Ingabe amaphaphu engane yakho nawo athintekile ngenxa yokukhwehlela kokuqala? (Meconium Aspiration Syndrome) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Njengomzali, uzizwa usaba kangakanani uma ubona umntwana osanda kuzalwa enobunzima bokuphefumula? Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yalobu bunzima bokuphefumula enganeni yindle yokuqala yengane, ebizwa ngokuthi i-meconium, engena emaphashini engane. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Meconium Aspiration Syndrome)`.

Kuyini i-meconium? Kwenzekani uma ingena emaphashini engane?

Kalula nje, i-meconium iyindle yokuqala yengane yakho, noma indle. Ayifani nendle evamile. Iyinto ejiyile, enamathelayo, eluhlaza okotshani-mnyama, efana ne-tar. Yakhiwe ngezinto ingane yakho ezigwinyayo isesesibelethweni. Lokho kusho ukuthi yakhiwe ngamaseli esikhumba sengane, i-mucus (njenge-mucus), izinwele ezincane zengane (i-lanugo), i-bile, nezinye izinto.

Izingane zivame ukudlula i-meconium zingakapheli amahora angu-48 zizelwe. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ingane ibhekene nokucindezeleka noma ukungakhululeki esibelethweni (`(Ukucindezeleka Kwengane)`), ingane ingadlula ingxenye yale meconium ngaphambi kokuzalwa, okungukuthi, isesesibelethweni. Uma idlula, leyo meconium izongezwa ku-amniotic fluid ezungeze ingane.

I-Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) yisimo lapho umntwana eba nobunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa yokuthi i-meconium ixubene noketshezi lwe-amniotic olungena emaphashini engane. Lolu ketshezi lwe-amniotic oluxubene ne-meconium lungangena emaphashini engane lapho ingane iphefumula, kungaba ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.

Cabanga ukuthi kwenzekani lapho leyo meconium ejiyile, enamathelayo efana ne-tar ingena emchameni nasemaphashini engane.

• Kungavimba umgudu womoya womntwana .
• Amaphaphu angonakala .
• I-Meconium ingavimba nokusebenza kwento ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Surfactant", esiza amaphaphu ukuthi avuvuke futhi asebenze kahle.

Lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ngengane ukuphefumula. Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi simo singaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Ngokwesilinganiso, cishe izingane eziyi-12 kuya kwezingama-20 kweziyi-100 ezizalwayo zizoba ne-meconium exutshwe noketshezi lwe-amniotic. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "uketshezi lwe-amniotic olune-meconium stained." Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni zesikhathi esigcwele (amasonto angama-40) kanye nezangemva kokubeletha (ngemuva kwamasonto angama-42).

Kodwa nansi into ongayicabanga. Akuzona zonke izingane ezizalwa ngamanzi anombala we-meconium eziba ne-"MAS". Amaphesenti amancane kuphela, phakathi kuka-2% no-10% walezo zingane, athola lesi simo se-"MAS".

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-meconium ephefumula umntwana?

Manje sesiyazi ukuthi i-meconium ingaba yingozi uma ingena emaphashini. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane yakho ihogele i-meconium, ingabonisa izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula:Kubonakala sengathi ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula.
• Ukwehla kwesilinganiso senhliziyo: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kuyehla.
• Isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Cyanosis): Isikhumba somntwana, ikakhulukazi izindebe neminwe, siba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele.
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo: Ngezinye izikhathi ingane iphefumula ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Ukuphefumula ngomsindo wokuhona: Umsindo ofana nokuthi "Huh... Huh..." wenziwa lapho uphefumula.
• Ukucwila kwesifuba: Kubonakala sengathi isifuba siyacwila lapho uphefumula.
• Ayinampilo: Ingane ibukeka ingenampilo futhi ingenampilo.

Uma ubona izimpawu ezinjengalezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa abasebenzi bezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Iyini imbangela?

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi i-meconium ingene emaphashini ukucindezeleka umntwana abhekana nakho esibelethweni noma ngesikhathi sokuzalwa . Kunezizathu ezahlukahlukene zalokhu kucindezeleka. Isibonelo:

• Ukuba nokutheleleka kumama noma enganeni.
• Ukuncipha kokungenisa umoya-mpilo enganeni.

Kulesi simo esicindezelayo, umntwana uphefumula ngokuzumayo ngokujulile nangokushesha. Njengoba nje sibamba umoya wethu lapho sesaba kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, uketshezi olujiyile (kanye ne-meconium uma lukhona) lungena emaphashini engane. Bese i-meconium ejiyile inamathela ezikhwameni zomoya (`(Alveoli)`) zamaphaphu, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi i-meconium isemanzini?

Uketshezi lwe-amniotic luvame ukuba lucwebe. Kodwa-ke, uma i-meconium ingezwa kuyo, uketshezi oluphumayo lapho amanzi ephuka luba nombala oluhlaza okotshani . Futhi, izingane ezichayeke ku-meconium zingase zibe nesikhumba esiphuzi nezinzipho lapho zizalwa. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, odokotela bakho nabahlengikazi bayakwazi lokhu. Bafuna izimpawu ezinjengalezi.

Ingabe kuyinkinga uma ingane igwinya i-meconium?

Lokhu futhi kuyinkinga omama abaningi abanayo. Kujwayelekile ukuthi ingane igwinye uketshezi lwe-amniotic ngesikhathi isesibelethweni. Kubalulekile futhi ekukhuleni komntwana. Ngakho-ke, uma i-meconium encane ixubene noketshezi lwe-amniotic bese ingane iyigwinya, ngeke kube yinkinga enkulu. Okuyingozi ukuhogela i-meconium emaphashini, hhayi ukugwinya.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Uma amanzi akho ephuka bese ubona i-meconium ku-amniotic fluid yakho, odokotela bazoyibheka ngokucophelela ingane yakho ukuze babone izimpawu ze-"MAS" ngemva kokuzalwa. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, akuzona zonke izingane eziba nalesi simo ngenxa ye-meconium.

Ukuxilongwa okuyinhloko yile:

• Ukuqapha isimo somntwana: Ukuphefumula komntwana, umbala womzimba wakhe, kanye nomsebenzi wakhe kuyaqashelwa.
• Ukulalela isifuba: Isifuba somntwana silalelwa nge-stethoscope ukuhlola noma yimiphi imisindo engavamile.
• I-X-ray yesifuba:Lokhu kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi i-meconium inamathele emaphashini noma ukuthi uketshezi luqongelelene.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegesi Egazini: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekunqumeni izinga lomoya-mpilo kanye ne-carbon dioxide egazini lomntwana kanye nobukhulu bokucindezeleka kokuphefumula.

Kunjani ukwelashwa?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni ingane igwinye i-meconium engakanani, ukuthi ijiyile kangakanani, nokuthi ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula engakanani.

• Uma umntwana ekhala kahle lapho ezalwa futhi ekhuthele kakhulu, ukwelashwa okukhethekile akudingi.
• Ukumunca: Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala. Kusetshenziswa isirinji esincane sebhalbhu ukususa i-meconium emlonyeni wengane, ekhaleni, nasemphinjeni. Ngezinye izikhathi, kufakwa ipayipi elincane epayipini lomoya (i-trachea) lomntwana ukuze kususwe noma iyiphi i-meconium enamathele lapho.
• Ukunikeza umoya-mpilo: Uma ingane isenenkinga yokuphefumula, nikeza umoya-mpilo ngokubeka imaski yomoya-mpilo ebusweni.

Ezinye izingane ezine-MAS enzima zingadinga ukungeniswa e-Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) ukuze zithole ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuxhuma kumshini wokuphefumula: Uma ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula yodwa, lo mshini uyasiza.
• Ukwelashwa Nge-Surfactant: Into ebizwa ngokuthi i-surfactant inikezwa ngokwenziwa ukusiza amaphaphu avuleke.
• Ama-antibiotic: Uma kukhona ukutheleleka emaphashini, anikezwa ukuze akwelaphe.
• I-ECMO (i-Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation): Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ekhethekile esetshenziswa ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu. Inhliziyo namaphaphu engane ayaphumula, bese kusetshenziswa umshini wokufaka umoya-mpilo egazini.
• Isifudumezi Esikhazimulayo: Sisiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wengane.
• Umshini we-CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure): Usiza ukugcina amaphaphu engane evulekile.

Khumbula, zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha zenzelwe ukusiza ingane yakho ukuthi ilulame ngokushesha. Odokotela nabahlengikazi bazonikeza ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu ingane yakho ekudingayo.

Ingabe ukufisa i-meconium kungavinjelwa? Yiziphi izinto eziyingozi?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ngokuphelele ukufiswa yi-meconium enganeni. Ngoba kuyinto eyenzekayo ngokucindezeleka komntwana. Kodwa-ke, odokotela bahlala beqaphela ukuthi ikhona yini i-meconium ku-amniotic fluid nokuthi ingane "isesimweni sokucindezeleka kwengane". Uma lesi simo sibonakala kusenesikhathi, kungenzeka ukuvimbela ukufiswa yi-meconium okunamandla bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Kunezici ezithile ezingabangela ingozi engaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-meconium aspiration syndrome:

• Ukukhulelwa ngemva kwesikhathi:Lokho kusho ukwandisa isikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphezu kwamasonto angu-42.
• Umama unesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Umsebenzi omude noma onzima.
• Ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo enganeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukuvinjelwa Kokukhula Kwengane Esanda Kuzalwa (FGR).

Odokotela banaka kakhulu izingane ezizalwa omama abanalezi zici eziyingozi.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?

Izinkinga zesikhathi eside ze-MAS azivamile futhi ngokuvamile zingaphathwa futhi zelapheke zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Kodwa-ke, izingane ezine-"MAS" zingase zibe sengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola lezi zimo kunezinye izingane:

• I-pneumonia ( ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu)
• Isifuba somoya
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu wengane esanda kuzalwa (PPHN)
• Ukuwa kwamaphaphu `(Pneumothorax)`
• Ukuntuleka kwe-oksijini `(Hypoxia)`

Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke izingane ezigwinya i-meconium eziba ne-`(MAS)`, futhi akuzona zonke izingane ezine-`(MAS)` eziba nalezi zinkinga. Uma ziqashelwa futhi zelashwa kusenesikhathi, lesi yisimo esingelapheka kakhulu.

Iningi lezinsana liyalulama ekufuneni i-meconium zingakapheli amahora ambalwa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ingane ingadinga ukuhlala e-NICU izinsuku eziningana noma amasonto, noma ingadinga ukuthembela ku-oxygen eyengeziwe.

Okufanele sikukhumbule (Umyalezo Ofanele Uwuthathe Ekhaya)

I-Meconium Aspiration Syndrome iyisimo esibi kakhulu, kodwa esingelapheka, esingase senzeke ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola uketshezi lwe-amniotic lomntwana wakho ukuze abone ukuthi lukhona yini i-meconium lapho ezalwa. Uma ingane yakho ibonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu zokucindezeleka, izothatha izinyathelo ngokushesha zokususa i-meconium emakhaleni nasemlonyeni wayo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi simo kusenesikhathi bese uselapha ngokushesha. Ngaleyo ndlela, amathuba okuba nezinkinga mancane kakhulu. Iningi lezingane liyalulama ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, futhi imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside ayivamile.

Futhi, khumbula, akuzona zonke izingane ezine-meconium ku-amniotic fluid yazo ezizoba ne-meconium aspiration syndrome. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ngokungadingekile. Themba ithimba lakho lezokwelapha. Bazokunikeza ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu wena nomntwana wakho.

I- Meconium, i-Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Usana Olusanda Kuzalwa, Ukuphefumula Kwengane, Ukukhwehlela Kokuqala Kwengane, Ukutheleleka Kwamaphaphu, i-Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Izinkinga Zokuphefumula Kwengane Esanda Kuzalwa, Uketshezi Lwe-Amniotic, Ukucindezeleka Kwengane Esanda Kuzalwa