Ingabe ubuchopho bomntwana wakho busengozini? Ake sixoxe nge-medulloblastoma!

Wake wezwa ngeMedulloblastoma? Mhlawumbe akunjalo. Luhlobo lomdlavuza wobuchopho oluvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, ikakhulukazi lezo ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-16. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ake sicacise ngalokhu. Ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi simo.

Ngakho-ke, iyini i-medulloblastoma?

Kalula nje, i-medulloblastoma iyisimila somdlavuza esikhula ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa oluphakathi (CNS) , oluyingqondo yakho kanye nomgogodla. Ngokuvamile sikhula engxenyeni yobuchopho bakho ebizwa ngokuthi i-cerebellum, etholakala ngemuva kobuchopho bakho. Ubuwazi ukuthi lobu buchopho obuncane bulawula izinto eziningi emzimbeni wakho, njengokulinganisela, ukuhamba, kanye nokunyakaza kwezingalo nemilenze yakho?

Lesi sifo sivame ukuhlasela izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-16. Kodwa-ke, singavela nakubantu abadala, nakuba singavamile. Uma sivela nakubantu abadala, sivame ukubonakala phakathi kweminyaka engu-20 no-45.

Empeleni lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo lomdlavuza wobuchopho oluvame kakhulu ezinganeni . Luvame ukutholakala ezinganeni ezineminyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 neyi-9.

Izimila ze-Medulloblastoma zikhula ngokushesha futhi zingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho kanye nomgogodla ngokusebenzisa uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal - uketshezi olucacile oluzungeze ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ukubona kanjani?

Izimpawu ze-Medulloblastoma zingahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Ziya ngezici ezifana nobudala bakho, ubukhulu besimila, nokuthi sikhule kangakanani. Ezinye izimpawu zingabangelwa indawo yesimila noma ukucindezela okukhulu ngaphakathi kogebhezi. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuqaphela lezi zinto:

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvamile: Lokhu kungase kuhluke ebuhlungwini bekhanda obuvamile, futhi kungase kube kubi kakhulu ekuseni.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Lesi simo singabonakala ikakhulukazi ekuseni.
• Izinkinga zokulinganisela: Ukuzizwa ungazinzile lapho uhamba, ungakwazi ukuma uqonde.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba: Ukungakwazi ukuma ngezinyawo zakho kahle, ubunzima bokukhuphuka nokwehla izitebhisi.
• Ukuzungeza: Umuzwa wokuthi izinto ziyakuzungeza.
• Ukushintsha kombono: Ukufiphala kombono ngokuzumayo, ukubona okukabili.
• Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa sengathi awukhathali kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani.
• Ubuhlungu bomhlane: Ngezinye izikhathi, ubuhlungu bomhlane bungaba khona uma umdlavuza usakazekela emgogodleni.
• Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo kanye nendle:Ngisho noma ubukwazi ukulawula kahle ngaphambili, uma kuvela izinkinga ezinjengalezi ngokuzumayo, kufanele ukhathazeke. Endabeni yezingane ezincane, imvamisa 'yezingozi' inganda.

Ungesabi i-medulloblastoma ngoba nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu zilandelana, ikakhulukazi enganeni encane, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Kungani i-medulloblastoma ikhula? Ziyini izimbangela?

Odokotela abakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-medulloblastoma. Kodwa-ke, kutholakale ukuthi izifo ezithile zofuzo zingandisa ingozi yokuyithola. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinguquko ezithile zofuzo ezidluliselwe ezizukulwaneni zingaba nomthelela.

Nazi ezinye izimo zofuzo ezandisa ingozi enjalo:

• Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1: Cishe uke wezwa ngezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1 kanye ne-BRCA2. Amaprotheni awenzayo anesibopho sokulungisa i-DNA yethu uma yonakele. Abantu abazuza izinhlobo ezithile zalezi zakhi zofuzo basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza.
• `I-Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS): Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `i-Gorlin syndrome.` Lesi futhi yisimo esizuzwa njengefa. Abantu abanalesi simo basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba we-basal cell. Banamathuba angu-5% okuthola i-medulloblastoma.
• I-Turcot syndrome: Abantu abanalesi simo bangase babe nesimila sesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, njenge-medulloblastoma noma i-pituitary adenoma, kanye nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu.
• I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome: Abantu abanalesi simo basengozini enkulu yokuthola ama-sarcoma, umdlavuza webele, ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wobuchopho (ama-glioma, ama-choroid plexus carcinomas), umdlavuza we-adrenal gland, kanye ne-leukemia.

Lezi zimo zofuzo ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalokhu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, udokotela wakho uzoqala akhulume nawe ngezimpawu zakho futhi abheke umlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma besola i-medulloblastoma, bazoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezivame ukwenziwa?

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-neurological: Kulokhu, udokotela uzohlola ukuzwa kwakho, ukubona, ukuhlangana kwemizwa, kanye nokusabela komzimba. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho ethintekile.
• `Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe`:Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuskena kwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) noma ukuskena kwe-CT (Computed Tomography). Lokhu kuskena kungabona ngokucacile ukuthi kukhona yini isimila ngaphakathi kobuchopho, ukuthi sikhulu kangakanani, nokuthi sitholakala kuphi.
• I-Biopsy: Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela kuzodingeka bathathe isampula encane yezicubu ezivela esimila bese bezithumela kudokotela wezifo, udokotela ogxile ekuhloleni izicubu. I-biopsy ivame ukwenziwa uma ukuxilongwa kungenakuqinisekiswa ngama-scan kuphela.
• Ukumpompa komgogodla (Ukubhoboza Ithambo): Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo uthatha isampula encane yoketshezi lomgogodla bese eluhlola ukuthi alunawo yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngemva kokuba isimila sesisusiwe noma ingcindezi engaphakathi kobuchopho isilawulwe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Medulloblastoma?

Izinketho zokwelapha zincike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa iminyaka yakho, impilo iyonke, kanye nosayizi wesimila. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-medulloblastoma ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila. Lokhu kungalandelwa yi-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, noma kokubili.

• `Ukuhlinzwa`: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa `udokotela wezinzwa`. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho noma kususe ngokuphelele isimila. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uma isimila sitholakala ekujuleni kobuchopho, ezindaweni ezibucayi, kungaba nzima ukusisusa ngokuphelele.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase asale ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kunikezwa kanye ne-chemotherapy.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa udokotela wezifo zomdlavuza. Le mithi inganikezwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe, noma kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe. Kwezinye izimo, ukufakelwa kweseli le-stem kunganikezwa ngemva kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Khumbula, zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha zinqunywa yithimba lodokotela, futhi zenzelwe isimo sakho.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama? (Isikhathi Sokululama)

Ubude bokwelashwa kanye nesikhathi sokululama kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Uma uhlinzwa ubuchopho, kuvame ukuthatha amasonto amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ukululama . Uma une-chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy, kungathatha amasonto amaningana noma ngisho nezinyanga. Kuya ngohlobo lwesifo. Ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani kuwe noma enganeni yakho, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla (njengekhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukudideka, ukushintsha kokubona), bona udokotela ngokushesha . Futhi, uma usuvele welashwa i-medulloblastoma, tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi oyitholayo. Zingasiza ekuphatheni izimpawu zakho futhi zinciphise ukungakhululeki kwakho.

Yini umuntu one-medulloblastoma angayilindela?

Kukhona ithimba elikhulu lezokwelapha elizokusiza kulesi simo. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• `Odokotela bezokwelapha abangomdlavuza`
• `Odokotela Abahlinzayo Bezinzwa`
• `Izazi zezifo`
• `Abelaphi bezokwelapha`
• `Ochwepheshe bemisebe`
• `Odokotela be-radiation oncologists`
• Abantu abafana no-'Neuropsychologists' bangaba khona.

Ndawonye, ​​bakha uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nawe olufanela izidingo zakho.

Ingabe i-Medulloblastoma ingelapheka?

Yebo, ezimweni eziningi. Nakuba i-medulloblastoma iyisimo esingasakazeka kulo lonke uhlelo lwezinzwa, abantu abaningi bangelapheka. Ikakhulukazi uma umdlavuza ungasakazekanga kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho kanye nomgogodla, amathuba okusinda aphezulu.

Iyini iphrojekthi yalokhu?

Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu ye-medulloblastoma lingaphezu kuka-80% . Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-80% abatholakale bene-medulloblastoma basaphila ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu. Lezi zibalo zisekelwe emiphumeleni yabantu ababenalesi sifo esikhathini esidlule.

Kodwa khumbula, lezi zibalo azikwazi ukukutshela ngqo ukuthi kuzokwenzekani esimweni sakho. Ukuze wazi kahle ngesimo sakho kanye nemikhuba yokululama, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Ukuzwa ngesimila sobuchopho kungaba yinto eqeda amandla ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo. Ikakhulukazi uma kuthinta ingane yakho, kungaba yinto eqeda amandla. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, ngakho-ke kukhona ithemba . Buza udokotela wakho ngezindlela zokwelapha ezintsha, njengezivivinyo zemitholampilo. Futhi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinsiza kanye namaqembu okusekela angakusiza. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi esinzima, kungaba umthombo omkhulu wamandla nenduduzo ukuba phakathi kwabantu abaye badlula ezintweni ezifanayo nawe.

Ngamafuphi, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ake sikukhumbuze ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu esikhulume ngazo nge-medulloblastoma:

• I-Medulloblastoma umdlavuza wobuchopho ovame kakhulu ezinganeni., kodwa nabantu abadala bangayithuthukisa.
• Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, ukuhlanza, kanye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
• Nakuba imbangela eqondile ingaziwa , ezinye izimo zofuzo zingadlala indima.
• Lesi sifo sitholakala ngokuhlolwa okufana ne-MRI, i-CT scan, kanye ne-biopsy.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezifana nokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe.
• Amathuba okululama aphezulu , ikakhulukazi uma kutholakale ukuthi unesifo futhi welashwa kusenesikhathi.
• Uma unezimpawu , ungesabi ukubona udokotela .

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Khumbula, awuwedwa. Uma unemibuzo, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

I- Medulloblastoma, umdlavuza wobuchopho, umdlavuza wobuntwana, isimiso sezinzwa, izimpawu zomdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, izifo zofuzo