Wake wezwa ngo-"Udokotela Ohlinzayo Wemithambo Yegazi"? Mhlawumbe udokotela uncome omunye wamalungu omndeni wakho noma abangani ukuthi bamvakashele. Uma sizwa igama elithi "Udokotela Ohlinzayo," siyesaba kancane, akunjalo? "O, kuzomele ngihlinzwe?" Sicabanga. Kodwa uDokotela Ohlinzayo Wemithambo Yegazi akayena nje umuntu owenza ukuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ungubani lochwepheshe nokuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo ongazithola kuye.
Kalula nje, ubani lo dokotela ohlinza imithambo yegazi?
Udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi uchwepheshe oxilonga futhi elapha izinkinga ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa kukhona okukhethekile lapha. Okusho ukuthi, laba odokotela banolwazi olukhethekile ngemithambo yegazi kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba ngaphandle kwemithambo yegazi enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni .
Cabanga nje ukuthi imizimba yethu ifana nenethiwekhi yemigwaqo emincane. Igazi elithwala umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba imizimba yethu ezidingayo lihamba ngale migwaqo. Le migwaqo yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi imithambo yegazi. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ihlanganisa imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, kanye nemithambo yegazi. Ubuwazi ukuthi kunemithamo yegazi ecishe ibe yi-100,000 emizimbeni yethu?
Ngakho-ke, uDokotela Wemithambo yegazi ngumuntu oqonda ngokujulile noma iyiphi inkinga engase ivele noma kuphi kulesi simiso esikhulu. Unolwazi oluhle ngendlela umthambo osebenza ngayo, izifo ezingavela kuwo, ukuvaleka, ukugoba, nokuvuvukala.
Ngezinye izikhathi laba ochwepheshe babizwa nangokuthi "odokotela abahlinzayo." Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma inkinga yemithambo yegazi, njengokuphuma kwegazi okungalindelekile, ivela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okunye, udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi nguyena oza ezocela usizo neseluleko.
Yiziphi izinsizakalo ozithola kudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi?
Ngisho noma bethi “udokotela ohlinzayo,” laba odokotela abagcini nje ngokwenza ukuhlinzwa. Bakusiza ngezindlela eziningi.
- Ukuxilongwa: Ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, singakwazi ukunquma ukuthi hlobo luni lwenkinga yemithambo yegazi onayo.
- Ukuhlela ukwelashwa: Uma sekutholakale ukuthi unesifo, kuzokwakhiwa uhlelo lokwelashwa olukufanele kakhulu. Lokhu akudingeki kuhilele ukuhlinzwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kungase kuhlanganise ngisho nemithi, ukushintsha ukudla, kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba .
- Ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha: Uma kudingeka, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingangenisi kakhulu ezenziwa ezincane kakhulu, ngaphandle kokusikwa. Ezinye ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, zivulekile.
- Ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside:Izifo zemithambo yegazi zivame ukuba yizinto ezidinga ukuphathwa isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke uDokotela Wemithambo yegazi ngumuntu owakha ubuhlobo besikhathi eside nawe, oqapha njalo isimo sakho, futhi anikeze iseluleko esidingekayo. Kufana nodokotela womndeni wakho, uchwepheshe onobungane oqapha impilo yakho.
Izimo ezivamile eziphathwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezimo zezokwelapha eziphathwa yilaba ochwepheshe. Ake siqonde ezinye zazo kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isimo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ama-Aneurysms e-Aorta | Udonga lomthambo oyinhloko womzimba (i-aorta) luba buthakathaka futhi luvuvukale njengebhaluni. Lokhu kungaqhuma. |
| I-atherosclerosis | I-cholesterol nezinye izinto ziyanqwabelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi (i-plaque), zivale imithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuyimbangela yezinkinga eziningi. |
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Amahlule egazi, ikakhulukazi emithanjeni ejulile yemilenze, angaba yingozi uma ephuma futhi aye emaphashini. |
| Isifo Semithambo Ye-Carotid | Ukuvaleka komthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi lisuka ezinhlangothini zombili zentamo liye ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungabangela isifo sohlangothi. |
| Isifo Semithambo Engasogwini (i-PAD) | Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi liye emilenzeni. Esinye sezimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu emilenzeni lapho uhamba. |
| Imithambo ye-Varicose | Isimo lapho imithambo emilenzeni ivuvukala khona bese ibukeka iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma insomi ngaphezu kobuso besikhumba. |
| Ukufinyelela ku-Dialysis | Ukunikeza ukuxhumana okukhethekile kwemithambo yegazi ngokuhlinzwa ukuze kuhlanzwe igazi (i-dialysis) leziguli ezinenkinga yezinso. |
| Izilonda zezinyawo ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela | Isifo sikashukela sibangela ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni, okuholela ekulimaleni okungapholi. |
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga lesi sifo?
Ukuze anqume ukuthi iyiphi inkinga onayo, udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi usebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngezinye zazo.
| Ukuhlolwa | Wenzani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| I-Vascular Ultrasound | Siyazi ukuthi i-scan (i-ultrasound). Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukubona ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuvaleka noma ukugoba kwegazi. |
| Inkomba Yeqakala Ne-Brachial (ABI) | Umfutho wegazi engalweni yakho nasemaqakaleni uyalinganiswa futhi uqhathaniswe. Lokhu kuyindlela elula yokuhlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuntuleka kwegazi eliya emilenzeni yakho. |
| I-CT Angiogram | I-CT scan yenziwa ngokufaka idayi ekhethekile emthanjeni. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi kutholakale izithombe zemithambo yegazi ezinezilinganiso ezintathu (3D). |
| I-Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA) | Lokhu kufana ne-CT Angiogram, kodwa kusebenzisa insimu yamagnetic. Kungakhiqiza izithombe ezicacile kune-CT. |
Ukuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa okwenziwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha. Udokotela ukhetha eyodwa kuye ngesidingo.
Izinqubo Ezingangeni Kakhulu
Lezi zinqubo azibandakanyi ukusikwa okukhulu. Iningi lezinqubo zenziwa ngamapayipi amancane (ama-catheter) afakwa njengenaliti.
- I-Angioplasty kanye ne-Stent: Idivayisi encane efana nebhaluni ifakwa emthanjeni wegazi ovinjiwe bese ivuvukala ukuze inwebe umthambo. Ngezinye izikhathi idivayisi encane efana ne-mesh (i-stent) ifakwa ngaphakathi komthambo ukuze ingavimbeki futhi.
- Ukususwa kwe-atherosclerosis: Ungqimba lwe-cholesterol oluvalekile (i-plaque) lususwa ngethuluzi elincane.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Thrombolytic: Umuthi ongancibilikisa ihlule legazi ufakwa ngqo endaweni yehlule.
Ukuhlinzwa Okuvulekile
Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ezinkingeni ezinkulu, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kungadingeka.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokudlula Igazi: Indlela entsha yokugeleza kwegazi emthanjeni ovinjiwe idalwe ngokuyidlula. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ucezu lomthambo oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba noma umthambo wokwenziwa.
- Ukususwa kwe-Endarter: Umthambo uvulwa ngqo, i-cholesterol plaque engaphakathi isuswa ngesandla, bese umthambo uthungwa ndawonye. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kakhulu kumthambo we-carotid entanyeni.
- Ukulungiswa kwe-Aneurysm: Ingxenye evuvukele yomthambo wegazi iyasuswa bese ithathelwa indawo umthambo wokwenziwa (i-graft).
Kungani uthunyelwa kudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi?
Uma umhlinzeki wakho oyinhloko, ngemva kokubukeza izimpawu zakho, ecabanga ukuthi le yinkinga edinga ukubonwa nguchwepheshe wemithambo yegazi, uzokudlulisela kudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi.
Khumbula, ukudluliselwa kudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi akusho ukuthi uzohlinzwa ngempela. Kusho ukuthi udinga umbono nokwelashwa kochwepheshe ngesimo sakho.
Okokuqala, udokotela uzokhuluma nawe ngokuphelele, akubuze ngezinto ezikukhathazayo kanye nokwesaba kwakho, bese enza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi axoxe ngokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi uchwepheshe owelapha izifo ezihlobene nayo yonke imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi) emzimbeni, ngaphandle kwaleyo yenhliziyo nobuchopho.
- Ungesabi igama elithi "udokotela ohlinzayo." Benza izinto eziningi ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa, njengemithi, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, kanye nokwelashwa okungadingi ukungenelela okukhulu.
- Uma uthola ukudluliselwa kudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi, kusho ukuthi udinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, hhayi ukuhlinzwa ngempela.
- Ngenxa yokuthi izifo eziningi zemithambo yegazi zihlala isikhathi eside, uDokotela wakho Wemithambo yegazi cishe uzoba ngumlingani wesikhathi eside ohambweni lwakho lwezempilo.
- Ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo. Kubalulekile ukubhekana nazo zonke izinkinga onazo ngesimo sakho kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.
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