Wake wacabanga ukuthi kulula futhi kushesha kangakanani ukulungiselela ukudla namuhla? Sivula isiqandisi bese sithatha ibhokisi lobisi, sidle ucezu lwesinkwa nethini lenhlanzi esitolo, noma sipheke imifino evela ku-Tiefkühler (ifriji). Konke lokhu kujwayelekile kithi, akunjalo? Kodwa lezi zinto azikho eminyakeni eyi-100 noma engama-200 edlule. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinguquko ezimangalisayo ezenzekile ezintweni esizidlayo, izindlela esizilungisa ngazo, kanye nezindlela esizilondoloza ngazo. Lokhu kufana nohambo oluhamba ngesikhathi.
Izinto ezinkulu ezitholakele ezishintshe ukudla kwethu
Le ndaba iqala eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili edlule. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, abantu bebefuna izindlela ezahlukene zokugcina ukudla isikhathi eside, ukukulungisa kalula, nokukulondoloza. NgeNguquko Yezimboni, lokhu kwenzeka ngesivinini esingenakucatshangwa. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu.
| Unyaka | Ukusungula izinto ezintsha | Lokho kwenzani ezimpilweni zethu? |
|---|---|---|
| 1784 | Umshini wokugaya ufulawa osebenza ngamanzi | Ngaphandle kokuhlupheka kokugaya okusanhlamvu ngesandla nokugaya ufulawa ngetshe lokugaya, kwakungenzeka ukwenza ufulawa omningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isinkwa nemikhiqizo yokubhaka kwaba lula. |
| 1810 | Ibhokisi Lethini | Lokhu kwaba yintuthuko enkulu! Ukudla kwakungagcinwa izinyanga ngisho neminyaka ngaphandle kokubola. Lokhu kwaholela ezintweni esizaziyo sonke 'njengenhlanzi esemathinini' kanye 'nobisi olusemathinini'. Lokhu kwaba usizo kakhulu ekuhlinzekeni ukudla kwamasosha ngesikhathi sezimpi. |
| 1863 | Ukwenziwa kwe-Pasteurization | Lokhu kwatholakala ngusosayensi ogama lakhe linguLouis Pasteur. Lena indlela yokushisa uketshezi olufana nobisi ukuze kubulawe amagciwane angabonakali emehlweni. Amaphakethe obisi, ama-yogurt, neziphuzo zezithelo esiziphuzayo namuhla kuphephile ngenxa yale ndlela. |
| 1924 | Ukuqandisa Okusheshayo | Le ndlela yasiza ekulondolozeni imifino, izithelo, inyama, nenhlanzi isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izakhamzimba kanye nokusha kwazo. Yile ndlela esathola ngayo ulwazi ngezinto ezifana nemifino eqandisiwe kanye ne-ayisikhilimu ezitolo ezinkulu. |
| 1927 | Isiqandisi sokusetshenziswa ekhaya | Cabanga ngempilo ngaphandle kwesiqandisi! Kufanele uye esitolo nsuku zonke uyothenga imifino, futhi kufanele ulahle okusele. Isiqandisi sishintshe ngokuphelele indlela esigcina ngayo ukudla nokupheka. |
| 1928 | Isinkwa Esiqoshiwe | Lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyinto encane, kodwa kulethe lula kakhulu empilweni ematasa. Kwenze kwaba lula kakhulu ukudla isinkwa ngokushesha ekuseni, ukuya emsebenzini, bese usinika izingane esikoleni. |
Igxathu elikhulu kwezolimo: Inguquko Eluhlaza
Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, inani labantu emhlabeni laqala ukukhula ngokushesha. Kwakungekho ukudla okwanele ukondla wonke umuntu. I-Green Revolution yayiyimpendulo kule nselele. Kalula nje, kwakumayelana nokuthola isivuno esiningi ngomhlaba omncane.
Lolu shintsho lwenzeke kanjani?
- Izivundisi Zamakhemikhali: Amafektri akhiqiza i-ammonia, eyayisetshenziswa ukwenza amabhomu ngesikhathi sempi, asetshenziswa ukwenza izivundisi ze-nitrogen ngemva kwempi. Lezi zivundisi zamakhemikhali zandisa isivuno ngendlela engakaze icatshangwe.
- Izibulala-zinambuzane: Ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ukulawula izinambuzane ezilimaza izitshalo kukhuphuke kakhulu. Lokhu kunciphise kakhulu ukulahlekelwa kwezitshalo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini: Esikhathini esidlule, ukulima kwakwenziwa kusetshenziswa izilwane ezinjengezinkabi nezinyathi. Kodwa ngeNguquko Eluhlaza , kwaqalwa ogandaganda.Futhi kwenezelwa imishini eminingi kwezolimo. Lokhu kwavumela umsebenzi owengeziwe ukuba wenziwe ngesikhathi esincane nangomzamo omncane.
Le ntuthuko yiyo eyenze izigidigidi zabantu emhlabeni namuhla bakwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwendlala. Lokho kuyimpumelelo enkulu ngempela.
Kodwa, kukhona olunye uhlangothi lwalokhu. Namuhla, sikhuluma kakhulu ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside yemvelo kanye nempilo yokusebenzisa umanyolo wamakhemikhali kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane, akunjalo? Yingakho umhlaba manje unaka kakhulu izindlela eziqhubekayo njengokulima okungokwemvelo.
Amapuleti ethu okudla azobukeka kanjani esikhathini esizayo?
Uma sibheka lokhu okutholwe esikhathini esidlule, siyaqonda ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokudla abusoze baphela. Ngisho nanamuhla, ososayensi bahlala besungula izinto ezintsha ukuze babhekane nezinselele zomhlaba wesikhathi esizayo.
Cabanga ukuthi ukudla kwethu kuzobukeka kanjani eminyakeni engama-50 ezayo?
- Mhlawumbe inyama esiyidlayo ayiveli ekubulaleni izilwane, kodwa ivela enyameni ekhuliswe elabhorethri.
- Izitshalo eziguqulwe ngofuzo ezinomsoco ongcono kanye nokubekezelela isomiso zingadalwa.
- Izindlela ezintsha zokulima ezinciphisa imfucuza yokudla futhi ezibangela umonakalo omncane emvelweni zingase zivele.
Konke lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ukulondeka kokudla kwethu kanye nokudla okunempilo kuyathuthuka usuku nosuku ngenxa yobuhlakani bomuntu kanye nesidingo. Uhambo olwaqala ngetshe laseKurahan selufinyelele eqophelweni elingacabangeki.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukudla okulula nokuphephile esikujabulelayo namuhla kuwumphumela weminyaka eminingi yentuthuko yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe.
- Izinto ezisunguliwe njengokufaka emathinini, ukubulala amagciwane, kanye nokuqandisa ukudla kwashintsha ukuphepha kokudla kanye nokulula.
- Nakuba i-Green Revolution ikhulise kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kokudla emhlabeni, kumelwe futhi sikhathazeke ngezinkinga zemvelo nezempilo ezihambisana nayo.
- Ubuchwepheshe bokudla buyinsimu eshintsha njalo, futhi kuzoqhubeka nokuvela okusha ukuze kunqotshwe izinselele zokudla zesikhathi esizayo.
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