Sonke siyazi ukuthi izitho ezifana nenhliziyo, amaphaphu, nemithambo yegazi emikhulu emizimbeni yethu zibaluleke kangakanani empilweni yethu, akunjalo? Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona isifo kulezi zitho ezibaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi isimo lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa, kukhona odokotela abathole ulwazi olukhethekile nokuqeqeshwa ngalokho. Lelo yiqembu lodokotela abangochwepheshe esizokhuluma ngabo kulesi sihloko namuhla. Mhlawumbe uke wezwa leli gama ngaphambili, elithi "uDokotela Wesifuba" noma "uDokotela Wesifuba".
Kalula nje, ngubani udokotela ohlinzayo wesifuba?
Udokotela ohlinzayo wesifuba udokotela ogxile ekuhlinzeni izitho nezicubu ezingaphakathi kwesifuba sethu, noma umgodi wesifuba . Igama lesiNgisi elithi "thoracic" lisho "okuphathelene nesifuba noma umgodi wesifuba."
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nango "Udokotela Ohlinzayo Wenhliziyo." Igama elithi "Cardiothoracic Surgeon" lisho ukuthi lihlobene nenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke abanye odokotela bangochwepheshe ekuhlinzeni inhliziyo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, udokotela ohlinzayo wesifuba ngumuntu ophatha izimo ezihlobene nezitho nezicubu ezilandelayo:
- Inhliziyo: Izinkinga ezihlobene nama-valve enhliziyo, imithambo yenhliziyo, kanye ne-myocardium.
- I-Pericardium: Ulwelwesi oluncane olumboza inhliziyo.
- Amaphaphu: Umdlavuza nezinye izifo ezenzeka emaphashini.
- I-Pleura: Ama-membrane amboza amaphaphu.
- I-Trachea: Indlela yethu yokuphefumula eyinhloko.
- I-Esophagus: Ipayipi elithwala ukudla kusuka emphinjeni kuya esiswini.
- I-Mediastinum: Isikhala esiphakathi kwamaphaphu, lapho inhliziyo itholakala khona.
- Udonga lwesifuba kanye ne-diaphragm: Amathambo, imisipha, kanye ne-diaphragm okwakha isifuba futhi okusiza ekuphefumuleni.
Laba odokotela abagcini nje ngokwenza ukuhlinzwa, kodwa futhi banesibopho sokuhlola isimo sesiguli ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukuhlela ukwelashwa okudingekayo, kanye nokuqapha ukululama kwesiguli ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Yiziphi izimo eziyinhloko eziphathwa odokotela abahlinzayo besifuba?
Uhla lwezifo abazelaphayo lubanzi kakhulu. Ake sibheke ezinye zazo. Ithebula elingezansi lizokusiza ukuthi uqonde lezi zimo ngokucacile.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izifo zenhliziyo | Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo , izinkinga zamavalvu enhliziyo, kanye nokufakelwa inhliziyo . |
| Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu | Ukususwa kwezimila ezinomdlavuza kanye nezingenawo umdlavuza (ezingembi) emaphashini. |
| Izifo ze-esophageal | Umdlavuza wesisu kanye nezinkinga ezibangelwa yi-asidi yesisu egeleza emphinjeni (i-Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - GERD) . |
| I-Emphysema | Isimo lapho amaphaphu onakele khona futhi ukuphefumula kuba nzima ngenxa yezici ezifana nokubhema. Kwezinye izimo , kwenziwa ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu . |
| Ukwakhiwa kabusha kodonga lwesifuba | Ukwakhiwa kabusha kokuhlinzwa komonakalo odongeni lwesifuba obangelwe izingozi noma ezinye izimbangela. |
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele zikushukumisele ukuthi ubonane nodokotela ohlinzayo wesifuba?
Ngokuvamile, uma udokotela wakho oyinhloko ekuxilonga futhi ethola ukuthi isimo sakho sidinga ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba, uzokudlulisela kudokotela ohlinzayo wesifuba. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba: Ubuhlungu obuqala maphakathi nesifuba budlulele ezingalweni, emahlombe, entanyeni, nasemhlathini.
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu nokuquleka.
- Ukuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile).
- Ukuphelelwa umoya.
- I-gastritis enzima: Isimo esibi se-gastritis esingathuthuki ngemithi futhi esingalimaza umphimbo.
- Ukukhwehlela:Ikakhulukazi ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kumuntu otholakale enomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obungazelelwe, isiyezi, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula kungaba izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngaphandle kokulibala noma uhambise isiguli esibhedlela esiseduze.
Yini okufanele uyilindele uma ubona udokotela ohlinzayo?
Kulungile, ake sithi udokotela wakho ukuthumele kuchwepheshe onjengalona. Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile ngalokho okungenzeka uma uya lapho. Kodwa uma uzazi lezi zinto, ungakunciphisa lokho kwesaba.
Lezi yizinto ezivame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubonisana kokuqala.
- Ukubukeza amarekhodi akho ezokwelapha kanye nomlando wezokwelapha: Udokotela uzobukeza yonke imithi oyithathile kanye nemiphumela yokuhlola oyitholile.
- Ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba: Ukwenza izinto ezinjengokuhlola umfutho wegazi lakho nokulalela inhliziyo namaphaphu akho.
- Ukudluliselwa ukuze uthole ezinye izivivinyo uma kudingeka: Ungathunyelwa ukuze uthole izivivinyo ezifana ne-X-ray yesifuba, i- EKG (i-electrocardiogram) , noma i- echocardiogram (ividiyo eqoshiwe yomsebenzi wenhliziyo) .
- Ukuxoxa ngezinketho zokwelapha: Sizokuchazela ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho, ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuzokwenziwa kanjani uma kudingeka, nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi.
- Ukuchaza ezinye izinketho: Uma kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, uzotshelwa ngazo futhi.
- Imiyalelo yokulungiselela: Uzonikezwa imiyalelo okufanele uyilandele ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ngesikhathi sokuhlala kwakho esibhedlela, kanye nangesikhathi sokululama kwakho ngemva kwalokho.
Khumbula, kuyinto evamile ukwesaba umqondo wokuhlinzwa. Kodwa laba odokotela baqeqeshwe ngakho. Bazibophezele ekunikezeni wena nomndeni wakho isiqondiso nokusekelwa okudingayo kuyo yonke inqubo. Ngakho-ke ungangabazi ukukhuluma nabo nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Udokotela ohlinzayo wesifuba unguchwepheshe ohlinza izitho ezibalulekile esifubeni sethu, njengenhliziyo, amaphaphu kanye nomphimbo.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo. Bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, obukhulu bungaba uphawu lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Esimweni esinjalo, ukudluliselwa ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela kungasindisa impilo.
- Uma uthunyelwe ukuyohlinzwa, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo. Bazokunikeza lonke ulwazi oludingayo futhi bakulungiselele kahle.
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