Ake sifunde nge-Cardiac Catheterization ngendlela elula!

Wake waya kudokotela ngenxa yobuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuphefumula futhi bakutshele ukuthi udinga 'i-Cardiac Catheterization'? Kungenzeka ukuthi wesaba kancane lapho uzwa leli gama. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba lapho uzwa igama elithi 'ukufaka okuthile enhliziyweni yakho'. Kodwa empeleni akuyona into enkulu njengoba sicabanga, futhi akuyona into okufanele uyesabe. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula namuhla, futhi sithole izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni yakho.

Kuyini i-Catheterization Yenhliziyo?

Kalula nje, lokhu akusikho ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani. Kufana nokubheka ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo yakho.

Kule nqubo, udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo (i-catheter) ngomthambo ongalweni noma esinqeni sakho nasenhliziyweni yakho. Leli payipi livumela udokotela ukubona kahle isimo semithambo yenhliziyo, imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni, kanye namagumbi enhliziyo.

Zikhona yini izinhlobo zalolu vivinyo?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Kuncike emthanjeni wegazi lapho kufakwe khona i-catheter kanye nengxenye yenhliziyo ehlolwayo.

Kungani udokotela angancoma lolu vivinyo?

Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase ancome lokhu kuhlolwa.

• Thola imbangela eqondile yobuhlungu besifuba sakho obuvamile noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile .
• Hlola ukuthi imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo ivinjiwe noma ukuthi kunezinkinga ngama-valve enhliziyo .
• Thatha ingxenye encane yomsipha wenhliziyo ukuze uyohlolwa (i-biopsy) .
• Bheka izimo ezenza imisipha yenhliziyo ibe buthaka (cardiomyopathy) .
• Hlola umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni yegazi exhunywe emaphashini (i-pulmonary hypertension) .
• Thola ulwazi olungatholakali kwezinye izivivinyo (njenge-ECG, i-Echo).
• Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa. Isibonelo, ukuthi ngabe ukwenza i-angioplasty , ukubekwa kwe-stent , noma i-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) ukwelapha umthambo ovalekile.

Kusebenza kanjani lokhu? Kwenzekani ngaphakathi?

Uma i-catheter isiseduze nenhliziyo, kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile (izinto ezihlukile) emithanjeni yegazi ngayo. Ngenxa yokuthi lolu ketshezi lubonakala kahle kuma-X-ray, udokotela angabuka ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo bukhoma kumavidiyo e-X-ray athathwe ngesikhathi esifanayo (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-coronary angiogram ).

Kusukela kulezi zithombe ze-X-ray, udokotela angenza okulandelayo:

• Thola ngqo lapho umthambo wegazi uvalekile noma uncishisiwe khona .
• Hlola ubukhulu nesimo samakamelo enhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• Hlola ukuthi azikho yini izimbobo ezingavamile noma ukuvuza kwegazi noma kuphi enhliziyweni.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela angenza nokwelashwa okwengeziwe ngenkathi enza lokhu kuhlolwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kutholakala inkinga, kungenzeka ukunikeza ikhambi ngokushesha.

• I-Angioplasty: Ukuvula kabusha umthambo wegazi ovinjiwe ngokuwufutha ngento efana nebhaluni.
• Ukubekwa kwe-stent: Ukufaka idivayisi encane efana ne-mesh emthanjeni wegazi ovuliwe ukuze ungavaleki futhi.
• I-Valvuloplasty: Ukuvula ivalvu yenhliziyo encishisiwe.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani lokhu?

Ukuhlolwa ngokwako kuthatha imizuzu engaba ngu-30 kuphela. Kodwa futhi kuthatha isikhathi ukukulungiselela ukuhlolwa nokubhekwa ngemva kokuhlolwa. Ngakho-ke, kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela amahora angu-5-9 noma ngaphezulu . Ngakho-ke, lindela ukuba sesibhedlela usuku lonke ngosuku oyobe unalo lolu vivinyo.

Yini ongayilindela ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlolwa?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wazi ngale nqubo kusenesikhathi.

Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa

• Uzokwaziswa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze amahora angu-6-8 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Udokotela wakho angase akutshele ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana noma ushintshe umthamo weminye imithi oyithathayo (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi).
• Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba onakho kanye nayo yonke imithi oyisebenzisayo.
• Uma uya esibhedlela, uzonikezwa ingubo ekhethekile ozoyigqoka.
• I-cannula (umugqa we-IV) ifakwa emthanjeni ongalweni ukuze kunikezwe imithi kanye noketshezi.
• Ukuze kuqashwe izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, ama-electrode, afana nezitikha, abekwa esifubeni sakho. Lawa axhunywe kumshini we-EKG .
• Bazokunikeza umuthi wokudambisa omnene ukuze uphumule. Kodwa uqaphile futhi uyakuzwa lokho udokotela akushoyo.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa

• Indawo lapho kuzofakwa khona i-catheter (ingalo noma i-groin) ivalwe ngenaliti encane.
• I-catheter ibe isidluliselwa ngemithambo iye enhliziyweni. Ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile kancane kuleli qophelo, kodwa ngeke kube khona ubuhlungu .
• Uma uketshezi oluhlukile lufakwa ukuze lubheke ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo, ungase uzizwe ukufudumala okuncane . Lokhu kuzophela ngemizuzwana embalwa.
• Uzocelwa ukuba ubambe umoya wakho isikhashana ngenkathi uthatha i-X-ray.
• Uma ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe, i-catheter iyasuswa.

Ngemva kokuhlolwa

• I-catheter ifakwa bese indawo iboshwa ngokuqinile ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
• Uma kwenziwa ngesandla: Udinga ukugcina ingalo yakho iqondile cishe ihora. Ungahamba.
• Uma kwenziwe embotsheni: Kuzodingeka ulale embhedeni umlenze wakho uqonde amahora ambalwa (cishe amahora amabili kuya kwayisithupha) ukuze uvimbele ukuphuma kwegazi.
• Udinga ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ukuze usize uketshezi oluhlukile luphume emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha.
• Ngokuvamile ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ungase ucelwe ukuba ulale esibhedlela ubusuku bonke.
• Awukwazi ukushayela imoto uma uya ekhaya , udinga umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya.
• Kufanele ugweme ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo kanye nomsebenzi onzima izinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ungageza, kodwa akukuhle ukucwilisa inxeba emanzini (isib., ukugeza, ukubhukuda) isonto lonke.

Ziyini izingozi zalokhu?

Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile, kodwa khumbula, izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile .

• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba noketshezi oluhlukile noma eminye imithi.
• Ukopha, ukudumba, noma ukutheleleka endaweni yokufaka i-catheter.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile.
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi.
• Kukhona ingozi encane kakhulu yokuqhekeka kwegazi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi.
• Ukulimala kwezinso (ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sezinso esivele sikhona).

Uma udinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngemuva kokubuyela ekhaya, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha .

• Uma uthola umkhuhlane .
• Uma uzizwa unesizungu noma uphelelwa amandla.
• Uma indawo lapho kufakwe khona i-catheter iba nokuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, noma uma igazi noma olunye uketshezi luphuma lapho .
• Uma uqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu obusha esifubeni noma ukuphefumula kanzima .
• Uma uzwa ukushintsha kombala, ukungazweli, noma ukubanda engalweni noma emlenzeni wakho (ohlangothini lapho kufakwe khona i-catheter).

Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, ungachithi isikhathi uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.