Ingabe nawe uzizwa ugula ngokuzumayo? Yisiphi lesi sifo esiza ngaphandle kwesizathu? (I-Mast Cell Activation Syndrome)

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ugula kakhulu ngokuzumayo? Kufana nokuba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba. Mhlawumbe umzimba wakho wonke uba bomvu, uyalunywa, uvuvukale, uthola ubuhlungu besisu, uyahlanza, noma unenkinga yokuphefumula. Kodwa lezi zinto azenzeki ngoba udle okuthile noma uthinte okuthile. Uma lezi zinto zenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, kungaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-`Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS).` Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla.

Iyini i-"Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)"?

Kalula nje, i-MCAS yisimo lapho uhlobo lweseli emzimbeni wethu olubizwa ngokuthi "amaseli e-mast" luba matasa ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, okubangela izimpawu ezinzima. Manje ungase ucabange, "Yilokho okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba." Yebo, ukungezwani komzimba kuhilela nokusebenza "kwamaseli e-mast." Kodwa ukungezwani komzimba ngokuvamile kunembangela ecacile . Isibonelo, abanye abantu baba nokungezwani komzimba nezimfanzi, amantongomane, noma izibungu zothuli. Kodwa ku-MCAS, kunzima ukuthola imbangela ethile. Lezi zimpawu zivela ngokuzumayo.

Kwezinye izimo, ukusebenza kwala maseli e-mast kungaholela ekusabeleni okubi kakhulu, okusongela impilo okubizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis. Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokwehla okuyingozi komfutho wegazi. Uma ubhekene nesimo esibi kakhulu se-anaphylaxis, kufanele ushayele u-911 noma uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha.

Amaseli e-mast afana namasosha ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba. Asiza ekulweni nezifo. Ngakho-ke, kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma unalezi zimpawu ezingatholakali. Kodwa kuvamile ukuthi amaseli e-mast asebenze. Isibonelo, amaseli e-mast asebenza ezimweni ezifana ne-allergy rhinitis, i-asthma, i-anaphylaxis yemithi noma ukudla, kanye ne-mastocytosis. Yilokhu okusenza sibhekane nalezi zimpawu ezicasulayo, ngezinye izikhathi eziyingozi.

Kodwa-ke, i-``Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)`` iyisimo esingavamile kakhulu . Odokotela baxilonga i-MCAS uma kukhona izici ezilandelayo:

• Uma unezimpawu eziphindaphindayo ocabanga ukuthi zingaba yi-anaphylaxis ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.
• Uma lezi zimpawu zithinta izinhlelo zomzimba wakho ezingaphezu kweyodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa (isibonelo, kokubili isikhumba namathumbu).
• Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ubufakazi bamaseli e-mast asebenza.
• Uma izimpawu zakho zincishiswa yimithi ehlasela amaseli e-mast.

Amaseli e-Mast kanye nendima yawo

Amaseli e-mast angamaseli esimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela .Ingxenye. Umsebenzi wabo ojwayelekile ukuvikela imizimba yethu ezifweni ezibangela izifo (isib. izimuncagazi, amagciwane) noma ezinye izinto eziyingozi ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Lawa maseli ahlala ezicutshini zethu, futhi uma ebona okuthile acabanga ukuthi kuyingozi, akhipha amakhemikhali afana ne-histamine, evuselela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi izame ukulwa nomhlaseli.

Ngezinye izikhathi, basabela ezintweni okungafanele basabele kuzo. Yilapho-ke sithola khona ukungezwani komzimba . Kodwa ukungezwani komzimba kuvame ukubangela izimpawu ezincane njengamehlo alumayo kanye nekhala eligobhozayo. Okwenzekayo ku-MCAS ukuthi kunezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile.

Ingakanani ingozi ye-"Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)"?

Ubunzima be-MCAS buxhomeke ezimpawini ozizwayo. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane, ezinezimpawu zesikhumba kuphela. Abanye bangase babe nezimo ezinzima kakhulu, njenge-anaphylaxis. I-Anaphylaxis ingaba yingozi uma ingelashwa kahle. Kodwa-ke, ukusabela okusongela impilo ku-MCAS akuvamile kakhulu .

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-`Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)`?

I-MCAS ingabangela izimpawu ezinzima neziphindaphindayo ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wakho. Lezi zimpawu zingafaka:

• Umfutho wegazi ophansi.
• Isikhumba siba bomvu, sipinki, futhi sifudumele ('Ukucwebezela').
• Isikhumba esilumayo.
• Ukuminyana kwamakhala.
• Ukuvuvukala - ikakhulukazi kobuso, izindebe, amehlo, ulimi noma umphimbo (`i-Angioedema`).
• Ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo (mhlawumbe ngokushintshana phakathi kokubili).
• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuquleka.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo noma ubunzima bokucabanga (inkungu yobuchopho).
• Ukuba ndikindiki.
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga.
• I-Anaphylaxis (ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okunophawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okungenhla).

Ukuze usole i-MCAS, lezi zimpawu kumele zithinte okungenani izinhlelo zomzimba wakho ezimbili. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Isistimu yezinzwa (ubuchopho kanye nezinzwa).
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula (amaphaphu kanye nezindlela zokuphefumula).
• Isistimu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi (inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi).
• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla (isisu namathumbu).

Kuzizwa kanjani uma amaseli e-mast evuselelwa ngokuzumayo?

Uma wake waba nokungezwani komzimba, cishe uyazi ukuthi kunjani uma amaseli e-mast esebenza. Kodwa kubantu abane-MCAS, lesi simo sibi kakhulu kune-allergy evamile, futhi sithinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba. Isikhumba sakho singavuvukala, sibe bomvu, siqale ukulunywa, noma ngisho nokopha igazi. Ungase ube nesifo sohudo nokuhlanza. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ubuso bakho nomphimbo wakho kungavuvukala, futhi umfutho wegazi wakho ungase wehle. Khumbula, uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezimbi, kufanele ushayele u-911 noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-`Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)`?

I-MCAS ibangelwa amaseli akho e-mast asabela lapho kungafanele. Amaseli e-mast acabanga ukuthi kukhona okulimazayo okungene emzimbeni futhi adinga ukuvikelwa. Yilapho-ke ekhulula amaprotheni abangela izimpawu. Ekuguleni komzimba, singathola ukuthi yini ebangela ukuba umzimba usabele ngokweqile. Kodwa ku-MCAS, kunzima ukuthola isizathu esicacile sokuthi amaseli e-mast akhulule lawa maprotheni.

Eqinisweni, akekho osayazi kahle ukuthi kungani amaseli e-mast ezwela kangaka ezintweni ezingafuneki.

Yiziphi izimbangela ezingaba khona zokwenziwa kwe-mast cell isebenze?

Nakuba izinto eziningi, njengokudla kanye nempova, zingavuselela amaseli e-mast futhi zikhulule i-histamine, akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi izimpawu ezinzima ze-MCAS zibangelwa yi-allergen ethile. Kodwa-ke, ungathola ukuthi lezi zimpawu zinzima kakhulu uma kunezinguquko empilweni yakho noma endaweni ezungezile, isibonelo, ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka okukhulu noma lapho isimo sezulu sishintsha. Uma izimpawu zakho zenzeka kuphela ngemva kokuchayeka entweni ethile, tshela udokotela wakho. Kuleso simo, ungase ungabi ne-MCAS, kodwa une-allergy.

I-Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela angase asole ukuthi une-MCAS ngemva kokukuhlola, ukukhuluma ngezimpawu zakho, kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Odokotela bazokuxilonga nge-MCAS uma kuhlangatshezwana nezimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma unezimpawu zokusebenza kweseli le-mast.
• Uma usabela kahle ekwelashweni kokuvuselelwa kweseli le-mast.
• Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa izimpawu zokusebenza kweseli le-mast.
• Uma unenani elijwayelekile lamaseli e-mast emzimbeni wakho (ukuba namaseli e-mast amaningi kakhulu kusho ukuthi ungase ube nesinye isifo se-mast cell, njenge-mastocytosis).

Ukuhlolwa kwe-MCAS

Ukuze ahlole i-MCAS, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlole ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi ``tryptase'' egazini lakho. ``tryptase'' yinto eyandayo lapho ``mast cells'' isebenza. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuzodingeka kwenziwe izikhathi eziningana - kokubili uma uphilile futhi uma unezimpawu ezinzima. Kodwa khumbula, ``tryptase'' ingakhuphuka nakwezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ngakho amazinga ``tryptase'' ewodwa awakwazi ukutshela ukuthi une-MCAS. Abanye abantu bangase babe namazinga ``tryptase'' aphezulu kunalindelekile ngisho noma bengenazo izimpawu.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba ukuze ahlole ezinye izimbangela.

Okubalulekile: Ngisho noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-histamine kubonisa amazinga aphezulu e-histamine, odokotela abaphethi ngokuthi une-MCAS.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)?

Odokotela basebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ukuxilonga i-MCAS nokunciphisa izimpawu zakho. Uma ungalulami ngemithi ehlasela amaseli e-mast, cishe awunayo i-MCAS.

Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi efana nale:

• Ama-histamine type 1 receptor blockers (ama-antihistamine) : Le yimithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Izibonelo: i-Loratadine, i-Cetirizine, i-Fexofenadine.
• Ama-histamine type 2 receptor blockers (ama-antihistamine anciphisa i-asidi yesisu) : Lawa anikezwa isicanucanu nobuhlungu besisu. Izibonelo: I-Ranitidine noma i-Famotidine.
• I-aspirini : I-aspirini inganikezwa ukunciphisa ukuhlanzwa.
• Ama-Leukotriene modifiers : Lawa asiza ukwenza ukuphefumula kube lula. Izibonelo: I-Montelukast, i-Zafirlukast.
• I-Omalizumab (XOLAIR®) : Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi ye-anaphylaxis.
• I-Epinephrine : Odokotela basebenzisa i-epinephrine ukuvimba i-anaphylaxis. Ungagcina i-epinephrine injector (EpiPen®, Auvi-Q®) iseduze uma kwenzeka uhlangabezana ne-anaphylaxis.
• Iziqinisi zamaseli e-mast : Imithi efana ne-cromolyn sodium ivimbela ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali kumaseli e-mast (ukususwa kwegranulation).
• Ama-Corticosteroids : Lawa anciphisa ukuvuvukala, avula imigudu yokuphefumula, futhi anciphise uketshezi ezicutshini. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yengozi yemiphumela emibi, odokotela abavami ukukunikeza ama-steroid e-MCAS.

Ingabe i-Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) iyoke yelapheke ngokuphelele?

Cha, ayikho ikhambi le-MCAS. Uma une-MCAS, kuzodingeka uyiphathe ngemithi.

Ingakanani iminyaka yokuphila komuntu one-MCAS?

Odokotela balindele ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-MCAS bazophila isikhathi eside njengomuntu ongenaso. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisimo esisanda kutholakala, asikwazi ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi sizothinta kanjani isikhathi sokuphila.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Nazi ezinye izindlela ongazinakekela ngazo nge-MCAS:

• Bhala phansi izimpawu zakho. Bhala phansi ukuthi zaziyini izimpawu zakho, ukuthi udleni futhi uphuze ini ngaleso sikhathi, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukuchayeka kwakho. Cabanga ngokuthi yini eyayihlukile kulezi zikhathi uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi lapho wawungenazo izimpawu. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho.
• Tshela abangani bakho abaseduze, izihlobo, noma abantu ovame ukuchitha isikhathi nabo ukuthi ubungasabela kanjani kulesi simo, nokuthi umuthi wakho wokujova i-epinephrine noma omunye umuthi ophuthumayo ukuphi.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Nakuba ukusabela okukhulu ku-MCAS kungavamile, uma uzwa izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba noma i-anaphylaxis, sebenzisa i-epinephrine injector uma unayo. Bese ushayela u-911 noma uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha. Izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zifaka:

• Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Kungaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma lesi simo siba sibi/sikhula ngokuzumayo kimi?
• Ngingawuthatha kanjani umuthi wami?
• Kufanele ngiyisebenzise kanjani futhi nini i-epinephrine injector yami?
• Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?
• Kufanele ngize nini ukukubona futhi?

Ingabe "ukuvuselelwa kwamaseli e-Mast" kuyisifo sokuzivikela komzimba?

Cha, i-MCAS akuyona inkinga yokuzivikela komzimba.

Cabanga nge-siren. Amasosha ezokuphepha ayeza. "Amaseli akho e-mast" athole ingozi futhi acela usizo. Kodwa... akukho ngozi ngempela. Njengomuntu ohlekisayo okhathazayo, "amaseli akho e-mast" avele ashaye izinsimbi zokuxwayisa ngaphandle kokuphuthuma. Esikhundleni sokukuvikela ezifweni, yiwona akugulisayo.

Nakuba singazi kahle ukuthi kungani amaseli e-mast abanye abantu esabela ngokweqile, kunezindlela zokuphatha i-MCAS. Qaphela izimpawu zokuqala zokuxwayisa zokusabela. Uma uzizwa sengathi izimpawu zakho ziya ngokuya ziphuma esandleni, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale uphethe i-epinephrine injector futhi wazi ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani futhi nini. Ungase ungawudingi, kodwa ukulungela ukusabela okungalindelekile kungakunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo.

Izinto okudingeka uzazi (Umyalezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya)

• I-Mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) yisimo esingavamile esibangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ezinzima ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala.
• Lokhu kungathinta izinhlelo zomzimba eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Izimo ezisongela ukuphila ezifana ne-'Anaphylaxis' zingavela, ngakho funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kuvela izimpawu ezinzima.
• Nakuba i-MCAS ingelapheki ngokuphelele, izimpawu zingalawulwa ngemithi.
• Qaphela izimpawu zakho, gcina i-epinephrine injector iseduze ukuze isetshenziswe ngokuphuthumayo, futhi wazise umndeni wakho ngayo.
• Uma unemibuzo mayelana ne-MCAS, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho.

Amaseli e- mast, i-MCAS, ukungezwani komzimba, i-anaphylaxis, i-histamine, i-tryptase, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela