Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ungenampilo ngaphandle kwesizathu? Noma ingabe unemisipha ebuhlungu kanye nokuqaqamba emilenzeni yakho ngisho noma umi nje? Sivame ukukhohlwa ngalezi zinto, sicabanga ukuthi zivamile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nenkinga yempilo ngemuva kwalezi zimpawu ezincane esingenakuzibona. Enye yezinkinga ezinjalo ukwehla kwezinga le-potassium, iminerali ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-hypokalemia . Ungesabi uma uzwa igama. Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-hypokalemia?
Cabanga ngemizimba yethu njengomshini oyinkimbinkimbi osebenza ngebhethri. Lo mshini udinga ugesi ukuze usebenze kahle. Ngokufanayo, i-potassium ibalulekile kumaseli, imizwa, imisipha, futhi ikakhulukazi inhliziyo yethu ukuze isebenze kahle.
I-Potassium iyi- electrolyte . Okusho ukuthi, iyiminerali, lapho ihlanganiswa noketshezi olufana namanzi emizimbeni yethu, edala ukushaja okuncane kukagesi. Lezi zimpawu zikagesi yizo ezisiza imizwa yethu ukuthi ithumele imiyalezo, imisipha ifinyele (icindezele), futhi inhliziyo yethu ishaye ngesigqi esifanele.
Ngokuvamile, izinga le-potassium egazini lomuntu omdala onempilo kufanele libe phakathi kwama-millimole angu-3.5 no-5.2 ngelitha (mmol/L). Uma leli zinga lehla ngaphansi kuka-3.5 nganoma yisiphi isizathu, silibiza ngokuthi i-hypokalemia. Uma leli nani lehla ngaphansi kuka-3.0, silibheka njengesimo esibucayi kancane.
Imizimba yethu ithola i-potassium eyidingayo ekudleni esikudlayo. Izinso zethu zihlunga i-potassium eningi ngomchamo, zigcine izinga elifanele lemizimba yethu. Kodwa izinkinga ziqala lapho lokhu kulinganisela kuphazamiseka.
Kungani imizimba yethu ilahlekelwa yi-potassium? Yiziphi izizathu?
Asikho isizathu esisodwa sokuba ne-potassium ephansi, kodwa izizathu eziningi zingayithinta. Ezimweni eziningi, isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukukhipha i-potassium ngokweqile ngendlela yokugaya ukudla (amathumbu). Kodwa kunezinye izizathu ngaphezu kwalokho. Ake sibone ukuthi lezi zizathu ziyini ngokusobala ngosizo lwethebula.
| Isigaba lapho isizathu singesaso | Incazelo nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Phuma emseleni wokudla | Ukuhlanza njalo, uhudo oluqhubekayo (ukuhamba kwamathumbu okukhululekile), noma ukusebenzisa ngokweqile imithi yokuhlanza ( imithi yokuhlanza ) kungabangela ukulahleka kwe-potassium eningi emzimbeni. |
| Eminye imithi | Eminye imithi yokukhipha isisu, ikakhulukazi leyo esetshenziselwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ingabangela ukuthi i-potassium eningi ikhishwe emchameni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithi efana ne-insulin, eminye imithi ye-asthma, kanye ne-corticosteroids nayo ingaba nomthelela. |
| Izifo zezinso | Izimo zezinso ezingavamile zofuzo njengesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona kanye ne-Bartter's syndrome zibangela ukuthi izinso zingakwazi ukulawula i-potassium kahle. |
| Indlela yokuphila nezinye izizathu | Izinkinga zokudla ezifana nokujuluka ngokweqile (i-hyperhidrosis), ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile, kanye ne-bulimia nervosa. |
| Ama-hormone nezinye izifo | Izifo ze-adrenal gland ezifana ne-Cushing's syndrome kanye namazinga aphansi e-magnesium emzimbeni (i-hypomagnesemia) nazo zingabangela amazinga aphansi e-potassium. |
| Ukudla | Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa kungenzeka kumuntu ongakaze adle ukudla okuqukethe i-potassium isikhathi eside. |
Ziyini izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-potassium?
Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi amazinga akho e-potassium aphansi kangakanani. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma amazinga akho e-potassium ephansi kancane, ungase ungabi nazo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amazinga ehla, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela.
Uma amazinga e-potassium ephansi kancane (i-Mild Hypokalemia)
Izimpawu ezivamile ezingabonakala ngalesi sikhathi yilezi:
- Ukuqunjelwa:Ukuqunjelwa kungenzeka ngenxa yokusebenza kabi kwamathumbu.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Ungase uzizwe inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha noma ngokushesha, noma isigqi sakho singashintsha.
- Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani.
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokuqaqamba: Izitho zomzimba zizizwa zingenampilo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi imisipha inganyakazisa sengathi kuphonswa ibhola.
- Ukuqaqamba nokungazweli: Ungase uzwe umuzwa wokuqaqamba emilenzeni yakho.
Uma amazinga e-potassium ephansi kakhulu (i-Severe Hypokalemia)
Lesi yisimo esidinga ukuqaphela okuthile. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. Izimpawu ezintsha zingase zivele.
- Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha nokuqaqamba: Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha njalo nobuhlungu.
- Ukukhubazeka: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukusebenza kwemisipha kungase kume ngokuphelele, okuholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi ukukhubazeka.
- Ukucindezeleka Okuphansi Kwegazi: Umfutho wegazi ophansi ungabangela isiyezi noma ikhanda elibuthakathaka lapho umi ngezinyawo.
- Ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwesigqi senhliziyo (i-Arrhythmias): Kungaba khona izigqi zenhliziyo ezingavamile ezingasongela impilo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka komsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
- Ukuchama njalo (i-Polyuria) kanye nokoma ngokweqile (i-Polydipsia): Ukuchama njalo kwenzeka ngoba izinso azikwazi ukugxilisa umchamo, okuholela ekomeni ngokweqile.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yakho noma ubuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha, ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma uya kudokotela wakho, uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, akuhlole, bese eyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuthola imbangela ye-hypokalemia yakho.
1. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Kuthathwa isampula yegazi lakho bese kulinganiswa izinga eliqondile le-potassium. Kubuye kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwezinso kanye nokulinganisela kwamanye ama-electrolyte emzimbeni.
2. Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Uma imbangela ye-potassium ephansi ingacaci, ukuhlolwa komchamo kungenziwa ukuze kulinganiswe inani le-potassium emchameni wakho. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi izinso zakho zikhipha i-potassium eningi noma kukhona enye imbangela.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram):Njengoba amazinga aphansi e-potassium ethinta ngqo umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo, udokotela unquma futhi ukuthatha i-ECG ukuze ahlole noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka ekushayweni kwenhliziyo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni izinga lakho le-potassium liphansi kangakanani kanye nobunzima bezimpawu zakho.
- Uma isimo singesibi kakhulu: Uma izinga lakho le-potassium liphansi kancane, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza izithasiselo ze-potassium okufanele uzithathe ngomlomo. Uzokweluleka nokuthi udle ukudla okuningi okune-potassium eningi.
- Uma isimo sibi kakhulu: Kodwa-ke, uma izinga lakho le-potassium liphansi kakhulu, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho liyathinteka, noma uma imithi yomlomo ingakwazi ukubuyisela izinga lakho esimweni esijwayelekile, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela. Lapho, kungadingeka ukuthi unikezwe i-potassium ngemithambo yegazi kanye ne-saline . Lokhu kungabuyisela izinga lakho le-potassium esimweni esijwayelekile ngokushesha nangokuphephile.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele amazinga e-potassium ngenkathi uwalungisa. Isibonelo, uma inkinga ibangelwa umuthi wokukhipha isisu owuthathayo, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukushintsha lowo muthi noma ukukunikeza izithasiselo ze-potassium.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sivimbele ukuntuleka kwe-potassium?
Into engcono kakhulu okufanele siyenze ukuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singabi khona. Into elula nengcono kakhulu esingayenzela lokho ukufaka ukudla okune-potassium eningi ekudleni kwethu kwansuku zonke.
Nazi ezinye zokudla ezicebile nge-potassium:
- Izithelo: Ubhanana, i-avokhado, i-orenji, i-tangerine, i-pomegranate, amagilebhisi omisiwe
- Imifino: Amazambane, ubhatata, utamatisi, isipinashi, i-kale, i-broccoli, i-beetroot
- Imifino: ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi
- Okunye: Ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi (iyogathi), inhlanzi (ikakhulukazi i-salmon, i-trout), amantongomane
Lesi sidingo singafezwa ngokufaka njalo isaladi likabhanana, i-orenji, noma i-gourd ekudleni kwethu okuvamile.
Futhi, uma uhlanza njalo noma uhudo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili, ungahlali ekhaya ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Lesi simo singavela uma kulahleka inani elikhulu le-potassium emzimbeni kanye noketshezi. Uma ufuna ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi, ungavimbela izinkinga ezinjalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hypokalemia yisimo lapho izinga le-potassium egazini lehla ngaphansi kwezinga elidingekayo. Lokhu kungathinta ngqo ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yethu, imisipha kanye nezinzwa.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okungachazeki, ukudikiza kwemisipha, ukuba ndikindiki, noma ukuqunjelwa, ziqaphele. Ungazinaki.
- Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, uhudo, imithi ethile (ikakhulukazi amaphilisi oketshezi), kanye nesifo sezinso kungaba yizimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu.
- Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa amaphilisi e-potassium noma, uma kudingeka, i-potassium efakwa emthanjeni. Kubalulekile futhi ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko.
- Faka ukudla okucebile nge-potassium njengobhanana, u-avokhado, isipinashi, utamatisi, nama-orenji ekudleni kwakho njalo. Uma uhlanza noma uhudo oluhlala amahora angaphezu kwangu-24-48, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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