Ingabe lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi yi-metabolism emzimbeni kusebenza kahle? Ake sibone ukuthi kuyini!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi ukudla esikudlayo kunikeza kanjani imizimba yethu amandla? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi, 'O, i-metabolism yami iphansi kakhulu, yingakho ngikhuluphele.' Noma sithi, 'O, ngeke akhuluphale kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udla kangakanani, i-metabolism yakhe ilungile ngempela, akunjalo?' Ngakho-ke, iyini le-metabolism wonke umuntu akhuluma ngayo? Ake sifunde ngayo kalula nangokunembile namuhla.

Kuyini lokhu kwe-metabolism?

Kalula nje, i-metabolism inqubo yamakhemikhali eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana emizimba yethu eguqula ukudla esikudlayo kube amandla. Sidinga la mandla ukuze sihambe, sicabange, sikhule, futhi senze konke esikwenzayo. Cabanga ngakho njengophethiloli wemoto.

Lezi zinqubo zamakhemikhali zilawulwa amaprotheni athile emizimbeni yethu. Izinkulungwane zalezi zindlela zamakhemikhali zenzeka ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Konke lokhu kulawulwa ngoba amangqamuzana ethu kudingeka abe nempilo futhi asebenze kahle.

Ngakho-ke, le metabolism isebenza kanjani?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani. Ngemva kokudla, ama-enzyme (lawa afana nezisebenzi ezincane) ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla ayahlangana futhi enze okulandelayo:

• Amaprotheni esiwadlayo ahlukaniswa abe amayunithi amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-amino acid .
• Amafutha (amafutha) esiwadlayo aguqulwa abe yizinto ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-fatty acid .
• Ama-carbohydrate esiwadlayo (njengelayisi, isinkwa, namazambane) ahlukaniswa abe ushukela olula (isibonelo, i-glucose).

Manje lawa mashukela ahlanganisiwe, ama-amino acid, nama-fatty acid yiwo imizimba yethu engawasebenzisa njengemithombo yamandla uma iwadinga. Lawa amuncwa egazini lethu, bese esuka lapho, eyiswa emangqamuzaneni ethu.

Uma esengaphakathi kwamaseli, amanye ama-enzyme ayavuselelwa ukuze asheshise noma alawule izinqubo zamakhemikhali 'ezigaya' lawa ma-compound (okungukuthi, akhiqize noma agcine amandla). Phakathi nalezi zinqubo, amandla avela kula ma-compound akhishwa ukuze asetshenziswe ngumzimba noma agcinwe ezicutshini zomzimba, ikakhulukazi isibindi, imisipha, kanye namafutha.

I-Metabolism isenzo sokulinganisela phakathi kwemisebenzi emibili eyenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa:

1. Ukwakha izicubu zomzimba kanye nezitolo zamandla (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-anabolism).

2. Ukuze uthole amandla engeziwe emisebenzini yomzimba, umzimba uphula izicubu kanye nezitolo zamandla (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-catabolism).

Ingabe kufanele sibheke laba ababili kancane?

I-Anabolism: Inqubo yokwakha imisipha

Kalula nje, i-Anabolism inqubo yokwakha nokugcina amafutha emzimbeni.Lokhu kusiza ekwakheni amangqamuzana amasha, ekulondolozeni izicubu zomzimba, nasekugcineni amandla okusetshenziswa kamuva. Ku-anabolism, ama-molecule amancane ahlanganiswa ndawonye ukuze akhe ama-molecule amakhulu, ayinkimbinkimbi ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, namafutha. Cabanga ngakho njengokwakha udonga olukhulu ngezitini ezincane.

I-Catabolism: Inqubo yokukhiqiza amandla

I-Catabolism inqubo lapho kukhiqizwa khona amandla ayo yonke imisebenzi yamaseli. Amaseli aphula ama-molecule amakhulu (ngokuvamile ama-carbohydrate namafutha) ukuze akhiphe amandla. Lawa mandla avuselela i-anabolism, agcina umzimba ufudumele, futhi asize imisipha ukuthi ifinyele futhi inyakaze.

Uma amayunithi amakhemikhali ayinkimbinkimbi ehlukaniswa abe izinto ezilula ngale ndlela, imizimba yethu ikhipha imfucuza ngesikhumba, izinso, amaphaphu kanye namathumbu .

Ubani olawula lokhu kuguqulwa kwezakhi zomzimba?

Manje ungase ucabange, 'Kulungile, konke lokhu kuyenzeka. Kodwa ubani olawula ijubane lalokhu, indlela okuhamba ngayo?' Kunama-hormone amaningana ohlelweni lwethu lwe-endocrine asiza ukulawula ijubane kanye nesiqondiso salokhu kuguqulwa kwezakhi zomzimba.

Isibonelo, i-hormone i-thyroxine, ekhiqizwa yi-thyroid gland (i-gland efana novemvane entanyeni yethu), idlala indima enkulu ekunqumeni ukuthi izinqubo zamakhemikhali ekugayweni komzimba womuntu zishesha noma zihamba kancane kangakanani.

Enye indlala yi -pancreas . Ama-hormone ayikhiphayo anquma ukuthi umsebenzi oyinhloko womzimba wokugaya ukudla nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungowokwakha i-anabolic noma i-catabolic (ukuwohloka).

Cabanga ngale ndlela, ngemva kokudla ukudla okumnandi, umzimba wakho uvame ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi ye-anabolic. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi uma udla, izinga le-glucose (uphethiloli oyinhloko womzimba) egazini lakho liyakhula. Lapho i-pancreas izwa lokhu kwanda kwamazinga e-glucose, ikhipha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-insulin . Le insulin itshela amangqamuzana ukuthi, "Kulungile, manje ake siqale imisebenzi ye-anabolic."

Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-metabolism kanye nesisindo somzimba? (Indaba yamakhalori)

Nakuba i-metabolism iyinqubo yamakhemikhali eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, abantu abaningi bayiqonda njengento ethinta ukuthi imizimba yethu iyanda noma yehlisa isisindo kalula. Yilapho amakhalori angena khona.

Ikhalori iyiyunithi yokulinganisa ukuthi ukudla kunikeza amandla angakanani. Isibonelo, ucezu lweshokoledi lunamakhalori amaningi kune-apula. Lokho kusho ukuthi ushokoledi unikeza amandla amaningi - kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, into enhle kakhulu ayilungile.

Njengokugcina ithangi lemoto ligcwele uphethiloli, umzimba ugcina amakhalori engeziwe - ikakhulukazi njengamafutha.Uma ugcwalisa ithangi lemoto yakho, uphethiloli uzochitheka, akunjalo? Ngendlela efanayo, uma umuntu edla amakhalori amaningi kakhulu, okungeziwe kuzochitheka, okungukuthi, kugcinwe njengamafutha omzimba.

Inani lamakhalori umuntu awashisayo ngosuku lincike ezintweni eziningana:

• Ukuzivocavoca okungakanani lowo muntu akwenzayo .
• Inani lamafutha nemisipha anayo emzimbeni wakhe.
• Futhi, izinga lakhe eliyisisekelo lokuguqulwa kwe-metabolic yi-"Basal Metabolic Rate" noma i-"(BMR)" .

Manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kusho ukuthini.

Iyini le Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?

I-'BMR' iyisilinganiso sezinga umuntu 'ashisa ngalo' amandla (ngendlela yama-calories) ngenkathi ephumule, engenzi lutho. Leli inani elincane lamandla adingekayo ukuze kulondolozwe imisebenzi eyisisekelo yomzimba (njengokuphefumula nokujikeleza kwegazi).

Lokhu `(BMR)` kungathinta ukuthambekela komuntu kokukhula kwesisindo. Isibonelo, umuntu one-`(BMR)` ephansi (okungukuthi, umuntu oshisa amakhalori ambalwa lapho ephumula noma elele) cishe uzothola amafutha amaningi emzimbeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kunomuntu one-`(BMR)` evamile odla nokudla okulinganayo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

I-BMR ingathinteka izakhi zofuzo zomuntu kanye nezimo ezithile zempilo . Ukwakheka komzimba nakho kungathinta - abantu abanemisipha eminingi namafutha amancane bavame ukuba ne-BMR ephezulu. Kodwa-ke, abantu bangashintsha i-BMR yabo ngezindlela ezithile. Isibonelo, umuntu ovivinya umzimba kakhulu akashisi nje kuphela amakhalori amaningi, kodwa futhi uba nempilo enhle ngokomzimba, okwandisa i-BMR yakhe.

Ngakho-ke, ngamafuphi, nazi izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya):

Kulungile, sesikhulume kakhulu nge-metabolism. Ingabe udidekile? Kalula nje, lezi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule:

• I-metabolism ibalulekile ukuze siphile: iguqula ukudla esikudlayo kube amandla, futhi lawo mandla anika amandla konke okusemizimbeni yethu.
• Kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi: inezingxenye ezimbili: i-anabolism (ukwakha) kanye ne-catabolism (ukubhidliza).
• Kulawulwa ama-hormone: Ama-hormone afana ne-thyroxine ne-insulin anquma isivinini sayo kanye nendlela esebenza ngayo.
• Okuhlobene nesisindo somzimba, kodwa hhayi lokho kuphela: izinto ezifana nokushiswa kwamakhalori, ``(BMR)`` zibalulekile lapha.
• Indlela yokuphila enempilo ingasiza ekugayweni kwe-metabolism yakho: Ukudla okuhle, ukuzivocavoca okwanele, kanye nokulala kahle kubalulekile ukuze kugaywe i-metabolism enempilo.

Khumbula, akuwona wonke umuntu osebenzisa i-metabolism efanayo.Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa izakhi zofuzo, ubudala, ubulili, kanye nokwakheka komzimba. Ngakho-ke, ungaziqhathanisi nabanye. Okubalulekile ukuba nempilo enhle futhi ulungele umzimba wakho.

Uma uneminye imibuzo, kungcono ukubuza udokotela.

I-Metabolism, amandla, amakhalori, i-BMR, i-anabolism, i-catabolism, ama-hormone