Awukwazi yini ukubona kude nawe? Ake sifunde ngesimo esibucayi ngaphakathi kweso? (Ukonakala kwe-Myopic)

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ubona izinto ezikude kodwa izinto eziseduze kuphela ngokucacile? Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukubona eduze' noma '(i-Myopia)'. Nakuba lokhu kuyinto evamile kubantu abaningi, ngezinye izikhathi le nkinga yokubona kude ingafinyelela ezingeni elibi kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-'(Retina)', okuyingqimba ebucayi kakhulu ngaphakathi kweso, okungukuthi, indawo lapho sibona khona izithombe, iqala ukonakala. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi '(Ukonakala kwe-Myopic)' noma '(I-Myopia Ewohlokayo)'. Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyiqaphele, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo unganda futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokulahlekelwa umbono unomphela . Kodwa ungakhathazeki, akuwona wonke umuntu obona eduze ohlakulela lokhu. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bathi lesi simo sithinta umuntu oyedwa kuphela kwabangu-33 emhlabeni.

Ngakho-ke yiziphi izimpawu `(Ukonakala kwe-Myopic)`?

Uphawu lokuqala olukhulu ukubona eduze kakhulu . Lokhu kusho ukuthi imithi yakho yezibuko zakho iphakeme kakhulu. Njengoba lesi simo siqhubeka, uzoqala ukubona izinguquko ebangeni lakho lokubona, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni ephakathi yombono wakho . Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Uma ubheka, ungase ubone ibala elimnyama noma indawo efiphele phakathi nendawo yokubona kwakho . Kungase kube njengendawo engaboni lapho ungaboni lutho khona.
• Eminye imibala kunzima ukuyibona .
• Sidinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe kunangaphambili ukuze sibone izinto ngokucacile.
• Uma ubheka izinto ngemigqa eqondile, zibonakala zinwebekile futhi zishwabene .
• Ungase ubone izinto ezincane ezimnyama zintanta phambi kwamehlo akho (ama-floater) , noma ungase ubone ukukhanya .

Uma uya kudokotela wamehlo, uma esola lesi simo, uzohlola amehlo akho bese ebheka izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Izinguquko esimweni se-macula, isikhungo sokubona kwakho, okubalulekile ukuze ubone kahle.
• Ukopha kwe-retinal, ukuncipha, ukuqhekeka, noma ukuvuvukala.
• Ukwakheka kwezimbobo ze-macular enkabeni yombono.
• Ukubhoboka kwe-macular kwenzeka enkabeni yombono (i-Macula).

Kungani sithola i-Myopic Degeneration?

Kalula nje, imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukubona eduze kakhulu . Uma umuthi wakho wamehlo ungowe-`(-6.00 diopters)` noma ngaphezulu, kubhekwa njengonzima. Noma ubude beliso lakho kusukela phambili kuya ngemuva bungaba amamilimitha angu-26 noma ngaphezulu. Cabanga, lapho sizama ukubona okuthile ngokucacile, imisipha yethu yamehlo isebenza kanzima kunokujwayelekile. Lapho amehlo ethu ecindezelwa njalo, ulwelwesi oluthambile ngaphakathi kweliso olubizwa ngokuthi i-`(Retina)` alukwazi ukumelana nalokhu kudonswa. Yilokho okubangela umonakalo ku-retina.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?

Kunezici eziningana ezicacile zengozi ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Myopic Degeneration:

• Ubunzima be-Myopia: Ingozi iyanda kuye ngokuthi i-Myopia yakho inzima kangakanani, noma ukuthi imithi yakho iphakeme kangakanani.
• Ubude be-eyeball: Uma i-eyeball yakho inkulu, okungukuthi, uma i-eyeball yakho ide, kulapho ingozi yakho yokuba nalesi simo iba nkulu khona.
• Ubudala: Le ngozi inganda ngokweminyaka yakho, noma ukuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani une-myopia.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ochwepheshe basola ukuthi ezinye izici eziningana zingase zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni noma ekubhebhethekeni kwalesi simo:

• Umlando womndeni kanye nezakhi zofuzo: Kunobufakazi bokuthi i-myopia idluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kuqondwe kahle ukuthi izakhi zofuzo kanye nomlando womndeni kuthinta kanjani ukuwohloka kwe-myopic.
• Ubulili: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo.
• Uhlanga nobuzwe: Nakuba kuthiwa abantu bozalo lwase-Asia basengozini enkulu, akukho siphetho esiqinisekile ngalokhu.
• Izici zemvelo: Lezi yizinto ezenzeka empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Isibonelo, uma kufanele ubhekisise okuthile ngenxa yomsebenzi wakho noma into oyithandayo, noma uma ugqoke amalensi afanele. Cabanga ngakho, abanye abantu bachitha isikhathi esiningi sosuku lwabo besebenzisa amafoni abo, amakhompyutha, noma bebuka umbhalo omncane. Amehlo abo ayakhathala kakhulu. Izinto ezinjalo zingathinta nalokhu.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwe-Myopic?

Izinkinga eziyinhloko zalesi simo zonke zihlobene nezicubu ze-retina yakho. Lezi zinkinga yilezi:

• Ukuvuselelwa Kwemithambo Yegazi: Lapho izicubu eziku-retina zincipha, imithambo yegazi emidala iyaphuka bese yopha igazi. Umzimba ube usuzama ukudala imithambo yegazi emisha ukuze ubuyisele ukugeleza kwegazi, kodwa le mithambo yegazi emisha ibangela umonakalo owengeziwe ku-retina.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwezingqimba: Njengoba izicubu ze-retina zincipha, ingozi yokuthi izingqimba ze-retina zihlukane, noma i-retina idabuke noma ihlukane, iyanda.
• Ukubona okuphansi: Izinguquko okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla zingaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela, ukulahlekelwa umbono okukhulu, noma ngisho nokungaboni .

Okubalulekile: Uma kwenzeka lezi zinkinga, ukubona kungase kungabuyiselwa uma kungelashwa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unezimpawu.

Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi simo (i-Myopic Degeneration)?

Odokotela bamehlo bangaxilonga ukuwohloka kwe-myopic ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene. Iningi lalezi zivivinyo lenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Ungase ungaziboni izinguquko eziningi ngaphakathi kweso lakho ngenxa yokuwohloka kwe-myopic, noma uqaphele umehluko omkhulu ekuboneni kwakho ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wamehlo oqeqeshiwe uyazi ngalezi zinguquko, ngakho uzosebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile, izivivinyo, noma imishini yokuzibona. Bangase futhi bakucele ukuthi ubheke ishadi elibizwa ngokuthi i-Amsler grid ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini izindawo ezingaboni kahle noma ukuphazamiseka emkhakheni wakho wokubona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezivivinyo zesithombe ezingasiza ekuxilongeni i-Myopic Degeneration. Lezi yizi:

• I-Fluorescein angiography kanye ne-Indocyanine green angiography: Lezi izivivinyo ezikhethekile ezibheka isimo semithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kweso.
• I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT): Lokhu kuthatha ingxenye evundlile ye-retina futhi kungabona ngisho nezinguquko ezincane ezingqimbeni zayo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yamehlo `(i-ultrasound yamehlo)`

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Myopic Degeneration?

Ukwelashwa kwe-Myopic Degeneration kuhlose ukuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu nokulungisa noma yiziphi izinkinga okungenzeka ukuthi zenzeke ngangokunokwenzeka.

Nazi ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha ezibaluleke kakhulu:

• Ukulungiswa kokubona: Ukugqoka izibuko ezifanele noma ama-contact lens kunganciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamehlo. Kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma ekunciphiseni izinguquko ku-retina.
• Imithi: Imizimba yethu isebenzisa iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) ukuze ikhule imithambo yegazi emisha. Imithi yokulwa ne-VEGF isebenza ngokuvimba le phrotheni ukuthi ingasebenzi. Lena imithi efakwa esweni.
• Ukwelashwa nge-laser kanye nokwelashwa nge-photodynamic: Okunye ukwelashwa kwamehlo nge-laser kanye nokukhanya kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukopha kanye nomonakalo ngemuva kweso. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukuqhubeka kokuwohloka kwe-myopic.
• Ukuhlinzwa Kwamehlo: Kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ezinye izinkinga ze-Myopic Degeneration (isb., ukuqedwa kwe-retinal). Ukuhlinzwa kungamisa ukuqedwa kwe-retinal futhi kuvimbele ukulahlekelwa kokubona okusheshayo nokungalungiseki.

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzochaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezifanele wena nokuthi yini ongayilindela kuzo.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wamehlo ami?

Ungabuza udokotela wakho wamehlo imibuzo efana nale:

• Kunzima kangakanani ukuwohloka kwe-Myopic yami?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze nginciphise noma nginciphise ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Kufanele ngihlolwe amehlo kangaki futhi ngifune iseluleko sikadokotela?
• Yiziphi izimpawu engingazibekezelela kuze kube yilapho udokotela wami engizomvakashela?
• Yiziphi izimpawu ezidinga ukuthi ngifune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha?

Kwenzekani uma ngine-Myopic Degeneration?

Uma une-Myopic Degeneration, lokho ongakulindela kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kwabanye abantu, kuya ngokuya kuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuthi lesi simo sinamthelela ongakanani empilweni yakho kuncike ekutheni i-Myopia yakho imbi kangakanani, noma ukuthi inhlamvu yeso lakho ide kangakanani.

Khumbula njalo: Uma ungamboni udokotela wamehlo njalo futhi uhlolwe amehlo akho, usengozini enkulu yokulimala kwamehlo unomphela kanye nokulahlekelwa umbono ngenxa ye-Myopic Degeneration. Nakuba lezi zinkinga ngezinye izikhathi zingavinjelwa, zingancishiswa noma okungenani zibambezeleke ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo.

I-Myopia, ikakhulukazi uma inzima, ingaba yinkinga kancane. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa ukwazi ukuthi ingalimaza amehlo akho kungaba yinto eyesabekayo. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi i-Myopic Degeneration yisimo esibonakala emhlabeni wonke, ochwepheshe bahlala befuna izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha nezingcono.

Uma une-Myopic Degeneration, udokotela wakho wamehlo angakunikeza izinketho zokwelapha futhi akusize ulawule izimpawu zakho ukuze ukwazi ukugxila ezintweni ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• Uma une-myopia enzima, qaphela ukuwohloka kwe-myopic, ikakhulukazi uma umuthi wakho kadokotela ungaphezu kuka-6.00.
• Qaphela izimpawu: Qaphela izinto ezifana namabala amnyama phakathi nendawo yokubona kwakho, ubunzima bokubona imibala, ukubukeka okushwabene, kanye nezinto ezintantayo phambi kwamehlo akho.
• Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile: Thola ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo. Ngaleyo ndlela, uma kunenkinga, ungayibona kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa.
• Kunezindlela zokwelapha: Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene ezitholakalayo zokuvimba lesi simo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu futhi sinciphise izinkinga. Ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
• Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Izinto ezifana nokunikeza amehlo akho ukuphumula, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, nokugwema ukubhema ngokuvamile zilungele impilo yamehlo.

Kungumthwalo wakho ukunakekela amehlo akho. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo.

Ukuwohloka Kwengqondo , I-Myopia Ewohlokayo, I-Myopia Ebangelwa Yizifo, Ukungaboni Kafushane, Izifo Zamehlo, I-Retina, Ukulahlekelwa Ukubona