Uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa okukhulu engxenyeni yobuso bakho, kuvamile ukuzwa ukwesaba okukhulu nokushaqeka. Ngaleso sikhathi, kunemibuzo eminingi efika engqondweni. "Luhlobo luni lokuhlinzwa lolu? Kuzokwenzekani kimi? Ingabe ukubukeka kwami kuzoshintsha?" Kungokwemvelo ukucabanga izinto ezinjengalezi. Ngakho-ke namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi okubalulekile ukusindisa izimpilo. Lokho ukuhlinzwa kwe-maxill.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwe-maxillectomy?
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-maxillectomy ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwethambo lakho lonke noma ingxenye yalo (i-maxilla). Cabanga ngale ndlela: i-maxilla yingxenye yomhlathi wakho ehlala ngaphezu kodebe lwakho olungaphezulu, ohlangothini ngalunye lwekhala lakho, nalapho amazinyo akho angaphezulu ephumule khona. Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, uvame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa kabusha ukuze ubuyisele ingxenye esusiwe.
Kungani kudingeka ukuba nohlobo olunjalo lokuhlinzwa?
Ezimweni eziningi, isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kuhlinzwa umdlavuza. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kunconywa kakhulu uma umdlavuza usuvele noma usakazekele kulezi zingxenye zomzimba wakho.
- Umdlavuza we-maxilla .
- Umdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal.
- Umdlavuza owenzeka ophahleni lomlomo wakho ubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza womlomo.
- Izimila ze -Sinonasal .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokutheleleka okukhulu kwesikhunta (i-invasive fungal sinusitis) . Lokhu kubangelwa ukutheleleka okukhulu kanye nokubhujiswa kwezicubu ezimbotsheni ze-sinus lapho izinhlobo ezithile zesikhunta ziphefumulwa.
Ingabe umhlathi ongaphezulu kuphela osuswa njalo?
Cha. Uma umdlavuza ususakazekele ezicutshini eziseduze, ezinye zalezo zicubu kungadingeka zisuswe. Kulesi simo, konke noma ingxenye yalokhu okulandelayo kungasuswa:
- Iso
- Ulwanga oluqinile
- Inzwa enikeza umuzwa esikhumbeni esingaphansi kweso
- Amathambo azungeze iso (i-Orbit/isokhethi leso)
- Isitezi esijikelezayo
- Amazinyo asele emhlathini ongaphezulu asuswayo
- Umsele wokudabuka
Lesi sinqumo senziwa yithimba lochwepheshe, abafunda ngokucophelela ubukhulu bomdlavuza, ukuthi usakazeke kanjani, kanye nezinye izinto eziningi, njengokuhlolwa okufana ne-MRI kanye ne-CT scans. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela yonke imininingwane.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-maxillectomy?
Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luncike ngobukhulu nendawo yesimila. Ukuze kube lula ngawe ukuqonda, ake sibheke lezi zinhlobo etafuleni.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Okwenziwa nje |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa Okukhulu Kwangaphakathi | Ukususwa komhlathi ongaphezulu namazinyo ahlobene eduze kwekhala. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngomdlavuza ongaphakathi kwekhala, ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-endoscope efakwe ngekhala. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwengqalasizinda Enkulu | Ukususwa kwengxenye engezansi yomhlathi ongaphezulu, amazinyo, kanye nolwanga oluphezulu. Lokhu kudala imbobo olwangeni oluphezulu. Kudingeka izicubu ezithathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba noma i-prosthetic ekhethekile ukuze ivalwe. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Suprastructure Maxillectomy | Ukususwa kwengxenye engenhla yomhlathi ongaphezulu. Lokhu kungase kuhilele ukususa izingxenye ezifana neso, amathambo azungeze iso, kanye nomsele wokudabuka. Kudingeka ukuhlinzwa okukhulu okwakha kabusha. Nakuba iso lokufakelwa lingabuyisela ukubukeka, alikwazi ukubuyisela ukubona. |
| Isamba Esingaphansi (Esiyingxenye) Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Maxillectomy | Ukususa ingxenye yomhlathi ongaphezulu kuphela usebenzisa enye yezindlela ezishiwo ngenhla. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Okuphelele Kwe-Maxillectomy | Ukususwa komhlathi ongaphezulu wonke, ulwanga olungaphezulu, kanye nokusekelwa kwamathambo ngaphansi kweso kolunye uhlangothi lobuso. Kudinga ukuhlinzwa okubanzi okwakha kabusha kanye namadivayisi okufakelwa. |
Yiziphi izinto ezengeziwe ezidingekayo kulokhu kuhlinzwa?
Kungase kudingeke ubhekane nezinye izinto ngesikhathi noma ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa.
- Ukubekwa kwepayipi lokuphakela: Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukudla okunomsoco ngoba kunzima ukukudla ngomlomo.
- I-Dacryocystorhinostomy: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukulawula ukuphuma kwezinyembezi emehlweni (ukunisela) uma umgudu wokukhipha izinyembezi ususiwe.
- Ukusikwa kwentamo: Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kuma-lymph node entanyeni, ayasuswa.
- I-Tracheostomy yokukusiza ukuphefumula: Uma ukuvuvukala ebusweni bakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kuthinta indlela yakho yokuphefumula, kungase kwenziwe imbobo encane ngaphambili kwentamo yakho bese kufakwa ipayipi ukuze likusize uphefumule okwesikhashana.
- Ukuhlinzwa kabusha: Lokhu kubalulekile ekubuyiseleni izingxenye zobuso ezisusiwe.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlinzwa?
Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi isusa izicubu ezinomdlavuza futhi yandisa amathuba okusinda .
Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kunezingozi nezinkinga ezingase zenzeke.
- Ukopha kanye nokulunywa (iHematoma).
- Amahlule egazi.
- Ijwabu leso elingezansi eligobile.
- Izinkinga ngokusebenza kwepayipi le-Eustachian, elixhumanisa indlebe nomphimbo.
- Ukutheleleka.
- Ukungabi namandla esihlathini ngenxa yokulimala kwemizwa.
- Ukunisela amehlo njalo (i-Epiphora).
Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokufundisa ngalezi zingozi.
Izinto okufanele uzazi ngesikhathi sokululama
Ukululama kuncike ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa okwenzile.
Ngesikhathi ngisesibhedlela
Ngesikhathi sokuqala sokululama, ungalindela:
- Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela amasonto amabili , ikakhulukazi uma uhlinzwe kakhulu ukuze uvuselele umzimba.
- Uzonikezwa imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu, ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi, kanye nokuvimbela ukutheleleka.
- Umoya-mpilo owengeziwe uzonikezwa nge-tracheostomy.
- Ukudla okungeziwe kuzonikezwa ngepayipi lokuphakela.
Ngemva kokubuya esibhedlela
- Gwema umsebenzi onzima uze uphile kahle.
- Yidla uketshezi nokudla okuthambile kuphela kuze kube yilapho amanxeba okuhlinzwa ephola.
- Gwema ukudla okushisayo neziphuzo , ngoba ezinye izingxenye zomlomo wakho zingase zibe ndikindiki.
Ukululama kungathatha izinyanga, ikakhulukazi ukuze uphinde uthole ikhono lokukhuluma nokugwinya. Ukubekezela kubalulekile.
Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma ukuvuvukala kukhula ngendlela engavamile .
- Uma uzizwa unenkinga yokuphefumula .
- Umkhuhlane (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka).
- Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obungenakulawuleka ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi yobuhlungu.
Ochwepheshe abazokusiza ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho
Lolu akulona uhambo okufanele uluthathe wedwa. Kukhona ithimba lochwepheshe abazokusiza.
- Odokotela Bezokudla: Nikeza iseluleko sendlela yokuthola ukudla okunomsoco okudingayo, ngisho noma kunzima ukudla.
- Odokotela bezokwelapha noma be-radiation oncologists: Baxhumanisa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza, njengokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe.
- Odokotela bamazinyo: Bakusiza ukuthi uphinde uthole ikhono lokudla ngamazinyo okwenziwa akhethekile kanye nezinto zikagesi.
- Abelaphi benkulumo: Bakusiza ukuthi ufunde ukukhuluma, ukugwinya, nokudla futhi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Nakuba i-maxillectomy iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo.
- Ukululama kuyinqubo ethatha isikhathi nesineke. Kungase kudingeke uziqeqeshe kabusha ukukhuluma nokugwinya.
- Ukubukeka kwakho kungashintsha, kodwa kungabuyiselwa kakhulu ngokuhlinzwa okwakha kabusha kanye namadivayisi okufakelwa.
- Kukhona ithimba elikhulu lodokotela, abelaphi bezokukhuluma, kanye nochwepheshe bezokudla abazokusiza kulolu hambo.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukwesaba onakho.
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