Ezinye izimo zesikhumba zingaba lula njengenduna encane, kanti ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zingaze ziphenduke umdlavuza wesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, isayensi yezokwelapha yanamuhla ithuthuke kakhulu kangangokuthi kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo zalezi zifo. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngokwelashwa okuhlukile kancane kwesimo esithile somdlavuza wesikhumba. Igama lalo muthi yiMethoxsalen.
Kalula nje, iyini iMethoxsalen?
I-Methoxsalen ayifani nephilisi elivamile noma umjovo. Iwumuthi ozwela ukukhanya. Ngokukhethekile, isetshenziselwa ukulawula izimpawu zohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza oluthinta isikhumba esibizwa ngokuthi i-cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) .
Lokhu kwelashwa akukwenziwa kodwa. Kunikezwa futhi kanye nemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Igama lale nqubo yonke yokwelapha yi- Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP). Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengegama eliyinkimbinkimbi, inqubo ilula kakhulu uma usuyiqondile.
Ngakho-ke lokhu kwelashwa kwe-ECP kwenziwa kanjani?
Cabanga ngakho, lokhu akufani nokunikeza umuntu ogulayo umuthi. Lena inqubo ekhethekile eyenziwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe.
1. Ukuqoqwa kwegazi: Okokuqala, igazi elithile lithathwa emzimbeni wakho bese lithunyelwa ngomshini okhethekile.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa kwamaseli: Lo mshini uhlukanisa amaseli amhlophe egazi kuphela egazini lakho. Izingxenye ezisele zegazi (njengamaseli abomvu egazi kanye ne-plasma) bese zibuyiselwa emzimbeni wakho.
3. Ukwengeza umuthi: Manje, umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Methoxsalen ufakwa emangqamuzaneni egazi amhlophe ahlukanisiwe.
4. Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya: Okulandelayo, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi axutshwe nalomuthi atholakala ohlotsheni olukhethekile lokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet A (UVA) ngaphakathi komshini. Ngenxa yomuthi i-Methoxsalen, amangqamuzana omdlavuza azwela kakhulu kulokhu kukhanya futhi aqale ukufa.
5. Ukufakwa kabusha kwamaseli: Okokugcina, amaseli amhlophe egazi aphathwe ngale ndlela aphinde afakwe emzimbeni wakho, njengosawoti.
Lonke lolu hlelo lungathatha amahora amaningana, kodwa ungahlala esihlalweni ufunde incwadi noma ulalele ingoma phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Izinto okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwelashwa
Ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kukufanele yini, udokotela wakho kuzodingeka azi umlando wakho wezempilo ophelele. Qiniseka ukuthi ubatshela nganoma yiziphi izimo ezilandelayo, ikakhulukazi:
| Isimo sakho sezokwelapha | Kungani kufanele unikeze ulwazi? |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga zamehlo (isib. ama-cataract, i-aphakia uma ilensi isusiwe) | Ngenxa yokuthi lo muthi wenza amehlo azwele ukukhanya, izimo zamehlo ezikhona zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. |
| Isifo senhliziyo, isifo sesibindi | Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo yokwelapha ingabeka ukucindezeleka emzimbeni, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokusebenza kwalezi zitho. |
| Izifo zesikhumba ezifana ne-lupus, i-porphyria, ne-xeroderma | Lezi zimo zingenza isikhumba sizwele kakhulu ekukhanyeni, kanti i-Methoxsalen ingenza kube njalo nakakhulu. |
| Ukuba nomlando womdlavuza wesikhumba noma ukuthola ukwelashwa nge-X-ray/arsenic | Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ukuhlola ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba esikhathini esizayo. |
| Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa | Lo muthi awunconywa kulezi zimo, ngoba ungathinta ingane engakazalwa. |
| Ukungezwani neminye imithi, ukudla, noma izinto ezithile | Qaphela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-Methoxsalen ibe nokungezwani komzimba noma izithako zayo. |
Kubalulekile ukunikeza udokotela wakho uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa ozithathayo (imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, amavithamini, amakhambi, kanye nezithasiselo zokudla). Eminye imithi ingasebenzisana ne-Methoxsalen.
Izinto okufanele uzinake kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa
Kunezinto eziningana okudingeka uzilandele ukuze uphephe ngenkathi uthatha lolu hlobo lokwelashwa.
Ukuvikelwa kwelanga - lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu!
I-Methoxsalen ayigcini nje ngokwenza isikhumba sakho kodwa namehlo akho abe bucayi kakhulu ekukhanyeni. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ugweme ukuchayeka elangeni ngangokunokwenzeka amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa .
- Ungaphumi endlini: hlala endlini ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Uma uphuma ngaphandle: Gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide, ibhulukwe elide, isigqoko, bese umboza umzimba wakho kahle.
- Isikrini sokuvikela ilanga siyadingeka: Faka isivikelo selanga esihle kuzo zonke izindawo zesikhumba ezivezwe elangeni.
- Izibuko Zelanga: Lokhu kuyimfuneko! Gqoka izibuko zelanga ezivimba i-UV eziyi-100%, ezigoqekayo noma nini lapho ubhekene nokukhanya okuncane (ngisho nangaphakathi endlini, uma ukukhanya kuvela ngefasitela) emahoreni okuqala angama-24 ngemuva kokwelashwa . Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukulimala kwamehlo okungenzeka.
- Gwema ukukhanya okwenziwe: Ungasebenzisi izinto ezifana nezibani zelanga kanye nemibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba.
Ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha: Iya njalo ekuhlolweni njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalele.
- Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Bona udokotela wamehlo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ahlolwe amehlo akho.
- Ingozi yomdlavuza: Lokhu kwelashwa kungandisa kancane ingozi yakho yokuthola ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba esikhathini esizayo. Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngale ngozi futhi akucebise ukuthi uhlolwe isikhumba njalo.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, imiphumela emibi ingenzeka. Eminye kufanele ibikwe ngokushesha, kanti eminye ngokuvamile ayibi kakhulu.
| Yazisa udokotela wakho noma isibhedlela esikwelaphayo ngokushesha. | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi noma ubuso. |
| Izinguquko ekuboneni | Ukubona okufiphele, ukubona ngendlela ehlukile kunejwayelekile. |
| Izimpawu zokutheleleka | Umkhuhlane, ukubanda, umphimbo obuhlungu. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi | Isiyezi , amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lapho uvuka. |
| Ngokuvamile akuyona into engathi sína, kodwa yazisa udokotela wakho uma iqhubeka. | |
| Isiyezi , ikhanda elibuhlungu | Kungase kwenzeke isikhathi esithile ngemva kokwelashwa. |
| Isikhumba esomile, ukulunywa | Kungabangelwa ukuzwela kwesikhumba ekukhanyeni. |
| Ukuncipha kwesikhumba, imibimbi | Kungabonakala ekwelashweni kwesikhathi eside. |
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuza ngokweqile?
Njengoba lokhu kunikezwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha esibhedlela, mancane amathuba okusebenzisa ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, uma usola into efana nale, yazisa ngokushesha i-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela. Uma kudingeka, ungacela iseluleko e-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Methoxsalen akuyona i-injection evamile, iyindlela ekhethekile yokwelapha enikezwa kanye nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngokuphelele ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo kanye nazo zonke izimo zezokwelapha onazo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzivikela elangeni amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokwelashwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka izibuko zelanga ezivimba imisebe ye-UV.
- Landela yonke imiyalelo enikezwe udokotela futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uya ezivivinyweni ezihleliwe kanye nemitholampilo.
- Uma ukhathazekile ngenkinga noma umphumela ongemuhle, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngayo.
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