Wake wahamba ngezinyawo ungafake zicathulo emhlabathini omanzi, ikakhulukazi inhlabathi engcolile? Mhlawumbe bekungesikhathi usebenza engadini noma udlala. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi isitha esincane esingacabangi ngaso singacasha kule nhlabathi? Leso sitha 'yi-hookworm'. Lesi yisilwane esingangena emathunjini ethu futhi sibangele izifo eziningi. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngamagama alula namuhla.
Kalula nje, ubani lo Hookworm?
Ama-hookworm yizinambuzane ezihlala emathunjini ethu. I-parasite ngumuntu odinga umzimba wesinye isidalwa esiphilayo (isilwane noma umuntu) ukuze asinde. Ama-hookworm, njengoba igama lisho, yizibungu ezincane ezinekhanda eligobile njengehhuku. Zisebenzisa leli khanda ukuzinamathisela odongeni lwamathumbu ethu. Zimunca igazi lethu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-hookworm athelela abantu. Yi-`(Ancylostoma duodenale)` kanye ne-`(Necator americanus)`. Amaqanda (izibungu) zalezi zibungu angena esikhumbeni sethu, angene emzimbeni, ahambe egazini, bese ekugcineni afinyelela emathunjini, lapho akhula khona abe izibungu ezindala.
Cabanga ukuthi lokhu kuvame kangakanani, njengoba cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-740 emhlabeni wonke behlushwa yi-hookworm. Kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo, lapho ukuhlanzeka kungcolile futhi abantu behamba ngezinyawo emhlabathini ongcolile.
Lesi sibungu singena kanjani emizimbeni yethu?
Lona umjikelezo olula kakhulu. Ake siwuqonde kancane kancane.
1. Ukungcola kwenhlabathi: Amaqanda e-hookworm akhishwa endaweni ezungezile ngendle (indle) yomuntu onesifo se-hookworm. La maqanda avame kakhulu ezindaweni lapho kungekho khona izindlu zangasese, njengokuchitha indle evulekile noma ukusetshenziswa kwendle yabantu njengomanyolo.
2. Ukungena ngesikhumba: Manje, uma uhamba ngezinyawo emhlabathini onamaqanda anje, izibungu eziphuma kulawo maqanda zingabhoboza isikhumba ezithendeni zakho zingene emzimbeni wakho.
3. Ukuhamba emzimbeni: Ngemva kokungena ngesikhumba, lezi zibungu zihamba ngegazi ziye enhliziyweni yakho bese ziya emaphashini akho.
4. Ukungena emathunjini: Ngemva kokufinyelela emaphashini, uyakhwehlela bese lokhu kukhuphukela emphinjeni wakho. Bese, ungaqapheli, uyawagwinya. Izibungu ezigwinyiwe zidlula esiswini zingene emathunjini amancane, lapho zinamathela khona odongeni.
5. Ukukhula nokubeka amaqanda: Uma sezisemathunjini, lezi zibungu zikhula zibe izibungu ezikhule ngokugcwele. Bese ziqala ukubeka amaqanda. La maqanda aphinde adluliselwe esitulweni sakho, lapho angaxutshwa khona nomhlabathi bese ethelela abanye.
Lonke lolu hlelo lungathatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Into emangalisayo ukuthi lezi zibungu zingaphila emzimbeni wakho iminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu .
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginesifo se-hookworm?
Esikhathini esiningi, abantu abaningi abanalesi sifo ababonisi zimpawu. Kodwa njengoba lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela. Ekuqaleni, kuba nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu.
| Uhlobo lwesibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zesikhumba | Kungase kuvele ukuqubuka okubomvu endaweni lapho isibungu singena khona esikhumbeni, ngokuvamile ezinyaweni. |
| Izici zesistimu yokuphefumula | Njengoba izibungu zezibungu zihamba emaphashini, kungase kube nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, noma ukuphelelwa umoya. |
| Izici zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa, isifo sohudo, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo kungase kwenzeke. |
| Izimpawu ezibangelwa yi-anemia | Njengoba lezi zibungu ziqhubeka nokumunca igazi, umzimba ulahlekelwa yigazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi . Lokhu kungabangela ukukhathala, isiyezi, ubunzima bokuphefumula, kanye nesikhumba esikhanyayo. |
Ingabe lokhu kungaba yinto engathi sína?
Yebo. Uma lokhu kutheleleka kungelashwa isikhathi eside, kungaba kubi kakhulu. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni.
- Imiphumela ezinganeni: Ukulahlekelwa igazi namaprotheni isikhathi eside emzimbeni kungaholela ekukhuleni okulinganiselwe ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ezinganeni. Ukukhubazeka kokufunda nakho kungase kwenzeke.
- Imiphumela kubantu abadala: Ukuntuleka kwegazi okukhulu kungabangela ukukhathala, isiyezi, ukuphelelwa umoya, ubuhlungu besifuba kanye nokuqhaqhazela kwemisipha.
Singakuthola lokhu ezilwaneni ezifuywayo?
Lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi. Uhlobo lwe-hookworm olutholwa yizinja namakati luhlukile kohlobo olutholwa ngabantu ngokuvamile. Nakuba izibungu zalezo zilwane zingangena esikhumbeni sethu futhi zingene, azikwazi ukukhula zibe izibungu ezinkulu futhi zibeke amaqanda emathunjini ethu.
Kodwa-ke, uma izibungu zalezi zilwane zihamba ngaphansi kwesikhumba, zibangela ukuqubuka okubomvu nokulumayo ebusweni besikhumba. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi "ama-cutaneous larva migrans".
Udokotela uhlonza futhi aphathe kanjani lokhu?
Uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuthatha isampula yendle yakho. Angayibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze abone ukuthi ikhona yini amaqanda e-hookworm.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma usanda kuya endaweni lapho lesi sifo sivame khona, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe igazi (Complete Blood Count - CBC). Lokhu kuhlolwa kungahlola ukwanda kohlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi (ama-eosinophil) egazini lakho, ngisho namasonto ngaphambi kokuba amaqanda atholakale esitulweni sakho.
Ukwelashwa kulula kakhulu futhi kuyasebenza. Udokotela uzokubhalela umuthi we-anthelmintic, njengeMebendazole noma i-Albendazole, ozowuthatha usuku olulodwa kuya kweziyisikhombisa ukuze uqede ngokuphelele izimuncagazi.
Uma une-anemia, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka nokuthi uthathe izithasiselo zensimbi . Ngemva kokuthatha imithi, cishe zonke izimpawu ziyanyamalala.
Singazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo se-hookworm?
Ukuvimbela lokhu kulula kakhulu kunokukwelapha. Sidinga nje ukwenza izinto ezimbalwa ezilula kakhulu.
| Indlela yokuvikela | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Ukugqoka izicathulo | Gqoka izicathulo noma izimbadada njalo uma uhamba emhlabathini ongase ungcoliswe yindle, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza engadini. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. |
| Ukuhlanzeka okuhle | Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese nangaphambi kokudla. Lo mkhuba usivikela ezifweni eziningi. |
| Ukulahlwa kwemfucuza okufanele | Sebenzisa izindlu zangasese ezifanele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Gwema ukuzikhulula endaweni evulekile. |
| Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo | Ungalokothi usebenzise indle yabantu njengomanyolo wezitshalo. |
Uma uzwa ukulunywa ezinyaweni zakho, ukwehla kwesisindo ngendlela engachazeki, ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukukhathala njalo, noma isiyezi, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko. Ungesabi, lesi yisimo esingelapheka kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo se-hookworm siwukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-parasite etholakala enhlabathini engcolile.
- Lezi zibungu zezibungu zingena esikhumbeni ezinyaweni zethu, zingene emzimbeni, bese ziya emathunjini ukuze zimunce igazi.
- Nakuba abantu abaningi bengenazo izimpawu, bangase babe nobuhlungu esiswini, ukwehla kwesisindo, kanye ne-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi.
- Lokhu kungaba nomthelela omkhulu, ikakhulukazi ekukhuleni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwezingane.
- Ungazivikela ngokuphelele kulesi sifo ngokugqoka izicathulo njalo uma uhamba emhlabathini ongcolile nangokuzijwayeza imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka.
- Uma unezimpawu, bona udokotela. Lokhu kungelashwa kalula ngemithi.
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