Ingabe wena noma othile omaziyo wake wahlinzwa esikhundleni se-valve yenhliziyo? Ngemva kwesikhashana, izicubu ezizungeze i-valve entsha ngezinye izikhathi zingaqala ukuvuza kancane. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Paravalvular Leak' noma i-PVL ngokwezokwelapha. Lolu hlobo lokuvuza lungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya nokukhathala. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngokwelashwa okulula okungavala ukuvuza okunje ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa okukhulu futhi.
Kuyini ukuvalwa kokuvuza kwe-Paravalvular?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha engadingi ukuhlinzwa. Cabanga ukuthi une-valve yokufakelwa efakwe enhliziyweni yakho, kodwa manje i-valve iyavuza kancane. Esikhathini esidlule, ukuze ulungise into efana nale, kuzodingeka uvule isifuba sakho futhi bese wenza ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukukhokhela ukuhlinzwa futhi, kuyingozi.
Nasi ikhambi lalokhu, ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-Paravalvular Leak (PVL) Closure sekuvele. Kulokhu, udokotela wenhliziyo ongenelelayo usebenzisa ithubhu elincane kakhulu elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter ukuze aye endaweni evuzayo enhliziyweni bese evala imbobo ngedivayisi encane (idivayisi yokuvala). Kufana nokufaka 'ukuvala' emgodini omncane epayipini lamanzi.
Njengoba lokhu kungeyona indlela yokuhlinzwa, isikhathi sokululama sifushane, izingozi ziphansi, futhi ukuhlala esibhedlela kufushane kakhulu.
Ubani odinga lokhu kwelashwa?
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-valve yokufakelwa ozoba nalesi simo, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu ovuzayo ozodinga lokhu kwelashwa. Ngokuvamile kunconywa kubantu abavuza kakhulu okungenakulawuleka ngemithi. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe.
Lokhu kwelashwa kungafaneleka kumuntu onezimo ezilandelayo:
| Isimo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukopha okukhulu | Uma ukuvuza kubangela ukuthi igazi eliningi ligeleze ngendlela engafanele. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) | Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngisho nangesikhathi semisebenzi evamile. |
| I-Hemolytic Anemia | I-anemia yenzeka ngenxa yokuwohloka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi njengoba igazi lidlula lapho kuvuza khona. |
| Abantu abathola ukwelashwa kwe-endocarditis | Uma welashwa ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo. |
| Labo abasengozini enkulu yokuhlinzwa kabusha | Kulabo asebehlinzwe kaningana futhi abangakwazi ukukhokhela okunye ukuhlinzwa. |
Wenzani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?
Ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu kwelashwa, udokotela wakho uzohlola impilo yakho ngokucophelela. Uzokwenza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho.
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Buka umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Ukuskena kwenhliziyo.
- I-Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE): Lokhu kuskena okukhethekile. Ikhamera encane idluliselwa emhubheni ukuze ibone kahle ama-valve enhliziyo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekutholeni indawo eqondile yokuvuza.
- I-cardiac CT scan noma i-MRI: Thola izithombe ezinemininingwane zenhliziyo ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D).
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola ukuthi azikho yini izifo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho kanye nanoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi).
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa elabhorethri yokwelapha inhliziyo yesibhedlela. Uzonikezwa imithi kanye ne-anesthesia ukuvimbela ubuhlungu.
Ngemva kwalokho, uchwepheshe ulandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukufakwa kwe-catheter: Ipayipi elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo (i-catheter) lifakwa emthanjeni wegazi omkhulu (umthambo we-femoral) esinqeni sakho.
2. Ukuthola ukuvuza: Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokuskena (njenge-TEE), ucingo ludluliselwa ngepayipi bese luqondiswa endaweni eqondile yokuvuza enhliziyweni.
3. Ukufaka idivayisi:Uma indawo eqondile yokuvuza isitholakele, idivayisi encane ekhethekile (idivayisi yokuvala) engavala imbobo idluliselwa ku-catheter, ibekwe endaweni yayo, bese ivalwa.
4. Ukususa i-catheter: Uma umsebenzi usuqediwe, i-catheter nezintambo kuyasuswa ngokucophelela.
Yonke le nqubo ivame ukuthatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izicubu zenhliziyo yakho ziyakhula zizungeze idivayisi esanda kufakwa, okwenza kube yingxenye yenhliziyo yakho.
Ngemva kokwelashwa kanye nezinzuzo zako
Ngokuvamile, kufanele uhlale esibhedlela ubusuku obubodwa kuphela ngemva kwalokhu kwelashwa. Ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olulandelayo. Udokotela uzokweluleka ngokuthi ungahlala kanjani ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, ukuthi wenzeni nokuthi yini ongafanele uyenze. Ngokuvamile, uzohlolwa kabusha ezinyangeni ezintathu ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukuvuza kuvaliwe kahle yini nokuthi ivalvu isebenza kahle yini.
Ezinye zezinzuzo zale ndlela uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okuvulekile yilezi:
- Ukululama okusheshayo: Njengoba kungekho ukusikwa okukhulu, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile ngokushesha.
- Ingozi encane yokutheleleka: Njengoba kungekho nxeba elikhulu, ingozi yokutheleleka iphansi kakhulu.
- Ukuhlala isikhathi esifushane esibhedlela: Ungaya ekhaya ubusuku bonke.
- Izibazi ezincane: Imbobo encane nje embotsheni, akukho zibazi ezinkulu esifubeni.
Ufuna ukuphinde ubonane nodokotela nini?
Ngemva kokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo futhi uye emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.
Uma uhlaselwa umkhuhlane ongachazeki, ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala endaweni yembobo, noma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
Uma uke wafakelwa i-valve yenhliziyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlolwe njalo ngodokotela. Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlobo lokuvuza lungenzeka. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi lokhu sekungalashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuvuza kwe-Paravalvular (PVL) ukuvuza kwegazi eduze kwevalvu yenhliziyo yokwenziwa ngemva kokuba ifakiwe.
- Ukuvalwa kwe-PVL kuyindlela yokwelapha engeyona eyokuhlinzwa evala lokhu kuvuza ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba, kusetshenziswa idivayisi encane efakwe nge-catheter.
- Le ndlela iwusizo kakhulu kulabo abasengozini enkulu yokuhlinzwa kabusha kanye nalabo abanezimpawu ezinzima.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kunesikhathi esifushane sokululama, izingozi eziphansi, kanye nokuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo ukuze anqume ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe.
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