Cabanga nje, umuntu omaziyo ube sengozini, wabe esengakwazi ukunyakaza noma ukuzwa imilenze yakhe. Lokhu kuyesabeka futhi kuyashaqisa ngempela, akunjalo? Lesi yisimo lapho imilenze yomibili kanye nesisu esingezansi ngezinye izikhathi silahlekelwa khona ukusebenza, okuyinto esiyibiza ngokuthi i-Paraplegia kwezokwelapha. Nakuba lokhu kuvame ukubhekwa njengophawu, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yisifo. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kuyini ngempela i-Paraplegia?
Kalula nje, i-Paraplegia ukungakwazi ukulawula imisipha emilenzeni yakho, okungukuthi, ukukhubazeka. Imbangela enkulu yalokhu ukulimala kwesimiso sethu sezinzwa, ikakhulukazi umgogodla odlula emgogodleni. Lo mgogodla ufana 'nentambo eyinhloko' ethwala imiyalezo esuka ebuchosheni bethu iye ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zomzimba, ikakhulukazi imilenze. Uma le ntambo yonakele, imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni ayifinyeleli emilenzeni. Yilapho imilenze ilahlekelwa khona ukusebenza kwayo.
Kuye ngokuthi lo monakalo wenzeka kanjani, singabona izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-paraplegia.
| Uhlobo Lokulimala | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukulimala Okuphelele | Kulesi simo, umgogodla wonakele ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho lutho olungaphansi kwephuzu lomonakalo olungathinteka noma lushukunyiswe. Futhi, akukho ukulawula ukusebenza kwamathumbu kanye nesinye. |
| Ukulimala Okungaphelele | Lapha, intambo yomgogodla yonakele kancane. Ngakho-ke, kungase kube nomuzwa noma ukunyakaza okusele ezindaweni ezingaphansi komonakalo. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinto azinakwenziwa uma umuntu enamandla njengangaphambi kwengozi. |
Futhi, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe endleleni imisipha esebenza ngayo kulesi simo:
- Ukukhubazeka kwemisipha: Kulokhu, imisipha ayiphili nhlobo futhi ayinamandla. Akukho ukuthamba.
- Ukukhubazeka kwemisipha: Kulesi simo, imisipha iyafinyela ngokungalawuleki. Imilenze ingase iqine futhi inyakaze.
Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kanjani kuye ngokuthi ukulimala komhlane kwenzeke kuphi?
Leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Imiphumela ye-paraplegia incike ezingeni lomgogodla owonakele. Umgogodla wethu uhlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana. Lezi zingxenye zomlomo wesibeletho, ingxenye yesifuba, kanye nezingxenye ze-lumbar kanye ne-sacral. I-paraplegia ivame ukubangelwa ukulimala kwe-thoracic (T), lumbar (L), noma i-sacral (S).
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuze ubone ukuthi umphumela uhluka kanjani kuye ngezinga lomonakalo.
| Indawo Yokulimala | Umphumela |
|---|---|
| Imizwa yesifuba ephakathi kwe-T1 - T6 | Kuyenzeka ukukhubazeka okuphelele. Imisipha yemilenze, izinqe, kanye nesisu ilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo. Akukho ukuzwa. Kulahlekelwa ukulawula amathumbu kanye nesinye. Kuleli zinga lomonakalo, ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula okujulile nakho kungaba nzima. |
| Imizwa yesifuba ephakathi kwe-T7 - T12 | Kuvela isimo sokukhubazeka okuphelele esifana nalesi esingenhla, kodwa imisipha yesifuba ayithinteki. Ngakho-ke, ubunzima bokuphefumula buncane. |
| Imizwa ye-Lumbar phakathi kwe-L1 - L2 | Nalapha futhi, imilenze ikhubazekile. Kodwa imisipha yesifuba nesisu ayithinteki. Kudingeka isihlalo sabakhubazekile ukuze kuthuthwe. Kungase kube nokulahlekelwa ukulawula amathumbu kanye nesinye. |
| Izinzwa ze-Lumbar neze-sacral phakathi kwe-L3 - S5 | Umonakalo emhlane ongezansi cishe awuphelele. Kuleli zinga lomonakalo, ungase ukwazi ukuhamba ngosizo lwezinsimbi zokubopha noma i-walker . Kodwa-ke, ungase ube nezinkinga ezithile ngokulawula amathumbu kanye nesinye. |
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-paraplegia?
Imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu yalesi simo ukulimala komgogodla . Lokhu kulimala kungenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene.
- Izingozi zezimoto: Izingozi zamabhayisikili, izingozi zamabhasi kanye nezithuthuthu zivame kakhulu eSri Lanka.
- Ukuwa: Ikakhulukazi kusukela ekuphakameni (izihlahla, izakhiwo). Futhi, ngenxa ye-osteoporosis kubantu asebekhulile, ngisho nokuwa nje kungabangela ukulimala komgogodla.
- Ukulimala okubangelwa izikhali ezibukhali: Izinto ezifana nokugwazwa noma amanxeba okudutshulwa.
- Izingozi zemidlalo: Ezemidlalo ezithinta kakhulu njenge-rugby.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma usola ukuthi kukhona ukulimala emhlane, ungazami ukumshukumisa noma ukumphakamisa umuntu nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Lokho kuzodala umonakalo owengeziwe. Shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha (1990).
Ngaphezu kwalezi zingozi, ukukhubazeka kungabangelwa nezinye izimo zezokwelapha:
- Izimila zomgogodla: Ukucindezelwa komgogodla ngenxa yomdlavuza noma izimila ezivamile.
- Ukutheleleka: Ukusabalala kokutheleleka emgogodleni noma emaqakaleni awuzungezile.
- I-Ischemia: Ukuqhekeka noma ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi ohlinzeka ngegazi emgogodleni.
- Izimo zokuzalwa: Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwesakhiwo somgogodla, njenge-spina bifida.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izifo ezihlasela umzimba njenge-multiple sclerosis, i-transverse myelitis, kanye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome.
- Isifo sikashukela: Ukulimala kwemizwa okubangelwa isifo sikashukela esingalawuleki.
- Izimo zofuzo: Izifo zofuzo ezifana nokukhubazeka kwe-spastic kwefa.
Yini okufanele siyenze uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo?
Lena ingxenye okudingeka uyikhumbule. I-Paraplegia iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Uma othile esengozini bese ethi, "Angiyizwa imilenze yami," noma uma ubona into efana naleyo, shayela u-1990 ngokushesha bese uthola i-ambulensi. Ungalokothi uzame ukumphakamisa, ukumshukumisa, noma ukumhlalisa wena lowo muntu. Linda kuze kufike ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe bese uhambisa isiguli kahle esibhedlela. Okuwukuphela kwento ongayenza ukususa isiguli endaweni yesehlakalo ngaphandle kokuthi kube nengozi esheshayo, njengomlilo noma ukuqhuma. Ngaphandle kwalokho, mshiye lapho ekhona. Odokotela abase-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) esibhedlela bazokwenza okudingekayo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Paraplegia, i-Tetraplegia kanye ne-Hemiplegia?
Nakuba la magama ezwakala efana, anezincazelo ezintathu. Kubalulekile ukwazi lo mehluko.
| Isimo | Indawo Ethintekile |
|---|---|
| Ukukhubazeka kwe-Paraplegia | Ukulahlekelwa yimilenze yomibili (mhlawumbe nesisu esingezansi). |
| I-Tetraplegia (noma i-Quadriplegia) | Zombili izingalo nemilenze yomibili , okungukuthi, ukulahlekelwa yizo zonke izitho ezine. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umgogodla wonakele ezingeni lentamo. |
| I-Hemiplegia | Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba (kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla). Lokhu kusho ukulahlekelwa ukwazi kolunye uhlangothi lwengalo, umlenze, nobuso. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo ebuchosheni, njengokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi. |
Uma kukhulunywa ngokwelashwa, kuncike ngokuphelele embangweni wesimo se-Paraplegia kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuthuthuka okuthile kungatholakala ngokuhlinzwa, i-physiotherapy, kanye nokuvuselelwa. Kodwa-ke, umonakalo othile uhlala unomphela. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho nguyena ozokweluleka kangcono ngohlelo lokwelashwa olufanele kakhulu kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo.
I-Paraplegia iyinto eshintsha impilo. Kodwa-ke, ngeseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha, ukuvuselelwa, kanye namandla engqondo, kunabantu abaningi emhlabeni abaye bazivumelanisa nalesi simo futhi baphila impilo yokuzimela nejabulisayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Paraplegia iwukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle kwemilenze yomibili. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukulimala komgogodla.
- Uma usola ukulimala komgogodla ngenxa yengozi, ungasishukumisi isiguli nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha.
- Ukukhubazeka kwemisipha kungabangelwa izingozi kanye nezimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela nganoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kwemisipha.
- Izinketho zokwelapha kanye nezinketho zokululama ziyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongabonisana naye ngalokhu.
- Nakuba lesi kuyisimo esiyinselele kakhulu, ngokusekelwa okufanele kanye nokuvuselelwa, kungenzeka ukuzivumelanisa nalesi simo futhi uphile impilo ephumelelayo.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Luhlobo luni lwesimo i-Paraplegia?
Lokhu akusikho nje ukuba ndikindiki nje emilenzeni yakho! 'I-Paraplegia' yisimo esibuhlungu kakhulu lapho imilenze yomibili engaphansi kwesinqe, kungaba unomphela noma okwesikhashana, ikhubazeka ngokuphelele (i-Complete paralysis), okukushiya ungakwazi ukuhambisa imilenze yakho noma ukuzwa noma yini. Kulesi sifo, awugcini nje ngokulahlekelwa ukulawula imilenze yakho, kodwa futhi ulahlekelwa ukulawula amathumbu akho kanye nesinye (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kwamathumbu kanye nesinye).
💬 Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-paraplegia (i-paraplegia)?
Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu akusikho ubuchopho, kodwa 'ukulimala okukhulu komgogodla'! 1) Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ingxenye ephakathi yomgogodla (i-Thoracic/Lumbar Spinal Cord) iphukile/ichotshozwe ngokuphelele ngenxa yengozi yemoto, ukuwa esihlahleni, noma ukudutshulwa (i-Trauma). 2) Lapho 'umdlavuza' okhula ngaphakathi komgogodla (ama-Spinal Tumors) ucindezela imizwa. 3) Izifo ze-Neurodegenerative (i-Multiple Sclerosis) kanye, 4) Ukushaywa yisifo somgogodla nakho kungabangela ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwemilenze.
💬 Yiziphi izingozi eziyingozi abantu abakhubazekile ababhekene nazo? Banganakekelwa kanjani?
Ingozi enkulu ukuthi abazizwa ubuhlungu emilenzeni yabo (ngisho noma beshiswa ngamanzi ashisayo). Ngakho-ke, uma behlala endaweni efanayo, isikhumba esinqeni sabo siyabola kuze kube yilapho ithambo libonakala, okuholela 'ezilonda ze-bedsores/pressure ulcers' futhi isiguli singafa ngenxa yamagciwane asakazeka kuwo (sepsis) (kuyadingeka ukuwaphendula njalo emahoreni ama-2). Enye ingozi ukutheleleka okukhulu komgudu womchamo (UTIs) okuza nama-catheter omchamo!
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