Wake wacabanga ukuthi inhliziyo yethu ifana nomshini omncane osebenza ngesigqi? Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi sigqi singaphambuka. Lokho kusho ukuthi inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha okuyingozi, okungaba yingozi empilweni. Ezimweni ezinjalo, namuhla sizokhuluma ngedivayisi encane esebenza njengomvikeli wenhliziyo yakho.
Iyini le ICD?
Kalula nje, i-ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator) iyithuluzi elincane, elisebenza ngebhethri eliqapha isigqi senhliziyo yakho amahora angama-24 ngosuku. Lifana nomqaphi wokuphila obekwe ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo yakho. Libona lapho isigqi senhliziyo yakho siba esingajwayelekile ngendlela eyingozi (isimo esisibiza ngokuthi i-arrhythmias) futhi liletha ukushaqeka okuncane kagesi ukuze kubuyiselwe isigqi senhliziyo yakho.
Le ICD ivame ukufakwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba sakho. Ingangosayizi wewashi elincane eliyisitophuwashi. Iqukethe ibhethri kanye ne-circuitry eqapha ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo yakho. Intambo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ezincane (`(ama-lead)`) ezixhunywe kule divayisi ziya emakamelweni enhliziyo yakho ukuze ziqaphe futhi, uma kudingeka, zilethe ukushaqeka kukagesi.
Ama-ICD amaningi aqukethe ne-pacemaker, elawula isigqi senhliziyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi yenza izinto ezimbili.
Ubani odinga i-ICD?
I-ICD ivame ukunconywa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokufa ngenxa yokuma kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo. Kunezimo eziningana zezokwelapha ezingandisa le ngozi.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Uma uke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngaphambilini noma ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo | Abantu abanomlando onjalo basengozini enkulu yokuthi lokhu kwenzeke futhi. |
| I-Ventricular Tachycardia | Isigqi esiyingozi lapho amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo (ama-ventricle) eshaya khona ngokushesha okukhulu. |
| I-Fibrillation ye-Ventricular | Isimo esingaba yingozi lapho amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo ethuthumela ngokungalawuleki. |
| Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okunengxenye yokukhipha encishisiwe | Ingozi iyanda njengoba inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni. |
| I-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy | Isifo esibangelwa ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo. |
| Ezinye izimo zofuzo | Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-Brugada syndrome kanye ne-Long QT syndrome. |
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe i-ICD, udokotela wakho uzokucela ukuthi wenze izinto ezithile. Lezi zinto zenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usesimweni esihle sokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze izinto ezifana nokuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo, ukuhlolwa kwe-electrocardiogram (ECG) okubheka ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo, kanye ne-echocardiogram ebheka ukusebenza kanye nesakhiwo senhliziyo.
- Izexwayiso: Uma unezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi noma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho ngayo. Kufanele futhi umtshele nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo (isifo sikashukela, i-asthma, isifo sezinso).
- Ukungezwani komzimba: Uma une-allergy ezintweni ezisetshenziswa kwezinye izivivinyo (udayi ohlukile noma i-iodine), sicela usazise ngalokho futhi.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: Uzocelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (ukuzila ukudla).
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha amahora ambalwa. Ngokuvamile, kwenziwa ukusikwa okuncane eduze kwethambo lakho lentamo bese kuthi ama-ICD lead adluliselwe ngemithambo yegazi aye enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi indlela yokudlulisa imithambo yegazi.
Nansi incazelo elula yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani:
1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ngokuphelele (`i-anesthesia ejwayelekile`) noma indawo lapho ukuhlinzwa kuzokwenziwa khona kuphela ezoncishiswa izinombolo (`i-anesthesia yendawo`).
2. Udokotela ube esesika isikhumba esincane eduze kwebhande.
3. Ngaleyo ndlela, kungena umthambo wegazi omkhulu, njengomthambo we-subclavian, bese izintambo ziqondiswa ngokucophelela emakamelweni afanele enhliziyo.
4. Manje idivayisi ye-ICD (ingxenye encane efana nebhokisi) ibekwa endaweni encane eyenziwe ngaphansi kwesibazi sesikhumba.
5. Ngemuva kwalokho izintambo ezithunyelwa enhliziyweni zixhunywe kwi-ICD.
6. Uma konke lokhu sekuqediwe, hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi idivayisi nezintambo zisebenza kahle yini.
7. Uma konke kulungile, ukunqunywa esikhumbeni kuthungwa kuvaliwe.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu?
Inzuzo eyinhloko
Inzuzo enkulu neyodwa yalokhu yikhono lokusindisa izimpilo .
Kalula nje, le divayisi encane ingavimbela ukufa okuzumayo ngenxa yesigqi senhliziyo esiyingozi. Ingaqopha futhi ulwazi mayelana nokusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho futhi isize udokotela wakho ukuthi enze izinqumo zokwelashwa.
Izingozi nezinkinga
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile, kodwa lezi ngokuvamile azivamile.
| Ingozi/Inkinga | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukopha noma ukudumba | Kungenzeka endaweni yokuhlinzwa. |
| Izifo | Ukutheleleka kokusikwa noma ukutheleleka kwedivayisi. |
| Izinkinga zamaphaphu (i-Pneumothorax) | Kukhona ingozi encane kakhulu yokulimala kwamaphaphu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukunyakaza kwedivayisi noma ucingo | Kungenzeka ukuthi idivayisi noma ucingo olufakiwe luhambe lusuka endaweni oluhloselwe yona. |
| Ukushaqeka kukagesi okungafanele | Ukushaqeka kulethwa ngenxa yesinye isigqi senhliziyo esingasongeli impilo. |
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele uma uhlala ne-ICD
Ngemva kokufakelwa i-ICD, ungaphila impilo yakho ngendlela evamile. Kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uziqaphele.
Kuzwakala kanjani ukushaqeka okuvela kwi-ICD?
Amandla okushaqeka kukagesi angahluka. Ukushaqeka okunamandla amancane kungase kuzwakale njengokushaqeka okuncane esifubeni. Ukushaqeka okunamandla aphezulu kungase kuzwakale njengokushaqeka kwesikhashana esifubeni.
Esikhathini esiningi, ukushaqeka okukodwa kuzobuyisela isigqi senhliziyo. Kodwa uma uthola ukushaqeka, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani.
Hlala kude nalezi zinto.
Amasimu kazibuthe anamandla kanye namadivayisi athile obuchwepheshe angaphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-ICD, ngakho-ke qaphela ngalezi zinto.
| Izinto okufanele uzigweme noma okufanele uziqaphele | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Amasimu kazibuthe anamandla | Imishini ye-MRI, omaginethi abakhulu abaphakamisa izimoto, izikhulumi ze-stereo ezinamandla, njll. Qiniseka ukuthi ubatshela ukuthi une-ICD ngaphambi kokwenza i-MRI scan. |
| Amafoni Eselula | Gcina ifoni yakho okungenani amasentimitha angu-1.5 ukusuka endaweni yokufakelwa kwe-ICD. Ungayifaki ephaketheni lehembe lakho kulolo hlangothi. |
| Izinhlelo zokuphepha | Ungahlali isikhathi eside eduze kwezinhlelo zokulwa nokwebiwa ezitolo noma eduze kwemishini yokuhlola insimbi ezikhumulweni zezindiza. Zihlole ngokushesha. |
| Eminye imishini | Gwema ukusondela emishinini yokushisela ye-arc, ocingweni lukagesi, kanye nezintambo zokugxuma zebhethri lemoto. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Hlala uphethe ikhadi esikhwameni sakho elichaza ukuthi une-ICD. Lizobaluleka kakhulu uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo.
Kunini lapho udinga ukukhuluma nodokotela?
Kwezinye izimo, udinga ukuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka: Uma kukhona igazi noma ubomvu obuphuma endaweni yokuhlinzwa, uma indawo ibomvu futhi ivuvukele, uma unomkhuhlane noma ukubanda, noma uma ubuhlungu buba bubi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho.
- Ukushaqeka: Uma uhlangabezana nokushaqeka okuningi ngesikhathi esifushane, kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
Ibhethri le-ICD lihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Ibhethri ku-ICD ivame ukuhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-7. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungahluka kuye ngenani lokushaqeka okutholayo. Udokotela wakho uzohlola i-ICD yakho njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3-6 ukuze ahlole isimo sebhethri. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emtholampilo ngesikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ICD iyithuluzi elincane, elisindisa impilo elilawula izigqi zenhliziyo eziyingozi futhi livimbele ukufa okuzumayo.
- Nakuba lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuphephile, khumbula ukuthi, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile.
- Uma uhlala ne-ICD, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema amasimu kazibuthe anamandla kanye namadivayisi athile kagesi.
- Njalo phatha umazisi okhombisa ukuthi une-ICD.
- Uma uthola ukushaqeka okuvela ku-ICD, noma uma uba nezimpawu zokutheleleka endaweni yokuhlinzwa, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Kuphoqelekile ukuvakashela imitholampilo yezokwelapha ngezikhathi ezihleliwe bese uhlolwa i-ICD.
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