Wake wezwa iqhubu endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho, mhlawumbe entanyeni yakho, emakhwapheni, noma embotsheni, udokotela walibiza ngokuthi 'iqhubu'? Lapho ekutshela ukuthi kudingeka kuthathwe ingxenye encane yalo ukuze ihlolwe, okungukuthi, 'i-biopsy', wazizwa wesaba futhi wethukile kancane? Lokho kuyinto evamile kakhulu. Uma uzwa igama elithi "biopsy," abaningi bethu bacabanga ngomdlavuza. Kodwa akuwona wonke ama-biopsy enzelwa ukubheka umdlavuza. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe kalula ngokuthi i-nodule biopsy iyini, ukuthi yenziwa kanjani, ukuthi yenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kuyinto okufanele uyesabe.
Kuyini ngempela i-lymph node biopsy?
Ngaphambi kokuba sikuqonde lokhu, ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi "zinhlayiya ze-lymph". Ake sithi sinesimiso sokuzivikela ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Lesi simiso sokuzivikela sinamasango amancane. Lawo masango abizwa ngokuthi ama-lymph node. Lawa afana namathambo, asukela ngobukhulu bephizi kuya kubukhulu bebhola elincane, futhi asakazeke kuyo yonke imizimba yethu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana nentamo, emakhwapheni, emisipheni, esifubeni nasesiswini.
Uketshezi olunamanzi oluvela emaseli nasezicutshini zomzimba wethu (esilubiza ngokuthi uketshezi lwe-lymph) ludlula kulezi zindawo zokuhlola, noma i-cilia. Njengoba ludlula, uma kukhona amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, noma amangqamuzana omdlavuza kulolo ketshezi oluyingozi emzimbeni, lezi zindawo zokuhlola, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-cilia, ziyazibamba futhi zizivalele kude. Kufana nesihlungi.
Manje cishe uyaqonda ukuthi kungani izindlala entanyeni yethu zivuvukala uma sinomkhuhlane noma isifo somphimbo. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi zilwa namagciwane.
Kulungile, kuyini i -biopsy ? Kalula nje, i-biopsy iwukususwa kwayo yonke noma ingxenye encane yezicubu eqhubu bese iyithumela elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa yisazi sezifo, udokotela ogxile ekuhloleni izicubu. Uzobheka izicubu bese enquma ukuthi kukhona yini amaseli angajwayelekile, izifo, noma amaseli omdlavuza kuzo.
Udokotela uncoma nini ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa?
Uma udokotela ephakamisa ukuthi wenze i-biopsy, kungaba nezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Uma usola umdlavuza, qinisekisa lokho bese uhlola ukuthi awusabalali yini: Ngezinye izikhathi umdlavuza uqala kuma-lymph node. Isibonelo , i-lymphoma.Uhlobo lomdlavuza olubizwa ngokuthi. Noma, umdlavuza okwenye ingxenye yomzimba (njengebele noma amaphaphu) ungasakazekela kuma-lymph node. Ngakho-ke i-biopsy ingasho ngqo ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza ku-lymph node, uma kunjalo, uhlobo luni lomdlavuza, nokuthi ususakazeke kangakanani (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isigaba somdlavuza). Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa lolu lwazi ukunquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
2. Uma iqhubu livuvukele ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo: Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, amaqhubu angavuvukala ngenxa yezifo ezivamile njengomkhuhlane kanye ne-flu. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuvukala kuvame ukwehla phakathi nesonto noma amabili uma ukugula sekuphelile. Kodwa-ke, uma iqhubu liqhubeka nokuvuvukala ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, noma uma likhula, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi kwenziwe i-biopsy ukuze athole imbangela. Kungaba ukutheleleka okukhulu (njengesifo sofuba), noma isifo samasosha omzimba (njenge-sarcoidosis) .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungesabi ukuthi umdlavuza ngoba nje udokotela ethi akenze i-biopsy. Kwenzelwe ukususa noma yikuphi ukungabaza nokuxilonga lesi sifo ngokunembile.
Zikhona yini izinhlobo ze-biopsy? Ziyini?
Yebo, kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuthatha izicubu eqhubu. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nendawo yeqhubu lakho kanye nesifo okusolwa ukuthi unaso. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lwe-biopsy | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwenaliti | Kulokhu, izicubu zithathwa ngenaliti esikhundleni sokusika isikhumba. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezimbili zalokhu: - Ukufuthwa Kwenaliti Encane (i-FNA): Inaliti encane isetshenziselwa ukususa inani elincane lamaseli kanye noketshezi oluvela eqhubu. - I-Core Needle Biopsy: Ingcezu encane yezicubu ezisilinda isuswa kusetshenziswa inaliti ekhethekile, enkulu kancane. |
| Vula i-Biopsy | Le ndlela isetshenziswa uma ikhikhi lisendaweni engelula ukulithola ngenaliti. Lapha, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa okuncane, isikhumba siyasikwa, bese ikhikhi liyasuswa. - I- Excisional Biopsy: Isimila sonke siyasuswa. - I- Incisional Biopsy: Kusikwa ingxenye yesimila bese isuswa. |
| I-Biopsy ye-Sentinel Node | Lokhu kwenziwa ngqo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini. I-sentinel node iyi-node eseduze kakhulu nesimila emzimbeni, futhi iyasuswa bese ihlolwa. Uma ingenawo amangqamuzana omdlavuza, kungacatshangwa ukuthi umdlavuza awusabalele kwamanye ama-node. |
Lezi zibizwa futhi ngokwezindawo eziyinhloko lapho kutholakala khona izintuthwane.
Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela babiza i-biopsy ngokusekelwe lapho kwenziwa khona.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node ekhwapheni: Ukuhlola i-lymph node ekhwapheni.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node yomlomo wesibeletho (entanyeni): Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node entanyeni.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node ye-inguinal: Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node e-groin.
Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Ngemva kokuhlela usuku lokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo yokuthi ungayilungiselela kanjani futhi uzobuza nemibuzo embalwa.
Lokho okubuzwayo:
- Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo: imithi kadokotela, imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, amavithamini, imithi yendabuko, imithi ye-Ayurvedic, noma yini oyithathayo. Ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi ( njenge-Aspirin, i-Warfarin, i-Clopidogrel), qiniseka ukuthi uyabatshela.
- Mayelana nomlando wakho wezokwelapha: Kufanele wazi uma unezinkinga zokopha, ukungezwani komzimba nemithi yokubulala izinzwa (imithi ekwenza uzizwe ungenamizwa noma ulale), noma ukungezwani komzimba ne-latex. Kufanele usitshele nokuthi ukhulelwe noma ungase ukhulelwe.
Iseluleko sakho:
- Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi) ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze amahora amaningana ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kuzohluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-biopsy oluzokwenziwa kanye nohlobo lwe-anesthesia olusetshenziswayo.
- Ngemva kokuhlolwa, uzocelwa ukuthi ulethe othile ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kokubulala izinzwa, ungase ungakwazi ukushayela noma ukuba wedwa emahoreni okuqala angu-24. Okungenani ukuba nomuntu ozoduduza kuyinto enhle, akunjalo?
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-biopsy?
Lokhu akwesabisi njengoba ungase ucabange. Yilokhu okuvame ukwenzeka.
Uzolaliswa embhedeni egumbini lokuhlolwa. Ngemuva kwalokho uzonikezwa umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu . Uma inaliti iseduze nesikhumba, leyo ndawo kuphela ezoncipha (i-Local Anesthesia) . Uma inaliti ingaphakathi emzimbeni, uzolaliswa (i-General Anesthesia) .
Ngemva kokuba uzizwe ungaphilile kahle, ngemva kokuba ulele, Dokotela:
1. Thola indawo eqondile yesimila: Ngezinye izikhathi singatholakala ngokusithinta ngesandla sakho. Uma lokho kungenzeki, kusetshenziswa isikeni (i-Ultrasound, i-CT scan) ukumaka indawo eqondile.
2. Ukuthola isampula yezicubu: Ingxenye noma lonke isimila lisuswa kusetshenziswa indlela ekhethiwe ye-biopsy (kusetshenziswa i-scalpel noma i-incision encane).
3. Ukuvala inxeba: Uma kwakuyi-biopsy yenaliti, kungafakwa i-plaster encane. Uma kwakuyi-biopsy evulekile, i-incision izovalwa nge-stitches bese kufakwa ibhandishi. Eminye i-stitches iyancibilika yodwa, kanti eminye idinga ukubuya kudokotela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ukuze isuswe.
Ingabe lokhu kubuhlungu? Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani?
Uma umuthi wokubulala izinhlungu ujovwa, uzozwa umuzwa omncane wokuhlaba nokusha. Kodwa kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela. Ngemva kwalokho , ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy . Ngemva kwenqubo, ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile njengoba ukhilimu wokubulala izinhlungu uphela. Lokhu kungelashwa ngomuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu onikezwe udokotela wakho.
Ukuhlolwa kwenaliti kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10-30 kuphela. Ukuhlolwa okuvulekile kungathatha imizuzu engama-45.
Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlolwa?
Ngokuvamile, i-biopsy inqubo yokulaliswa esibhedlela , okusho ukuthi ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku.
Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzohlola izimpawu zakho zokuphila futhi akunike imiyalelo yokuthi ungalinakekela kanjani inxeba lakho.
- Ukwelashwa okuvamile kwenxeba: Kujwayelekile ukuthi inxeba liphume igazi kancane, indawo ivuvuke, iphenduke ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi libe nobuhlungu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala.
- Indlela yokugcina inxeba lihlanzekile: Ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka, ungase ucelwe ukuba ugweme ukugeza noma ukusebenzisa ama-hot tub izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Indlela yokunciphisa imisebenzi yakho: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa izinsimbi nokwenza ukuzivocavoca okunzima izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngokulimala ngaphambi kokuba uhambe, babuze konke futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyazi kahle ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze.
Ingabe kukhona izingozi kulokhu?
Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu.Kodwa njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane ezingavela kaningi.
| Ingozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka | Lokhu kuyinto engavamile, futhi uma kwenzeka, kungelashwa ngama-antibiotic. |
| Ukopha | Uma inxeba liqhubeka nokopha noma kwakheka ihlule legazi elikhulu, kufanele utshele udokotela . |
| Ukuba ndikindiki | Uma inzwa eseduze yonakele kancane ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezicubu, ungase uzwe ukungabi namizwa endaweni ethile. Lokhu kuvame ukuxazululeka phakathi nenyanga noma ezimbili. |
| Ukuvuvukala (i-Lymphedema) | Ukususa ama-cyst kungavimba ukugeleza koketshezi lwe-lymph futhi kubangele ukuvuvukala endaweni. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kususwa i-cyst eyodwa noma ezimbalwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy, le ngozi iphansi kakhulu. |
Uthini umbiko? Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuwuthola?
Umbiko we-biopsy ukutshela ukuthi ingxenye yezicubu ezihlolwe ilungile noma ayilungile yini ngesifo esithile.
Isibonelo, uma umbiko ubonisa ukuthi kukhona amangqamuzana omdlavuza esithweni sangasese. Udokotela uzobe esephenya kabanzi ukuze abone ukuthi umdlavuza uqale esithweni sangasese noma uvela kwenye indawo. Imiphumela yombiko izonquma izinyathelo zakho ezilandelayo.
Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze umbiko ubuye singahluka. Ngezinye izikhathi imiphumela inganikezwa ngosuku olufanayo . Ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa komdlavuza, umbiko ungasetshenziswa ukunquma ukuthi kufanele kususwe yini izicubu ezengeziwe ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngokuvamile, umbiko ubuya.Kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi uzowuthola nini umbiko wakho nokuthi uzowuthola kanjani (kungaba ngocingo noma uma ubuyela emtholampilo).
Ngingambiza nini udokotela futhi?
Kwabaningi abantu, inxeba liyaphola ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezansi, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unokungabaza noma ukukhathazeka, ungacabangi kabili ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka:
- Uma uzizwa sengathi unomkhuhlane kanye nokubanda.
- Uma ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, kanye nokubomvu endaweni yenxeba kukhuphuka.
- Uma uketshezi oluphuzi noma olunuka kabi luphuma esilondeni.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, wesaba, futhi ungaqiniseki lapho uthola ukuthi uzokwenza i-biopsy. Ungase ube nesifiso sokwenza ngokushesha, uthole imiphumela, bese udlula kukho. Kodwa khumbula, lokhu kuhlolwa kungaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa noma kukunikeze impumuzo ekwesabeni okukhulu obekunakho. Kodwa-ke, ulwazi oluthola kulokhu kuhlolwa lubalulekile empilweni yakho nasesikhathini esizayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy akuyona indlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa, kodwa kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ephephile yokuhlola isifo ngokunembile.
- Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu ngenkathi wenza lokhu ngoba kuba ndikindiki. Noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki okuncane okuza ngemva kwalokho kungalawulwa ngamaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, ukungezwani komzimba, kanye nezimo zezokwelapha onazo.
- Buza ukuthi ungalinakekela kanjani inxeba ngemva kokuhlolwa nokuthi yiziphi izinto okufanele uziqaphele.
- Uma ubona noma yini efana nomkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, noma ubomvu obuphuma esilondeni, ungakushayi indiva bese wazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ungesabi ukucabanga ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kuwumdlavuza ngoba nje utshelwe ukuthi ukwenze. Kungaba nje ukuhlolwa kokususa izinsolo.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment