Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho sihleli nje sithule, umsipha emzimbeni wethu uyanyakaza ngokuzumayo, akunjalo? Mhlawumbe sesizolala bese sivuka sididekile. Izinto ezinjengalezi zivame ukwenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu. Kodwa uma lokhu kunyakaza kwemisipha kuqhubeka, uma kuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esithile sezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi iyini le 'Myoclonus', iyini imbangela yayo, nokuthi kufanele sikhathazeke nini ngayo.
Kuyini i-Myoclonus?
Kalula nje, i-Myoclonus ukugxumagxuma noma ukuqaqamba kwemisipha eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ngokuzumayo, okungenangozi, futhi okufushane. Kungaba njengokushaqeka kukagesi futhi kuhlale isikhathi esincane. Kungathinta imisipha eyodwa engalweni, emlenzeni, ehlombe, okhalweni, emhlane, noma ebusweni, noma kungathinta imisipha eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngisho nomuntu ophilile angabhekana nalokhu ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yakhe. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba uphawu lwezimo eziningana zezempilo ezimbi kakhulu.
I-Myoclonus ingenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- I-myoclonus enhle: Yilapho imisipha ifinyela khona ngokuzumayo.
- I-myoclonus engemihle: Lokhu ukuphumula kwemisipha ngokuzumayo. Ngokwezokwelapha, kubizwa nangokuthi "i-Asterixis". Kubonakala ngokuthuthumela okushaywa yisandla.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-Myoclonus?
Kunezimbangela eziningi ze-myoclonus. Ezinye zivame kakhulu futhi zilindelekile. Kodwa ezinye zingabangelwa izimo zezokwelapha ezithinta izinhlelo ezahlukene emzimbeni wethu. Ochwepheshe bahlukanisa lezi zimbangela zibe yizigaba ezine eziyinhloko.
Izimbangela ezivamile, zomzimba (i-Physiological Myoclonus)
Lezi yizinhlobo ze-myoclonus ezingenangozi ezibangelwa izinqubo ezivamile emizimbeni yethu. Asikho isizathu sokwesaba lokhu.
- Ama-Hiccups: Lolu uhlobo lwe-Myoclonus. Kodwa-ke, uma luqhubeka izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili, kungcono ukubona udokotela.
- Ukugxumagxuma kwe-sleep myoclonus/Hypnic: Ukugxumagxuma komzimba ngokuzumayo , kungaba lapho usuzolala noma lapho usuzovuka. Lokhu kuvamile kubantu abaningi.
- Ukusabela kokushaqeka: Uma sithukile noma simangala ngokuzumayo, imizimba yethu iyagxumagxuma ngokungalawuleki.
I-Myoclonus ebangelwa yisifo sokuwa
Lokhu kushukuma kwemisipha kungenzeka kwezinye izimo zesifo sokuwa. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu `(ukuxhuzula kwe-myoclonic)`. Kungahlotshaniswa nezimo ezifana `(i-Lennox-Gastaut syndrome)` kanye `(isifo sokuwa kwe-myoclonic sezingane)`.
Njengesibonakaliso sesinye isimo sezokwelapha (i-Secondary Myoclonus)
Uma i-myoclonus ivela njengophawu lwesinye isifo, ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Secondary Myoclonus'. Kunezinto eziningi ezingadala lokhu. Ake sifunde kabanzi ngakho kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isici esibangela | Incazelo nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Izifo ezizenzakalelayo | Izifo lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona amangqamuzana awo. Isibonelo: (Isifo se-Celiac) . |
| Ukungalingani kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni | Isifo sezinso noma sesibindi, izinkinga ze-thyroid, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini noma amaminerali, kanye nokungalingani kwama-electrolyte . |
| Izilonda zobuchopho | Ukulimala kwezicubu zobuchopho ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo (i-cerebral hypoxia) noma isifo sohlangothi. |
| Izifo zobuchopho eziwohlokayo | Isibonelo: i-dementia ehlobene (nesifo sika-Alzheimer) , (i-Lewy body dementia) , kanye (nesifo sikaParkinson) . |
| Izinkinga zofuzo | Izifo ezibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwe-DNA okungazuzwa kubazali. Isibonelo: (Isifo sikaKrabbe) , (Isifo sikaWilson) . |
| Izifo | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane okuthinta ubuchopho noma uhlelo lwezinzwa. Isibonelo: (igciwane le-Herpes simplex) , (isifo se-Lyme). |
| Ukulimala kwemizwa noma umgogodla | Ingozi iphazamisa ukuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho nezingxenye zomzimba, okubangela ukuthi lezo zingxenye zisebenze ngokungazelelwe. |
| Imithi nezidakamizwa | Lokhu kungabangelwa yizidakamizwa ezithathwa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela (njengotshwala, i-cocaine, i-heroin). Kungabangelwa futhi yimithi enqunywe udokotela, njengemithi yokulwa nesifo sokuwa, imithi yokucindezeleka , imithi yomfutho wegazi, kanye nama-antibiotic . |
| Ubuthi kanye nobuthi | Ukungenisa izinsimbi ezisindayo ezifana nomthofu, i-manganese, i-mercury. Ubuthi obufana nezibulala-zinambuzane (isib. i-methyl bromide ). |
I-Essential Myoclonus
Lesi yisimo sofuzo esidluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye. Ngokuvamile asibangeli monakalo futhi asibi sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ukuphuza utshwala kungenza lokhu kushukuma kwemisipha kubonakale kakhudlwana.
Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?
I-Myoclonus yinto eyenzeka ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Ngakho-ke izinhlobo ze-myoclonus esikhulume ngazo ngaphambilini, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-physiological and essential myoclonus, azinakuvinjelwa.
Kodwa-ke, singakwazi ukulawula izimo ze-myoclonus ezibangelwa ezinye izifo (ezesibili) kanye nesifo sokuwa (isifo sokuwa) ngezinga elithile.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa: Gwema ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingabhalwanga udokotela. Futhi, uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi obhalwe udokotela, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Zikhona ukukusiza, hhayi ukukwahlulela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ekuphepheni kwakho kanye nokwelashwa okufanele ukubatshela ngakho konke okusebenzisile.
- Vikela uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa: Ukusebenzisa imishini yokuphepha njengezigqoko zokuzivikela namabhande esihlalo kungavimbela ukulimala ebuchosheni bakho nasemgogodleni.
- Lawula izimo ezingamahlalakhona: Uma unezimo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sokuwa noma isifo se-thyroid, ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni noma ekunciphiseni ukwenzeka kwe-myoclonus.
Kufanele simbone nini udokotela?
Ukuqaqamba okuvamile akudingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kuqaqamba kwemisipha kuqhubeka, ikakhulukazi uma kuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke noma ukulala, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela.
Khumbula, asikho isidingo sokwesaba ngento efana nokuqubuka okuvamile. Kodwa uma lokhu kuqubuka kuqhubeka, kungaba uphawu lokuthile okungathi sína, ngakho-ke kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Uma usola ukuthi udle ubuthi, iya esibhedlela i-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngokushesha. Ungashayela ne-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Ezinye izinhlobo ezithile ze-myoclonus
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezithile ze-myoclonus, ezenzeka kuphela emaqenjini athile eminyaka noma ngezindlela ezithile.
I-myoclonus yokulala yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa engeyinhle
Lesi yisimo esithinta izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Lezi zingane zishukunyiswa yizitho noma imizimba yazo ngokuzumayo ngenkathi zilele. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale sengathi yisifo sokuwa uma uqala ukusibona, i-electroencephalogram (EEG) ayibonisi noma yimuphi umsebenzi wesifo sokuwa. Lokhu akulimazi ingane futhi ngokuvamile kuyanyamalala ngokuphelele lapho ingane inezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.
I-myoclonus yendlebe ephakathi
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umsipha obizwa ngokuthi i-tensor tympani endlebeni yakho ufinyela ngokungalawuleki. Ngokuvamile, lo msipha ufinyela lapho sikhuluma, sidla, noma sihleka ukuze sivikele indlebe yangaphakathi. Kodwa kulokhu, lo msipha ufinyela ngesikhathi esingafanele, okubangela umsindo wokuchofoza noma wokuqhuma njalo endlebeni. Lokhu kuyacasula, kodwa akuyona ingozi. Kungelashwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngezinye izindlela.
I-Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (i-OMS)
I-Opsoclonus ukunyakaza okuzenzakalelayo kwemisipha elawula indlela amehlo ahamba ngayo. I-OMS yisimo esingavamile lapho kokubili ukudikiza kwamehlo kanye nokudikiza kwemisipha yomzimba kwenzeka ndawonye. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ethu ehlasela ngephutha isimiso sethu sezinzwa. Ezinganeni, lokhu kusabela kwamasosha omzimba kungabangelwa uhlobo lomdlavuza wobuchopho olubizwa ngokuthi i-neuroblastoma. Kwabantu abadala, lesi simo singahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, webele, noma wesibeletho.
I-Palatal myoclonus
Lolu uhlobo lwe-myoclonus oluthinta imisipha yomlomo othambile ngaphakathi komlomo wethu. Lokhu kungabangela umsindo ongavamile 'wokuchofoza' endlebeni. Lokhu kungaba yifa noma uphawu lohlobo oluthile lomonakalo wobuchopho. Lesi simo singalawulwa ngemithi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Myoclonus ukudikiza kwemisipha okungazelelwe. Izinto ezinjengokudikiza nokuhamba ulele zivamile futhi azinangozi.
- Kodwa uma lokhu kudikiza kwemisipha kuqhubeka, kwenzeka njalo, kunzima, noma kuphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke, kungaba uphawu lwesinye isimo sezokwelapha.
- Esimweni esinjalo, ungasinaki, futhi nakanjani bonana nodokotela wakho.
- Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela, okunganqunywa udokotela wakho kuphela.
- Ukukhuluma ngokwethembeka nodokotela wakho ngemithi noma ezinye izinto ozithathayo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni okunembile kanye nokwelashwa okuphephile.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Yisiphi isifo esinqunyelwe amaphilisi e-Metoprolol Tartrate / Lopressor?
Leli 'philisi lenhliziyo' eliphumelela kakhulu futhi elinamandla, elisebenza ngokushesha emhlabeni (i-Cardioselective Beta-blocker)! Liyi-'Tartrate', ngakho-ke limuncwa ngokushesha emzimbeni uma lithathwa. Odokotela bayisebenzisela ukulawula 'umfutho wegazi ophezulu' onzima, i-angina, futhi ikakhulukazi njengomuthi wokuqala wokusindisa impilo yesiguli emizuzwini embalwa ngemva 'kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo'.
💬 Leli philisi lenhliziyo elisheshayo (i-Metoprolol Tartrate) liwehlisa kanjani umfutho wegazi kanye nokukhathala kwenhliziyo?
Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha ngenxa yomyalezo othi 'adrenaline (Epinephrine)' othunyelwa usuka ebuchosheni. Lapho nje leli philisi lingena emzimbeni, liya ngqo enhliziyweni esizokufa ngaphandle komoya-mpilo, futhi amasango angu-100% angena kuwo i-adrenaline (ama-Beta-1 Receptors) ayavalwa/avalwe, futhi avalwe ngenkani. Njengoba kungekho ndlela yokuthi umyalezo udlule, inhliziyo imane yehlise ijubane bese iqala ukushaya lapho iphumule. Bese umthwalo enhliziyweni uyancipha futhi isiguli sisindiswa ekufeni.
💬 Kungani kuthiwa ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi (i-Lopressor) ngokuzumayo? Yiziphi izingozi (Isexwayiso Sebhokisi Elimnyama)?
Uma uthatha leli philisi izinyanga bese 'uyeka ngokuzumayo', wonke lawo ma-receptor e-adrenaline avaliwe azovuleka ngokuzumayo ngokungalawuleki! Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemizuzu embalwa, uzoba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okukhulu futhi inhliziyo yakho izoma (i-Angina Exacerbation / Myocardial Infarction / Severe Tachycardia) okuyingozi kakhulu kangangokuthi ungafa! Futhi, leli philisi lingayinciphisa kakhulu ijubane lenhliziyo yakho futhi libangele isiyezi/ukozela ngokweqile/ukungalali/ukukhathala.
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