Ingabe kukhona inkinga ngamaseli e-lymph emzimbeni wakho? Ake sixoxe ngezinkinga ze-Lymphoproliferative (LPDs)!

Wake wezwa ukuthi kunamasosha amancane emizimbeni yethu asivikela ezifweni? Lawo masosha abizwa ngokuthi amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe. Phakathi kwalawa mangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte . Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukugcina amasosha ethu omzimba eqinile ngokulwa nezitha ezifana namagciwane namagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu, ngisho nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lawa ma-lymphocyte ayayeka ukusebenza kahle, noma aqala ukwanda kakhulu. Yilapho-ke sibiza iqembu lezifo ngokuthi i-Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs) . Lesi yisimo esingavamile. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, akunjalo?

Ziyini Izinkinga Ze-Lymphoproliferative (LPDs)? Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo?

Kalula nje, ama-LPD ayiqembu lezifo ezenzeka lapho amangqamuzana ethu e-lymph, abizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte, engasebenzi kahle noma ekhula ngokungalawuleki. Lawa angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko.

1. Ama-LPD (Izinkinga Zokuzivikela Emzimbeni) ahlobene nesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela

Lezi zinhlobo zama-LPD ziphazamisa indlela amasosha omzimba wethu asabela ngayo kubahlaseli bakwamanye amazwe. Abantu abanalezi zimo basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza ofana ne -lymphoma .

• Isifo se-lymphoproliferative esixhumene ne-X (XLP): Uma umuntu onalesi simo etheleleke ngegciwane le-Epstein-Barr , singaqhubekela phambili sibe yi-lymphoma.
• I-Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho inani elikhulu lama-lymphocyte liqongelela ezindaweni ezifana nama-lymph node ethu, u-spleen, nesibindi, okubangela ukuthi lezo zitho zivuvuke. Kufana nokuthi amangqamuzana ethu aqoqana ezindaweni ezingalawuleki.
• Izinkinga ze-lymphoproliferative emva kokufakelwa (i-PTLD): Lesi yisimo esingavamile kodwa esibucayi. Singenzeka ngemva kokufakelwa isitho (isib. izinso, isibindi) noma ukufakelwa i-stem cell ye-allogeneic . Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma wena noma umuntu onikele ngesitho noma amaseli e-stem etheleleke ngegciwane le-Epstein-Barr, elithinta amaseli e-B.

2. Umdlavuza Wegazi We-Lymphoid

Lezi yizifo ezimbi kakhulu esivame ukuzwa ngazo, njenge -Leukemia kanye ne-Lymphoma . Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi emnkantsheni wethu nasegazini, okungukuthi amaseli e-B, amaseli e-T kanye namaseli okubulala emvelo (amaseli e-NK), ayalimala.Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, amangqamuzana angajwayelekile aphindaphindeka ngendlela engalawuleki. Lawa maseli angajwayelekile acindezela amangqamuzana egazi anempilo. Nakuba lawa ngezinye izikhathi engelapheka, ayizifo ezimbi kakhulu ezingaba yingozi empilweni.

Umdlavuza ohlobene namaseli e-B

Ezinye izinhlobo ze -non-Hodgkin lymphomas eziwela kulesi sigaba yilezi:

• Ukusabalalisa i-lymphoma enkulu ye-B-cell
• I-follicular lymphoma
• I-Mantle cell lymphoma

Kukhona nezinhlobo ze-B-cell leukemia:

• I-Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): Lapha, ama-B-cell ajwayelekile emnkantsheni wamathambo ayanda kakhulu, aminyanise amaseli egazi anempilo nama-platelet.
• I-B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia: Nalapha futhi, ama-B-cell angajwayelekile ayakheka emnkantsheni wamathambo, aminyanise amaseli anempilo.
• I-leukemia yamangqamuzana anoboya: Njengoba igama lisho, lawa maseli amhlophe egazi angajwayelekile aqanjwa ngoba abukeka njengezinwele uma ebhekwa nge-microscope. Akha futhi emnkantsheni wamathambo futhi aphindaphindeke kakhulu.

Umdlavuza ohlobene namaseli e-T

Izinkinga ezihlobene namaseli e-T zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezimbili:

• Ama-lymphoma e-T-cell ajwayelekile: Lawa angathinta ama-lymph node akho, i-spleen, umnkantsha wamathambo, igazi, nezinye izitho zomzimba.
• Ama-lymphoma e-T-cell cutaneous: Lawa athinta kakhulu isikhumba, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi angathinta ama-lymph node, igazi, umongo wamathambo, kanye nezitho zangaphakathi.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-lymphoma e-T-cell ajwayelekile. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, engachazwanga ngenye indlela (i-PTCL NOS)
• I-Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL)
• I-Anaplastic large cell lymphoma

Kukhona nezinhlobo ezingavamile:

• I-Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL)
• I-T-cell lymphoma (EATL) ehlobene ne-Enteropathy

Amanye ama-lymphoma e-T-cell ajwayelekile abizwa nangokuthi ama-leukemia e-T-cell angamahlalakhona . Izibonelo:

• I-T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL)
• I-T-cell enkulu ye-granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGL)

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-cutaneous T-cell lymphoma:

• I-Mycosis fungoides
• Isifo sikaSézary

Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-NK-cell

Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu futhi kuthinta amaseli e-NK.

• Uhlobo lwe-lymphoma ye-Extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma ekhaleni
• I-Aggressive NK-cell leukemia (AKNL)
• I-leukemia enkulu ye-granular lymphocytic lymphocytic (NK-LGL)

Manje usuyabona ukuthi kunezimo eziningi ezahlukene ngaphansi kwama-LPD. Akudingeki wazi ngokujulile ngazo zonke, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi simo sikhona.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-LPD? Uzibona kanjani?

Izimpawu zala ma-LPD zingahluka kakhulu, kuye ngohlobo lwe-LPD onalo. Kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile ongase uzibone. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Ukujuluka ngokweqile ebusuku: Akugcini nje ngokujuluka, kodwa nokujuluka kakhulu kangangokuthi amashidi athola amanzi.
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele, isibindi, noma udende: Uma ubona amaqhubu ezindaweni ezifana nentamo, emakhwapheni, noma embotsheni, noma uma unokuvuvukala okungavamile esiswini sakho, kufanele ukhathazeke.
• Ukopha nokulimaza okungajwayelekile noma okweqile: Uma wopha kakhulu ngisho noma ulimale kancane, noma uma unemivimbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezindaweni ezithile emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukukhathala okuvamile: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani.
• Umkhuhlane ovamile: Uma unomkhuhlane oqhubekayo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukutheleleka njalo ngegciwane: Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamandla omzimba, ungase uvame ukuba nezifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane.
• I-Anorexia: Umuzwa wokungafuni ukudla.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki: Uma wehlisa isisindo ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukudla noma ukuzivocavoca, lokho futhi kuyisibonakaliso okufanele usiqaphele.

Okubalulekile: Ungesabi uma unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Zingabangelwa nezinye izimbangela ezilula. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kuhlale kungumqondo omuhle ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-LPD?

Kunzima ukukhomba imbangela eyodwa yama-LPD amaningi, kodwa izici ezahlukahlukene zingaba nomthelela.

• Ukutheleleka: Ezinye izinhlobo zama-LPD zingabangelwa ukutheleleka okufana negciwane le-Epstein-Barr noma i-H. pylori bacteria . Cabanga nje, lezi zinhlobo zamagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu ziphazamisa uhlelo lwethu lwamaseli.
• Izifo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba: I-rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupusAbantu abanezifo ezithile basengozini yokuthola izinhlobo ezithile ze-LPD (isb. ama-lymphoma ase-marginal zone). Yilapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela khona amangqamuzana ethu.
• Imithi: Eminye imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba (isib., imithi enikezwa ukucindezela amasosha omzimba ngemva kokufakelwa isitho) ingabangela izimo ezifana ne-hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma.
• Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile: Akuvamile ukuthi uthole ifa lokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okubangela lolu hlobo lwe-LPD. Isibonelo, abantu abane-X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP) banezinguquko ezakhiweni ezimbili. Lokhu kubenza babe namathuba amaningi okusabela ngendlela engajwayelekile egciwaneni le-Epstein-Barr futhi bathuthukise i-lymphoma. Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuthinta ukukhula kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi nakho kuhlotshaniswa ne-lymphoma kanye ne-leukemia.

Odokotela bawaxilonga kanjani ama-LPD? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ngenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-LPD, lapho bethola isifo, odokotela baqala ngokubheka ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-LPD olubangela izimpawu zakho.

Ukuze enze lokhu, udokotela uzocabangela izimpawu zakho, njenge-lymph nodes evuvukele, izimpawu zokuthi isibindi sakho noma i-spleen zikhulu kunokuvamile, futhi abuze ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha wangaphambilini nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezimo ezifanayo.

Ngemuva kwalokho kungenzeka ukwenza izivivinyo ezinjengalezi:

• I-Biopsy: Kungenziwa i-bone marrow biopsy ukuze kubhekwe izimpawu zomdlavuza wegazi njenge-leukemia noma i-lymphoma. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane ye-bone marrow bese uyihlola. Ngezinye izikhathi kungathathwa ucezu oluncane lwe-lymph node evuvukele.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Inani eliphelele legazi (i-CBC) , iphaneli ephelele ye-metabolic (i-CMP) , ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody ye-Epstein-Barr, ukuhlolwa kwe-hepatitis, ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV, ukuhlolwa kwe -Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) , njll. Lokhu kungakutshela okuningi mayelana nezinguquko kumaseli egazi, izifo, kanye nokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana nokuskena kwe-computed tomography (CT) kanye nokuskena kwe-positron emission tomography (PET) kungenziwa. Lokhu kungabheka izinto ezifana nezitho zomzimba ngaphakathi komzimba, isimo sama-lymph node, nokuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asakazeke yini. Kufana nokuthatha isithombe sengaphakathi lomzimba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu: Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okufana ne-flow cytometry kungasiza ekuboneni uhlobo oluthile lwe-LPD.

Iphathwa kanjani i-LPD?

Ukwelashwa kwama-LPD kuncike ohlotsheni oluthile lwe-LPD onalo. Akuwona wonke umuntu othola ukwelashwa okufanayo. Isibonelo, uma une-leukemia noma i-lymphoma, ungase uthole ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Imithi enikezwa ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Immunotherapy: Ukwelashwa okuvuselela amasosha omzimba wakho ukulwa namaseli omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kusetshenziswa imisebe enamandla aphezulu.
• Ukufakelwa kweseli lesiqu (umnkantsha wamathambo): Ukufakelwa kwamaseli esiqu aphilile ukuze kufakwe umnkantsha wamathambo owonakele.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Imithi eqondisa ama-molecule athile asiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuba akhule futhi asinde.

Khumbula, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Uyayazi kangcono isimo sakho.

Kunjani okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu one-LPD? Ingabe kuyelapheka?

Lo mbuzo kunzima ukuwuphendula ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-LPD, futhi izinto eziningi ezifana nempilo yakho, ubudala, kanye nesigaba sesifo zingathinta umphumela.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-LPD zingelapheka ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, i-chemo-immunotherapy ingelapha ezinye izinhlobo ze-lymphoma, njenge-large B-cell lymphoma kanye ne-Burkitt lymphoma. Umuntu one-X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder (XLP) angelapheka ngokufakelwa i-stem cell.

Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa kungenza amanye ama-lymphoma akhululeke , okusho ukuthi izimpawu ziyanyamalala futhi ukuhlolwa akusakwazi ukubona lesi sifo. Kodwa lesi sifo asilapheki ngokuphelele. Amanye ama-LPD angabuya ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa.

Uma une-LPD, cishe uyazibuza ukuthi ingabe iyelapheka nokuthi ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani. Indawo engcono kakhulu yokuthola ulwazi ngalokhu ivela kudokotela wakho. Uyakwazi kangcono wena nesimo sakho. Ngakho ungesabi ukumbuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani? (Ukuzinakekela)

Ama-LPD ayizimo zezokwelapha ezimbi kakhulu. Nakuba ukwelashwa kunganciphisa izimpawu futhi kuholele ekwelapheni, ungase ubhekane nezinselele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso ezingakusiza:

• Buza ngokunakekelwa kobuhlungu: Umuntu one-LPD angadinga usizo lokulawula izimpawu nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa. Ukunakekelwa kobuhlungu uhlobo olukhethekile lokunakekelwa olusiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila komuntu nokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokunye ukungakhululeki, kunokuzama ukwelapha lesi sifo. Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kobuhlungu lingakunikeza iseluleko esihle.
• Yidla kahle: Ungase ulahlekelwe yisifiso sokudla uma ugula noma uthola ukwelashwa. Uma kunjalo, xhumana nochwepheshe wezokudla . Uzokweluleka ngokudla neziphuzo ezifanele.
• Thola ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca okulula kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka okubangelwa ukugula okungathí sina. Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo olusha lokuzivocavoca.
• Zivikele ezifweni: Amasosha omzimba wakho angase abe buthaka ngenxa yokugula noma ukwelashwa. Ngakho buza udokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuvimbela ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Ukugwema izindawo ezinabantu abaningi nokugeza izandla zakho njalo kubalulekile.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma welashwa nge-LPD, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi isimo sakho siya siba sibi kakhulu (isib., umkhuhlane oqhubekayo) ukuze wazi ukuthi kufanele uxhumane naye nini.

Uma udokotela esebenzisa igama lezokwelapha elithi “lymphoproliferation” noma “izifo ze-lymphoproliferative (LPDs),” bakhuluma ngeqembu lezifo ezihilela amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi athile angathinta amasosha omzimba wakho noma abe ngumdlavuza.

Uma unesimo esifana nalesi, ungase ube nesithakazelo esikhulu sokwazi imininingwane yesimo sakho kunegama lezokwelapha. Kodwa uma ugula, ulwazi lungamandla. Kulokhu, ukwazi incazelo yegama kungakusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho.

Isibonelo, ama-LPD anezimpawu kanye nokwelashwa okuvamile. Kodwa awafani wonke. Futhi, okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kungase kuhluke kokwabanye abantu. Uma udokotela wakho esebenzisa igama elithi "lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD), cela imininingwane eyengeziwe ngesimo sakho esithile. Bazokujabulela ukuphendula imibuzo yakho.

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya:

Izinkinga ze-Lymphoproliferative (LPDs) ziyiqembu lezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezingaba zimbi kakhulu ezibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini wama-lymphocyte, amangqamuzana okuzivikela omzimba wethu.

• Qaphela izimpawu: Ungabi yisivila uma unomkhuhlane oqhubekayo, ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukwehla kwesisindo, noma ama-lymph node avuvukele.
• Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha: Uma ungabaza, bona udokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ahlolwe. Uma lesi sifo sitholakala ngokushesha, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ukwelashwa kuphumelele.
• Akuwona wonke ama-LPD afanayo: kunezinhlobo ezahlukene, futhi ngayinye inezindlela zokwelapha ezihlukile. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okukulungele.
• Awuwedwa: ​​Uma ubhekene nesimo esinjengalesi, ukusekelwa komndeni, abangane, kanye nabasebenzi bezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi, uhlale uqinile, futhi ulandele iseluleko sodokotela. Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye namandla engqondo amahle, ungayinqoba le nselele.

izifo ze - lymphoproliferative, ama-LPD, amaseli e-lymph, ama-lymphocyte, amasosha omzimba, umdlavuza, i-leukemia, i-lymphoma