Kungenzeka ukuthi ukubonile ephephandabeni, kuthelevishini noma ku-inthanethi. Kulezi zinsuku, kukhulunywa ngegciwane elisha. Leli gciwane, elinezimpawu ezifana ne-dengue kanye ne-chikungunya ezweni lakithi, libizwa ngokuthi igciwane i-Oropouche. Nakuba lingekho eSri Lanka okwamanje, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi siqaphele izifo ezinjalo ngenxa yabantu abahamba kwamanye amazwe. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngaleli gciwane le-Oropouche kalula.
Iyini ngempela le gciwane le-Oropouche?
Kalula nje, i-Oropouche iyimfiva ebangelwa yigciwane. Abanye abantu bayibiza nangokuthi 'iSloth Fever '. Leli gciwane lisakazeka kakhulu yizimpukane ezilumayo, okuyizinambuzane ezifana nomiyane kodwa ezincane kakhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo zomiyane nazo zingasakaza leli gciwane.
Leli gciwane laqala ukutholakala eTrinidad naseTobago ngo-1955. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, liye lalinganiselwa emazweni ambalwa eNingizimu Melika, eMelika Ephakathi, naseCaribbean. Kodwa manje selisakazekele emazweni afana neBrazil, iBolivia, iColombia, nePeru. Ngo-2024, lezi ziguli zabikwa okokuqala zivela eCuba. Nakuba iziguli zitholakale nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, zonke zazingabantu ababeye kula mazwe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izimpawu zalesi sifo zifana kakhulu nezegciwane le-dengue, i-chikungunya, kanye ne-Zika, ngakho-ke kunethuba elikhulu lokuziphambanisa.
Lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye?
Kulula kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kusakazeka kanjani. Cabanga ngale ndlela...
Okokuqala, isilwane (ngokuvamile i-sloth, inkawu, noma inyoni) esinaleli gciwane emzimbeni waso silunywa umiyane noma ikhizane. Bese igciwane lingena emzimbeni wesinambuzane. Bese kuthi, uma leso sinambuzane esinegciwane emzimbeni waso sifika sikulume, igciwane lingene emzimbeni wakho futhi.
Ngemva kokutheleleka yileli gciwane, uma omunye umiyane noma ikhizane eliphilile likuluma, leso sinambuzane singadlulisela igciwane. Uma leso sinambuzane siluma omunye umuntu, lesi sifo singasakazeka kakhulu.
Izingozi komama abakhulelwe
Uma umama okhulelwe elunywa yisinambuzane esinaleli gciwane, ukutheleleka kungadluliselwa enganeni esibelethweni. Kungaholela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu noma ngisho nasekuzalweni komntwana eseshonile. Ngakho-ke, omama abakhulelwe kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-oropouche?
Izimpawu ziqala ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-4 nezingu-8 ngemva kokutheleleka yileli gciwane. Lezi zimpawu zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana eziyinhloko.
| Izimpawu zegciwane le-Oropouche | |
|---|---|
| Izici eziyinhloko ezivame ukubonakala | |
| Umkhuhlane omkhulu ngokuzumayo | Phakathi kuka-38-40 Celsius (100-104 Fahrenheit). |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu | Ngiphethwe yikhanda elingabekezeleleki. |
| Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi uthuthumela | Ukuzizwa ubanda kakhulu kangangokuthi umzimba uyathuthumela. |
| Ubuhlungu bemisipha (i-Myalgia) | Ubuhlungu bemisipha emzimbeni. |
| Ubuhlungu bamalunga (i-Arthralgia) | Ubuhlungu bamalunga, njengaseminweni nasemadolweni. |
| Ezinye izici ezivamile | |
| I-Photophobia (ukuzwela kwamehlo ekukhanyeni) | Ubunzima bokubuka ukukhanya. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Ukuzizwa sengathi isisu sakho siyaphenduka futhi siyahlanza. |
| Ubomvu besikhumba | Ngokuvamile iqala esifubeni bese isakazekela ezingalweni nasemilenzeni. |
| Izimpawu ezingavamile ukubonwa | |
| Izinsini eziphuma igazi | Ukopha ngisho nalapho uxubha amazinyo akho. |
| Amabala amancane abomvu/onsomi esikhumbeni (i-Petechiae) | Amabala abangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane ngaphansi kwesikhumba. |
Izimpawu zingaphela ezinsukwini ezimbili nje kuphela, noma zingahlala isonto lonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe kuma-60% eziguli, izimpawu zokuqala ziyaphela bese ziphinde zibuye zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa noma isonto.
Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, uma uya kudokotela, uzolalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho. Uzobuza nokuthi ngabe usanda kuhamba uye kwamanye amazwe. Ikakhulukazi uma uke waya emazweni lapho leli gciwane lisakazeka khona, njengeBrazil noma iCuba, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngakho ngaphandle kokukufihla. Uma ukhumbula ukulunywa yisinambuzane, kubalulekile ukusho lokho futhi.
Njengoba kunzima ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ngabe yi-Oropouche noma i-dengue ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zodwa, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola lesi sifo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi . Lokhu kuhlolwa kunembe kakhulu uma kwenziwa ezinsukwini zokuqala ezimbalwa zokutheleleka.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ngeshwa, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwegciwane le-Oropouche okwamanje. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kunqunyelwe ekugcineni isiguli sikhululekile nokulawula izimpawu.
- Phumula ngokwanele: Udinga ukuphumula ngokwanele ukuze unike amasosha omzimba wakho amandla okulwa negciwane.
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi: Umkhuhlane, ukuhlanza, kanye nesifo sohudo kungabangela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okungaholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni . Ngakho-ke, phuza uketshezi oluningi, njengamanzi, umhluzi , iphalishi, kanye nojusi wezithelo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yobuhlungu: Ungasebenzisa umuthi ofana ne-Paracetamol ukunciphisa ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye nomkhuhlane.
Isixwayiso esibaluleke kakhulu:Ungalokothi unike ingane noma umuntu osemusha one-aspirin ebangelwa umkhuhlane obangelwa yigciwane. Kungabangela isimo esiyingozi kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi `(Reye syndrome). Futhi, gwema ukuthatha imithi engeyona i-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) efana ne-Ibuprofen ne-Naproxen ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela, ngoba ungase ube nomkhuhlane we-dengue. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi umuphi umuthi okufanele uwuthathe, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho.
Ingabe i-Oropouche ingabangela izinkinga eziyingozi?
Iningi labantu abathola lesi sifo bayalulama ngokuphelele, kodwa kungathatha inyanga ukuthi abanye balulame ngokugcwele.
Kodwa-ke, inani elincane labantu, cishe u-4% walabo abangenwe yileli gciwane, lingaba nezinkinga ezinkulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- I-Meningitis: Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezivikelayo ezizungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla.
- I-Encephalitis: Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.
Lezi yizimo eziyingozi kakhulu. Izimpawu zalezi yilezi:
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu ngemuva kwentamo
- Intamo eqinile
- Isiyezi
- Ukudideka
- Ukulala ngokweqile, ukucobeka
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unomkhuhlane we-Oropouche noma usululame kuwo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
Ukuvimbela kungcono kakhulu! Ungazivikela kanjani?
Njengoba kungekho ikhambi eliqondile lalokhu, into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukuzivikela ezinambuzaneni ezidlulisela lesi sifo. Ikakhulukazi uma uhamba uye ezweni lapho lesi sifo sikhona khona, qiniseka ukuthi uyazilandela lezi zinto.
- Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane: Sebenzisa into yokuxosha izinambuzane ephephile esetshenziswa esikhumbeni.
- Sebenzisa amanethi okuphepha: Faka izikrini ezinezimbobo ezincane kakhulu emafasiteleni naseminyango ukuze uvimbele omiyane ukungena. Sebenzisa inethi yomiyane uma ulele.
- Gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba: Gqoka amabhulukwe amade kanye nezingubo ezinemikhono emide ezimboza isikhumba esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Qaphela ngemva kokuhamba: Ngemva kokubuya ezweni lapho lesi sifo sikhona khona, zama ukugwema ukulunywa yizinambuzane amasonto amathathu . Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo ukuthi singasabalali ngomiyane ezweni lakithi, uma usuthole igciwane ungazazi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Oropouche iwumkhuhlane obangelwa yigciwane odluliselwa omiyane kanye namakhizane, onezimpawu ezifana neze-dengue. Njengamanje uvame kakhulu emazweni aseNingizimu Melika.
- Umkhuhlane omkhulu, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu yizimpawu eziyinhloko. Izimpawu zifana ne-dengue, ngakho kulula ukuyidida.
- Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalokhu. Ukwelashwa kuyizimpawu. Phumula ngokwanele, phuza uketshezi, bese uthatha i-paracetamol ukuze usize ubuhlungu. Ungaphuzi eminye imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ukuvimbela kuyisihluthulelo. Ukuzivikela ekulunyweni yizinambuzane kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba phesheya.
- Uma uba nezimpawu zomkhuhlane ngemva kokuya ezweni elithintekile, bona udokotela ngokushesha bese wabelana ngemininingwane yakho yokuhamba.
I-Oropouche, igciwane le-Oropouche, umkhuhlane we-sloth, udenga, umkhuhlane womiyane, igciwane, izimpawu zomkhuhlane, izinkumbi, umkhuhlane wegciwane, impilo yokuhamba
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