Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ukhwehlela njalo, okomile okungakhiqizi amafinyila? Ingabe uzizwa uphelelwa umoya uma ukhathele kancane, noma uma ukhuphuka izitebhisi? Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, mhlawumbe okubangelwa uthuli, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesifo samaphaphu esidinga ukunakekelwa. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye sezimo ezinjalo, i-NSIP.
Kuyini i-NSIP (Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia)?
Kalula nje, i-NSIP ukuvuvukala kwezicubu eziphakathi kwama-air sacs amancane (alveoli) emaphashini akho kanye nemithambo yegazi ewazungezile. Cabanga ngamaphaphu akho njengeqoqo lamagilebhisi anamagilebhisi amaningi amancane (alveoli). I-pneumonia esivame ukuyazi yenzeka ngaphakathi kwala magilebhisi. Kodwa ku-NSIP, ukuvuvukala kwenzeka ezikhaleni eziphakathi kwala magilebhisi kanye nezicubu eziwazungezile.
Lesi yisimo esiseqenjini lezifo zamaphaphu ezibizwa ngokuthi "isifo samaphaphu esingaphakathi kwe-interstitial". I-NSIP ivame ukubonakala kubantu abanesifo sezicubu ezixhumeneyo (CTD). Futhi, kungaba yisimo sesikhathi eside, esingabi ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa njenge-pneumonia evamile. Kwezinye izimo, singabangela ngisho nezibazi ezihlala njalo emaphashini.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-NSIP.
Odokotela bahlukanisa i-NSIP ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Kubalulekile ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili, njengoba ukwelashwa kanye nokuqhubeka kwesikhathi esizayo kwalesi sifo kungahluka.
| Uhlobo lwe-NSIP | Kalula nje, kwenzekani? | Ukuzimisela |
|---|---|---|
| I-NSIP yeselula | Kulolu hlobo, amaseli aphakathi kwezikhwama zomoya ayavuvukala. Akukho zibazi. | Ayinzima kangako. Isabela kahle kakhulu ekwelashweni. Ingelapheka ngokuphelele. |
| I-NSIP ye-Fibrotic | Lokhu kubangela ukuthi izicubu zamaphaphu zijiye futhi zibe nezibazi. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kuzibazi kubizwa ngokuthi i-fibrosis . | Lolu uhlobo olubi kakhulu noluyingozi kakhulu. Umonakalo emaphashini kunzima ukuwulungisa. |
Ziyini izimpawu ze-NSIP?
Izimpawu ze-NSIP zingase zingabonakali ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, zingakhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni. Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukukhwehlela okomile okuqhubekayo: Lokhu akukhiqizi amafinyila. Kuzwakala nje njengokukhwehlela okuqeda umphimbo.
- Ukuphelelwa umoya (ukuphelelwa umoya): Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi lapho wenza into enzima, njengokuhamba noma ukukhwela izitebhisi. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ukuphelelwa umoya kungenzeka ngisho noma umi nje.
- Ukuphefumula kanzima: Ukuzizwa sengathi kufanele wenze umzamo omkhulu ukuze uphefumule.
- Ukukhathala okukhulu ngokomzimba: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho noma ungenzi msebenzi.
- Iminwe egobile: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, iziqongo zeminwe zingavuvukala njengezinti zemigqomo futhi izinzipho zingase zibe yindilinga. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimpawu aziqali ngokuzumayo, kodwa ziyanda kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke abantu abaningi bangase bangakunaki lokhu.
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-NSIP? Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Eqinisweni, odokotela abakayazi imbangela eqondile ye-NSIP. Kodwa-ke, uma abantu abanalesi sifo bebhekwa, bavame ukuba nezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke kukholelwa ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwalezi zimo ne-NSIP.
Izimo ezibalulekile ezihambisana ne-NSIP:
- Izinkinga zezicubu ezixhumeneyo: Lezi yizifo ezizimele lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona izicubu zawo. Isibonelo:
- I-rheumatoid arthritis - isifo esibangela ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emalungeni
- I-Lupus
- I-Scleroderma
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, njenge-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis, nazo zingahlotshaniswa ne-NSIP.
- Ukusabela emithini ethile: Lesi simo singabangelwa nayi-chemotherapy yomdlavuza, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye neminye imithi yesifo senhliziyo.
Ngokuvamile isifo se-NSIPKuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-50.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, into yokuqala udokotela wakho azokwenza ukukubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho konke onakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha noma imithi oyiphuzayo.
Ngemva kwalokho, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu: Lokhu kuhilela ukuphefumula ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngepayipi elixhunywe emshinini. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola umbono wokuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani ngokukala ukuthi ungawuthatha umoya ongakanani nokuthi ungawukhipha ngokushesha kangakanani.
- I-X-ray yesifuba kanye ne-CT scan: Nakuba i-X-ray inganikeza umbono ojwayelekile, i-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) ingabona ngokucacile izinguquko ezincane kakhulu kanye nezibazi emaphashini. I-CT scan ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni i-NSIP.
- I-Bronchoscopy: Kulokhu, ikhamera inamathiselwa ekugcineni kwepayipi elincane neliguquguqukayo bese idluliselwa emaphashini akho ngekhala noma ngomlomo.
- I-Biopsy: Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa lesi sifo ngo-100%. Ingcezu encane kakhulu yezicubu ithathwa emaphashini ngokuhlinzwa bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kunganquma kahle ukuthi iyiseli noma iyi-fibrotic.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-NSIP?
Imigomo eyinhloko yokwelapha i-NSIP ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini, ukulawula lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu, nokusiza ukugcina ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.
Izindlela zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesiguli futhi kuye ngohlobo lwesifo.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imithi ye-Corticosteroid `(Corticosteroids)` | Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-`(Prednisone)`. Le mithi isebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni nasemaphashini. |
| Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba | Imithi efana ne-`azathioprine`, `cyclophosphamide`, `mycophenolate`. Le mithi isebenza ngokulawula umsebenzi ongafuneki wesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Le mithi ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanezifo ze-`(autoimmune)`. |
| Imithi yokulwa ne-fibrotic | Imithi efana ne-'pirfenidone' kanye ne-'nintedanib'. Le mithi inikezwa abantu abane-Fibrotic NSIP. Iyasiza ekunciphiseni izinga lokuqhekeka kwamanxeba emaphashini. |
| Ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu | Lokhu kubaluleke njengokunikeza imithi. Kuhlanganisa ukuvivinya umzimba okukhethekile ukusiza ukuqinisa amaphaphu, amasu okuphefumula, kanye nemfundo ngalesi sifo. |
| Ukwelashwa komoya-mpilo | Ukunikeza umoya-mpilo kulabo abanamazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo egazini, ikakhulukazi uma bekhathele. |
| Ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu | Kuyindlela yokugcina yokucabanga ukuthi zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziye zehluleka yini nokuthi lesi sifo sesithuthuke kakhulu. |
Impilo izoba njani nge-NSIP? (Isibikezelo)
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Impendulo yalokhu incike ekutheni uhlobo luni lwe-NSIP onalo.
- Nge-Cellular NSIP: Ithemba lalaba bantu lihle kakhulu . Ngokwelashwa okufanele, amathuba okusinda eminyakeni emi-5 ngemuva kokuxilongwa acishe abe yi-100%. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa okuphelele kungenzeka.
- Nge-Fibrotic NSIP: Umonakalo emaphashini awukwazi ukuguqulwa lapha. Ngakho-ke isimo sibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa okukhulunywe ngakho ngaphambilini kungalawula futhi kunciphise ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo. Imibiko yezokwelapha ikhombisa ukuthi abantu ngokuvamile bangaphila phakathi kweminyaka eyi-6 neyi-14 ngemva kokuxilongwa.
Ngakho-ke, ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi nokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila.
Yini okufanele uyenze?
Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi une-NSIP, ungesabi. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa ngqo. Phuza imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanele nangesilinganiso esifanele.
- Uma unesinye isimo sezokwelapha, njenge-arthritis, lawula leso simo kahle.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezimpawu zakho, njengokukhathala okukhulu, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma ubhema, yeka ngokushesha. Ukubhema kulimaza amaphaphu akho nakakhulu.
Uma ukhwehlela okomile noma ubunzima bokuphefumula obekulokhu kuqhubeka amasonto, sicela ubone udokotela bese uhlolwa, kunokuba ucabange ukuthi kuyinto evamile. I-NSIP ingaba yimbi kakhulu uma ingelashwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-NSIP akuyona i-pneumonia esivame ukuyazi. Kulokhu, ukuvuvukala kwenzeka ezicutshini eziphakathi kwezikhwama zomoya zamaphaphu.
- Ukukhwehlela okomile okuhlala isikhathi eside kanye nokuphefumula uma ukhathele yizimpawu eziyinhloko zalesi sifo. Ungazinaki lezi.
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-NSIP. Uhlobo 'lwe-Cellular' lungalapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa. Uhlobo 'lwe-Fibrotic', yize lulubi kakhulu, lungalawulwa ngokwelashwa.
- Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukulimala kwamaphaphu unomphela.
- Uma unesifo sezicubu ezixhumeneyo njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, qaphela kakhulu lezi zimpawu ezihlobene namaphaphu.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho