Iningi lethu linesifo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu sesikhathi eside njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke, odokotela bahlala beseluleka ukuthi siqaphele kakhulu ngalokho esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo ngenkathi sithatha imithi yalezi zinto. Eqinisweni, bewazi yini ukuthi le nto ebizwa ngokuthi 'ukudla nokuphuza', uma ihlelwe ngokunembile ngokwesayensi yezokwelapha, ingaba ukwelashwa okunamandla kakhulu ngokwayo? Leyo ndlela yokwelapha ekhethekile yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "Ukwelashwa Kokudla Okunempilo Kwezokwelapha" noma Ukwelashwa Kokudla Okunempilo Kwezokwelapha (MNT) .
Kuyini ngempela Ukwelashwa Kokudla Okunempilo Kwezokwelapha?
Kalula nje, i-MNT iyindlela yokwelapha esebenzisa ukudla okunempilo kanye nemikhuba yokudla ukuphatha noma ukuvimbela isifo. Akukhona nje "ukudla ukudla okunempilo." Imayelana nodokotela obhalisiwe, ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela wakho, ofunda isimo sakho, izidingo zomzimba, imigomo yakho, kanye nendlela yokuphila, futhi adale uhlelo lokudla oluqondene nawe .
Bazokusiza futhi ukuthi usebenzise lolu hlelo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma lokhu kwelashwa kuhlanganiswa nomuthi owuthathayo, kuba lula ukulawula lesi sifo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ulandela le ndlela ngqo, ungase ukwazi ukugwema ukuthatha imithi. Futhi, le ndlela yokwelapha ibaluleke kakhulu kulabo abangakwazi ukugwinya nokugaya ukudla ngendlela evamile ngenxa yesimo esithile sezokwelapha.
Ezinye izinto ezingenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-MNT:
- Kungase kudingeke uyeke noma unciphise ukudla ukudla okuthile.
- Ungase welulekwe ukuthi uthole izakhamzimba ezithile nokudla okwanele .
- Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uthathe ezinye izithako zokudla okunempilo.
- Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukunikeza ukudla okunomsoco, njengosawoti, ngemithambo (ukondla kwe-parenteral) noma ngepayipi (ukondla kwangaphakathi).
Yiziphi izifo ezingalawulwa nge-MNT?
Le ndlela yokwelapha isiza ekuphatheni izifo eziningi ezahlukene. Ithebula elingezansi libala ezimbalwa zazo.
| Isimo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo sikashukela (Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, ukukhulelwa) kanye ne-prediabetes | Ukuhlela ukudla ukuze kulawulwe amazinga kashukela egazini. |
| Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD) | Ukulawula izinto ezinjengosawoti namaprotheni ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi ezinso. |
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme | Nciphisa ukudla usawoti futhi wandise ukudla okune-potassium eningi. |
| I-cholesterol ephezulu kanye nama-triglycerides (i-Dyslipidemia) | Ukwamukela ukudla okunciphisa amazinga amafutha egazini ayingozi. |
| Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo | Ukulawula inani loketshezi nosawoti emzimbeni kanye nokunciphisa umthwalo enhliziyweni. |
| Izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla (isib. isifo se-Celiac, isifo sikaCrohn, i-IBS) | Gwema ukudla okwenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu futhi udle ukudla okulula ukugayeka. |
| Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile | Ukulawula amakhalori nokudla okunempilo kubalulekile ukuze wehlise isisindo ngendlela enempilo. |
| Ukungondleki kahle (isib. ezigulini ezinomdlavuza) | Ukuqinisa umzimba ngokunikeza umzimba amandla nokudla okunomsoco okudingekayo. |
Le nqubo yokwelashwa yenzeka kanjani?
Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuhilela izinyathelo ezine, kodwa lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu.
| Isinyathelo | Kwenzekani lapha? |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukuhlolwa Kokudla Okunomsoco | Yilapho udokotela wakho kanye nochwepheshe wezokudla bafunda khona ngawe. Babheka amarekhodi akho ezokwelapha, imibiko yelebhu, futhi bakhulume nawe ukuze baqoqe ulwazi mayelana nalokho okudlayo, indlela yakho yokuphila, ukungezwani komzimba, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkinga zokupheka ongase ube nazo. |
| 2. Ukuxilongwa Kokudla Okunomsoco | Lokhu kuhlukile ekuxilongweni kwezokwelapha. Okwenzayo lapha ukuthola inkinga eyisisekelo yokudla okunempilo. Isibonelo, ungase ube nesifo sikashukela (ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha), ngakho-ke ungase udle ama-carbohydrate amaningi kakhulu (inkinga yokudla okunempilo). |
| 3. Ukungenelela Kokudla Okunempilo | Njengesixazululo senkinga etholakele, lesi sinyathelo sihilela ukudala uhlelo lokudla oluqondene nawe. Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa konke kusukela kulokho okufanele ukudle nsuku zonke, lokho okufanele ukugweme, kanye nendlela yokulungisa ukudla kwakho. |
| 4. Ukuqapha Nokuhlola | Uma usuqalile uhlelo, sizoqhubeka nokuluqapha ukuze sibone ukuthi luyasebenza yini, ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyathuthuka yini, nokuthi imibiko yakho yelabhorethri iyathuthuka yini. Sizokwenza izinguquko ohlelweni uma kudingeka. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi konke lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kokuqondisa okugcwele kukadokotela wakho. Ngakho-ke ungahambi uyokwenza lezi zinto wedwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubheka nje ku-inthanethi noma uzwa okuthile okushiwo othile.
Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-MNT?
Uma ulandela le ndlela yokwelapha ngqo, uzothola izinzuzo eziningi.
- Uzothola ukudla okunempilo okudingayo ukuze unciphise izimpawu nemiphumela yesimo sakho.
- Kungaletha izinto ezifana noshukela egazini kanye ne-cholesterol emazingeni anempilo .
- Khulisa impumelelo yokwelashwa ngaphezu kwemithiYebo, kungenzeka. Kunganciphisa ngisho nesidingo semithi.
- Uzofunda izindlela ezisebenzayo zokunqoba izithiyo zokulungiselela ukudla okumnandi (isib. ukuntuleka kwesikhathi, izinkinga zezimali).
- Uba ngumuntu okhuthele onegalelo empilweni yakho.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalokhu kwelashwa?
Uma nje ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho, akukho bungozi obukhulu ekushintsheni ukudla kwakho. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, kungase kube nezingozi ezithile.
- Uma unikezwa ukudla okunomsoco okusekelwe kubazali: Kunengozi encane yokuthi amagciwane angene egazini.
- Uma unikwa ukudla ngepayipi: Kungase kube nokutheleleka endaweni yepayipi, ukuvuvuka kwesisu, kanye nokuqunjelwa.
Kodwa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha linakekela kahle konke lokhu, ngakho akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
Ngingakwenza kanjani lokhu kwelashwa kube lula kimi?
Kunezinto ongazenza ukuze lolu hambo lube yimpumelelo.
1. Khuluma ngokukhululekile: Ungabi namahloni nganoma yiziphi izinkinga noma izithiyo onazo (njengokungabi nesikhathi sokupheka, ukungakwazi ukuthenga ukudla okuthile) bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho ungathola khona ikhambi elingcono kakhulu elikusebenzelayo.
2. Gcina idayari yokudla: Bhala phansi konke okudlayo nokuphuzayo nsuku zonke, kanye nezikhathi okudla ngazo. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela wakho aqonde isimo sakho.
3. Yiba nesineke: Ukushintsha imikhuba kuthatha isikhathi. Yiba nesineke ngakho. Qala ngezinguquko ezincane.
Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokudla okunempilo, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Uzokunikeza isiqondiso osidingayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa Kokudla Okunempilo (i-MNT) akuyona nje indlela yokudla, kodwa kuyindlela yokwelapha ekusiza ukuthi uphathe isimo sakho sezokwelapha.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni izifo eziningana zesikhathi eside ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sezinso kanye ne-cholesterol.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wakho, futhi kwenziwe kuphela nguchwepheshe wezokudla. Ungakuzami wedwa.
- Ukuhlanganyela kwakho ngenkuthalo kanye nokukhulumisana okuvulekile nodokotela wakho kubalulekile empumelelweni yalokhu kwelashwa.
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