Ingabe umongo wakho awusebenzi kahle? Ake sixoxe ngokucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression!

Ingabe nawe uzizwa sengathi awuzizwa kahle, ugula njalo, noma uphuma igazi ngisho nangenxeba elincane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi welashwa umdlavuza noma olunye ukugula? Ngemuva kwalezi zinto, kungase kube nokucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression , isimo lapho umongo wethambo ungasebenzi kahle . Ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula.

Kuyini ukucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression? Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, ingabe kuwubuthakathaka bomnkantsha wamathambo?

Kalula nje, yebo! Umnkantsha uyizicubu ezithambile nezithambile ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho. Cabanga ngakho njengefektri yomzimba wethu yokwenza igazi . Le fektri ikhiqiza izigidigidi zamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet, abalulekile ekusindeni kwethu, futhi iwafaka egazini lethu. Uhlobo ngalunye lweseli lunomsebenzi ohlukile emzimbeni wethu. Umnkantsha wamathambo ukhulisa noma wehlisa lokhu kukhiqizwa kuye ngezidingo zomzimba wethu.

Manje, esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-myelosuppression , umsebenzi wale fektri yomnkantsha uyaphazamiseka ngesizathu esithile. Ngemuva kwalokho, amaseli egazi nama-platelet awakwazi ukukhiqizwa kahle. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali omdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wegazi kanye namanye amagciwane nazo zingabangela ukwehluleka komnkantsha.

Ziyini izimpawu zokucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression?

Izimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kuye ngokuthi umnkantsha wakho ukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, noma ama-platelet.

Uma amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ehla - I-Anemia

Amaseli abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wakho wonke. Uma enganele , kuvela i-anemia . Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukukhathala
• Ukuphelelwa umoya / ukuphelelwa umoya
• Isiyezi
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile/ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ukuzwa komsindo wokukhala ezindlebeni, ngezinye izikhathi okuhambisana nomsindo "wokushaya" kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo (i-Pulsatile tinnitus)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukuphaphatheka kombala wesikhumba
• Ubuhlungu besifuba

I-Neutropenia - ukwehla kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (ikakhulukazi ama-neutrophil)

Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi alwa namagciwane angena emizimbeni yethu futhi asivikele ekuthelelekeni . Uhlobo olulodwa lwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi lubizwa ngokuthi ama-neutrophils . Lapho umongo wethambo ukhiqiza ama-neutrophils ambalwa ngenxa yokucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-neutropenia . I-Neutropenia ayinazo izimpawu ezithile, kodwa ngenxa yalokhuUkutheleleka okuvamile kungenzeka, futhi yilapho kuvela khona izimpawu.

• Umkhuhlane (ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokuthi i-febrile neutropenia )
• Ukukhathala
• Umphimbo obuhlungu/ukutheleleka (Umphimbo obuhlungu/i-pharyngitis)
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele
• Izilonda emlonyeni noma eduze kwendunu
• Uhudo
• Ukusha uma uchama, uzizwa sengathi udinga ukuchama ngokushesha, ukuchama njalo

Uma ama-platelet ehla - i-Thrombocytopenia

Ama-platelet asiza ekulawuleni ukopha . Uma la mazinga ehla, kuvela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-thrombocytopenia . Lokhu kungabangela:

• Ukopha okuhlala isikhathi eside, ngisho noma kubangelwa inxeba elincane, noma ubunzima bokuvimba ukopha ekhaleni.
• Imivimbo ibonakala ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile.
• Ukuvela kwamabala amancane abomvu (njengokuqubuka) emilenzeni engezansi - lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-petechiae .
• Amabala abomvu, onsomi, noma ansundu esikhumbeni - lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-purpura .

Uma zonke izinhlobo zamaseli egazi zincipha - i-Pancytopenia

Ngezinye izikhathi, wonke la maseli egazi amathathu—amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet—angaba mancane ngesikhathi esisodwa . Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-pancytopenia . Njenge-neutropenia, lesi akusona isifo ngokwaso, kodwa kungaba uphawu lwesimo sezokwelapha esingaphansi.

Kungani kwenzeka ukucindezelwa kwe-myelosuppression? Ziyini izimbangela?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-chemotherapy iyimbangela evame kakhulu . Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izimbangela.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy, kanye nokucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression

Izinhlobo eziningana zemithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali zingabangela lokhu. Ezinye zezidakamizwa ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Fluorouracil
• I-Oxaliplatin
• I-Irinotecan
• I-Capecitabine

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa ngamaseli e-CAR T, uhlobo lokwelashwa nge -immunotherapy , kungaphazamisa ukusebenza komnkantsha wamathambo futhi kunciphise ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi nama-platelet.

Umdlavuza Wegazi kanye Nokucindezelwa Kwegazi

Eminye imidlavuza yegazi ingaphazamisa nokukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi okuvamile. Isibonelo, emidlavuza efana ne -leukemia, i-lymphoma, kanye ne-myeloma , amaseli omdlavuza angajwayelekile akhula kakhulu emnkantsheni wamathambo futhi amise ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli egazi anempilo nama-platelet.

Amagciwane kanye nokucindezelwa kwe-myelosuppression

Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zingaphazamisa inqubo yokwenza igazi emnkantsheni wethambo. Cabanga ukuthi lapho igciwane lingena emzimbeni, izivikelo zomzimba wethu, okungukuthi amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, zilwa naleli gciwane. Phakathi nalokhu kulwa, umnkantshe ungakhiqiza inani elincane lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi nama-platelet. Ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi amanye amagciwane athelela ngqo amangqamuzana akha igazi emnkantsheni wethambo, okunciphisa inani lamangqamuzana egazi. Amanye amagciwane atholakale ehlotshaniswa nalesi simo sokucindezeleka kwegazi yile:

• Igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV)
• Igciwane le-Hepatitis C
• I-Parvovirus B19
• I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
• Igciwane elibangela i-chickenpox (i-Chickenpox / varicella zoster)
• Igciwane le-HIV (i-HIV)
• Umkhuhlane we-dengue

Ingabe ukucindezelwa kwe-myelosuppression kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila . Isibonelo, ukwehla okungazelelwe kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi (i-anemia ebukhali) noma ukwehla kwama-platelet (ukopha okungalawuleki) .

Okubalulekile: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma welashwa umdlavuza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi simo ngokunembile?

Lokhu kutholakala kakhulu ngokuhlolwa kwegazi . Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kuhlola ukuthi umnkantsha wakho ukhiqiza amaseli egazi nama-platelet ngendlela evamile yini.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufana nalokhu kungenziwa:

• Inani legazi eliphelele (i-CBC)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MCV (Umthamo omaphakathi we-corpuscular / ukuhlolwa kwe-MCV)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-RDW (Ububanzi bokusatshalaliswa kwamaseli abomvu / Ukuhlolwa kwe-RDW)
• Inani lama-reticulocyte
• I-smear yegazi engaphandle
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MPV (Ukuhlolwa kwevolumu yama-platelet aphakathi / i-MPV)

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-myelosuppression?

Odokotela baphatha lokhu ngalezi zindlela:

• Uma imbangela yokucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression kuyi-chemotherapy, umthamo we-chemotherapy kufanele wehliswe noma umiswe okwesikhashana .
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi ukuze kwandiswe amazinga amangqamuzana abomvu egazi kanye nama-platelet.
• Ukukunikeza imithi esiza umongo wakho wamathambo ukuthi wakhe amaseli egazi nama-platelet engeziwe.

Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa ukuthi singenzeki?

Ukucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression kuvame ukwenzeka njengomphumela ongemuhle wokwelashwa komdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bahlala beqaphile ngale miphumela emibi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza. Bazohlola ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho njalo futhi benze izinguquko ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Yini engingayilindela uma ngine-myelosuppression?

Abantu abaningi bathola lesi simo ngoba bathola i-chemotherapy. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho uzoqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi i-chemotherapy ithinta kanjani umongo wakho wamathambo. Kungase kudingeke uthathe ikhefu elifushane ekwelashweni komdlavuza ukuze uvumele umongo wakho wamathambo ukuthi uphinde wakhe inani lamaseli egazi.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Ukucindezela i-myelosuppression kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo nokopha . Ungenza lezi zinto ukunciphisa le ngozi:

• Thola imijovo yokuvikela amagciwane avamile.
• Ukuzijwayeza imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka , njengokugeza izandla njalo nokugwema abantu abagulayo.
• Zivikele ezimweni lapho ungalimala noma usikeke khona . Isibonelo, qaphela lapho usebenzisa izikhali ezibukhali.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Kungani nginalesi simo sokucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression?
• Lesi simo sithinta kanjani umzimba wami?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Ingabe ukwelashwa kuzoyelapha ngokuphelele i-myelosuppression yami?

Isifinyezo: Okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya)

Umnkantsha wakho wamathambo uyingxenye ebalulekile yomzimba wakho. Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi alwa nokutheleleka, ama-platelet asiza ukujiya kwegazi lakho - konke kwenziwa lapho. Ukucindezeleka kwe-myelosuppression kwenzeka lapho umnkantsha wakho wamathambo uyeka ukusebenza ngesizathu esithile. Imbangela evame kakhulu ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali omdlavuza, kodwa futhi ingabangelwa umdlavuza wegazi namagciwane athile. Ungakhathazeki. Odokotela bazothola imbangela futhi bayiphathe ngendlela efanele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha uma unezimpawu ezingavamile futhi ulandele iseluleko sabo ngokucophelela. Awuwedwa, futhi kukhona odokotela abangakusiza kulolu hambo.

Ukucindezeleka Kwe- Myelosuppression, Ukucindezeleka Kwe-Bone Marrow, Ukucindezeleka Kwe-Bone Marrow, Amaseli Egazi Abomvu, Amaseli Egazi Amhlophe, Ama-Platelet, Ukwelashwa Nge-Chemotherapy, Umdlavuza, I-Anemia, I-Neutropenia, I-Thrombocytopenia, Ukutheleleka