LVAD isetshenziselwa ukusekela inhliziyo kukho konke ukuphila kwabo. Odokotela bacabanga ngale ndlela kuphela uma zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, okuhlanganisa imithi kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, zehlulekile. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokwandisa impilo yesiguli, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwe-LVAD?
Odokotela benza izivivinyo eziningana ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini i-LVAD.
- I-E.C.G. (I-Electrocardiogram - I-ECG)
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- I-Echocardiogram
- Ukufakwa kwe-catheter enhliziyweni
Kodwa-ke, ayifanele wonke umuntu onesifo senhliziyo. Ungase ungakwazi ukufaka i-LVAD implant uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:
- Izifo zokujiya kwegazi
- Isifo sezinso esingelapheki
- Isifo sesibindi esibi kakhulu
- Isifo samaphaphu esibi kakhulu
- Izifo ezingelapheki ngama-antibiotic
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. Lokho kusho ukuthi ulaliswe ngokuphelele futhi ulele kuze kube yilapho ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe.
Nikeza umzimba wakho umoya-mpilo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwaKusetshenziswa umshini wokudlulisa inhliziyo namaphaphu. Uzofakwa nomshini wokuphefumula ukuze uphefumule. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza i-incision phakathi kwesifuba sakho, avule ithambo lesifuba, bese efinyelela inhliziyo yakho. I-LVAD ibe isifakwa bese i-incision ivalwa futhi. Yonke inqubo ingathatha amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa? Izinto okufanele uzinake uma ubuyela ekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuba uphume esibhedlela, uzonikezwa ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele kokuthi ungawuphatha kanjani lo mshini nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze esimweni esiphuthumayo. Kuzodingeka futhi ubonise ulwazi lwakho ngalokhu ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya.
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo .
- Ukuyeka ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Ukujwayela ukudla okunempilo.
- Yeka ukuphuza utshwala.
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela.
- Ukuthatha imithi ebhalwe ngudokotela, okuhlanganisa imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant), ngesikhathi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuhlanganyela ohlelweni lokuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Futhi, kungase kube nemikhawulo emisebenzini efana nokubhukuda, ukuphakamisa izinsimbi, kanye nemidlalo yokuxhumana. Kufanele uxoxe ngakho konke lokhu nodokotela wakho futhi uthole iseluleko.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-LVAD?
Nakuba lokhu kungelaphi isifo senhliziyo, kuye kwabonakala ukuthi iziguli ezine-LVAD zingaphila isikhathi eside kunalezo ezithatha imithi zodwa.
| Inzuzo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Umsebenzi wezitho zomzimba | Izitho ezinkulu njengezinso, isibindi, nobuchopho zithola ukugeleza kwegazi okungcono, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo. |
| Ukunciphisa izimpawu | Izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukuphelelwa umoya, nokuvuvukala komzimba ziyancipha kakhulu. |
| Amandla nomsebenzi | Njengoba umzimba uthola amandla, uyakwazi ukwenza izinto, njengokuzivocavoca, okwakungenakukwazi ukuzenza ngaphambili. |
| Ukuphuma esibhedlela | Akudingeki uhlale esibhedlela. Uthola ithuba lokuya ekhaya uphile impilo ejwayelekile. |
Yiziphi izingozi nezinkinga zalokhu?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuchazela lezi zingozi nokuthi ungazinciphisa kanjani.
Izingozi ezinkulu ukutheleleka, ukuqhekeka kwegazi kanye nesifo sohlangothi, ukopha ngokweqile, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kwesokudla, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi. Ngaphambi kokuba wethuke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho futhi ubuze yonke imibuzo yakho.
Kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha nini?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, yazisa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha.
| Izimpawu eziphuthumayo okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Ukubomvu noma ukuvuvukala lapho umugqa wokushayela wedivayisi uphuma khona esikhumbeni |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba noma besisu | Ukopha okukhulu |
| Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni noma emhlane ongezansi | Ubunzima bokuphefumula |
| Inkinga ngengxenye ethile yemishini | Ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe |
Ingabe i-LVAD ne-pacemaker ziyinto efanayo?
Cha. Lokhu kokubili kuhluke ngokuphelele. I-LVAD isiza i-ventricle yesobunxele yenhliziyo ukuthi ipompe igazi. I-pacemaker ilawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
Ukuthi uthola i-LVAD noma cha kuyisinqumo somuntu siqu, ngakho khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho ngokucophelela futhi uthole ukuqonda okucacile ngezinzuzo, izingozi, kanye nezinzuzo ozothola kuzo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-LVAD iyithuluzi elisebenza ngomshini elisiza ukupompa igazi liye enhliziyweni yeziguli ezinesifo senhliziyo esibi kakhulu.
- Lokhu akulona ikhambi eliphelele lalesi sifo, kodwa kuwusizo olukhulu ekwandiseni impilo nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila.
- Le divayisi ingasetshenziswa njengebhuloho ngaphambi kokufakelwa inhliziyo noma njengokwelashwa impilo yonke.
- Ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-LVAD, kubalulekile ukwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila njengokuyeka ukubhema, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, nokuzivocavoca.
- Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yisiphi isinqumo, kubalulekile ukuba nengxoxo evulekile nodokotela wakho ngezinzuzo nezingozi bese uthola ukuqonda okucacile.
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