Ingabe ingane yakho iphilile? Ake sifunde ngezivivinyo zangaphambi kokubeletha – ikota yesibili!

Njengomama okhulelwe, lesi yisikhathi esimnandi nesijabulisayo. Cishe unesifiso esikhulu sokwazi ukuthi ingane yakho iphila kahle yini nokuthi ikhula kanjani. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kusisiza. Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okubalulekile okwenziwa phakathi nekota yesibili yokukhulelwa kwakho, okuphakathi kwenyanga yesine neyesithupha.

Kungani ukuhlolwa kubalulekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? Unelungelo lokukhetha?

Kalula nje, lezi zivivinyo zingasinika ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yakho neyengane yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho udokotela encoma ukuhlolwa, kubalulekile ukubuza ngezinzuzo nezingozi, kanye nezingozi. Abazali abaningi bathola lezi zivivinyo impumuzo enkulu, futhi zingabasiza balungiselele ukufika kwengane yabo. Kodwa khumbula, unelungelo lokunquma ukuthi uzohlolwa noma cha.

Ezinye izivivinyo ezenziwa ngemva kokukhulelwa ziyaqinisekiswa futhi ziyaqhubeka

Cishe usuvele uke wabhekana nezinye zalezi zivivinyo. Uma uqala ukubona udokotela ngemva kokukhulelwa, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhulelwe. Bazokwenza nokuhlolwa okugcwele ngokomzimba, okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwe-pelvic uma kudingeka. Bazohlola nomchamo wakho ngezinto ezifana namaprotheni, ushukela, kanye nezifo.

Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuba wenze i-Pap smear, udokotela wakho uzokwenza manje. Angabona noma yiziphi izinguquko zomdlavuza emangqamuzaneni esibeletho sakho. Udokotela wakho uzohlola nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD) njenge-Chlamydia ne-Gonorrhea.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuze kuhlolwe izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Uhlobo lwegazi lakho kanye ne-Rh factor: Cabanga uma igazi lakho lingenayo i-Rh futhi igazi lomyeni wakho lingenayo i-Rh, amanye ama-antibodies owakhiqizayo angaba yingozi enganeni yakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lokhu kungavinjelwa ngomjovo okhethekile onikezwa cishe emavikini angama-28 okukhulelwa.
• I-anemia: Lokhu kusho ukuntuleka kwamaseli abomvu egazi.
• Izifo ezifana ne-Hepatitis B, i-Syphilis, kanye ne-HIV.
• Ingabe uvikelekile ku-German measles (Rubella) kanye ne-chickenpox (Varicella / Chickenpox).
• Ukuhlolwa kwezifo ezifana ne-'Cystic Fibrosis' kanye ne-'Spinal Muscular Atrophy': Ngisho noma kungekho muntu emndenini oke waba nalezi zifo, lezi zivivinyo manje sezinconywa kaningi.

Khumbula, zonke lezi zivivinyo zenzelwa ukuphepha kwakho nokwengane yakho.

Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa cishe kuzo zonke izikhathi zokubonana nodokotela:

Kuze kube yilapho umntwana ezalwa, isisindo sakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo kuzohlolwa njalo lapho uya kudokotela. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kanye ne-preeclampsia (umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa).

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezithile ze-trimester yesibili (izinyanga 4-6).

Ngesikhathi sekota yesibili yokukhulelwa kwakho, udokotela wakho angase aphakamise ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe okusekelwe ezicini ezifana nobudala bakho, isimo sempilo, kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokukhula komntwana: Ukuhlolwa Kwezimpawu Eziningi

Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa okwenziwa kusampula yegazi elithathwe kuwe. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngakho njenge-`Quad Screen` noma i-`AFP4`.

• Isikhathi sokukwenza: Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto ayi-15 nama-20.
• Kubhekwa ini?: Lokhu kunikeza umbono ngengozi yokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube, njenge-spina bifida, kanye nezinkinga ze-chromosome, njenge-Down Syndrome kanye ne-Trisomy 18.
• Ungathola futhi umbono onembile ngokuhlanganisa imiphumela yalokhu nemiphumela yokuhlolwa okwenziwe ku-trimester yokuqala (`Ukuhlolwa Kokuhlola Okuhlanganisiwe`).

Ingabe konke kulungile ngaphakathi komntwana? – I-Ultrasound Scan Eningiliziwe (I-Ultrasound Yezinga 2)

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-ultrasound scan. Kuwukuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu futhi okuphephile. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala isithombe somntwana. Kungahlola ukuma kwengane kanye nendawo yayo.

• Ukuskena nge-ultrasound okwenziwa ku-trimester yesibili, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamasonto ayi-18 nama-20, kubizwa nangokuthi "i-Ultrasound yezinga lesi-2." Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi "i-Anomaly Scan."
• Kubhekwa ini?: Lokhu kuwukubheka okuningiliziwe ukuthi izitho zangaphakathi zomntwana (njengenhliziyo, ubuchopho, nezinso) zikhula kahle yini nokuthi umntwana ukhula kahle yini.
• Omama abakhulelwe abasengozini enkulu bangase bahlolwe kaningana nge-ultrasound ngesikhathi se-trimester yesibili.

Ukuhlolwa Kwesifo Sikashukela Sokukhulelwa

Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-"Glucose Screening".

• Kuyini 'isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa'?: Lolu uhlobo lwesikhashana lwesifo sikashukela oluba khona kwabanye besifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuphela. Uma lungaqashelwa futhi lungelashwa kahle, lungabangela izinkinga zempilo enganeni.
• Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa?: Unikwa isiphuzo esinoshukela, bese kuthathwa isampula yegazi ngemva kwehora ukuze kuhlolwe izinga lakho le-glucose.
• Isikhathi sokwenza:Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto angama-24 nama-28. Kodwa-ke, uma usengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, kungenziwa kusenesikhathi.

Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ezimweni ezikhethekile zobungozi

Lokhu kuhlolwa akwenziwa kuwo wonke umuntu. Odokotela batusa kuphela omama abanezici ezithile eziyingozi.

• I-Amniocentesis:
• Isikhathi sokukwenza: Ngokuvamile phakathi kwamasonto ayi-15 nama-20, lokhu kwenziwa komama abasengozini enkulu yokuthola amaphutha e-chromosome noma izakhi zofuzo okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla.
• Kwenziwani?: Kuthathwa isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze umntwana bese ihlolwa.
• Yini efunwayo?: Lokhu kungabona ngqo izinto ezifana nokukhubazeka kwe-chromosome, izinkinga zofuzo, kanye nokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube. Lokhu ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga.
• Ukusampula Igazi Elisesinqeni Esingaphansi Komzanyana (i-PUBS):
• Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-cordocentesis." Kalula nje, kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yegazi entanyeni yengane bese uyihlola.
• Isikhathi sokukwenza: Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngemva kwamasonto angu-18 okukhulelwa.
• Kungani kwenziwa?: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa uma imiphumela yezinye izivivinyo, njenge-amniocentesis, ingacacile. Kodwa-ke, kwenziwa kaningi kunezinye izivivinyo.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezengeziwe ezingenziwa?

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuzoncika emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha (nowomlingani wakho) kanye nezici eziyingozi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nomeluleki wezakhi zofuzo uma usengozini yokuthola izifo zofuzo.

Nazi ezinye izivivinyo eziphakanyisiwe:

• Ukuhlolwa Kwezifo Ze-Thyroid
• I-Toxoplasmosis (ukutheleleka okungadluliselwa kusuka ezilwaneni)
• `I-Hepatitis C`
• `I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV)`
• Isifo sikaTay-Sachs (isifo esingavamile sofuzo)
• I-Fragile X syndrome (isimo sofuzo)
• `Isifo Sofuba`
• Isifo seCanavan (isifo esingavamile kakhulu ohlelweni lwezinzwa)

Ingabe kufanele ngenze zonke lezi zivivinyo?

Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Khumbula, zonke lezi zivivinyo "zinconywa" kuwe, hhayi izivivinyo "okumelwe uzenze". Isinqumo ngesakho.

Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho lapho ephakamisa isivivinyo:

• "Dokotela, kungani ungicela ukuthi ngenze lolu vivinyo?"
• "Ziyini izinzuzo zalokhu? Ziyini izingozi?"
• "Yini ngempela engingayiyazi ngemiphumela yalokhu? Yini engingayiyazi?"

Kubalulekile ukubuza le mibuzo nokwenza isinqumo esinolwazi ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholayo. Odokotela batusa lokhu kuhlolwa becabanga ngezintshisekelo zakho nengane yakho.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile bese ukhetha okukufanele kakhulu.

Okokugcina, nansi eminye imiyalezo okufanele uyithathe ekhaya:

Ukukhulelwa luhambo oluhle. Ukuhlolwa okudlulayo phakathi nalolu hambo kuzokusiza wena nomntwana wakho kuphela.

• Lezi zivivinyo zokukhulelwa zinikeza ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile kanye nokuthula kwengqondo kokubili wena nomntwana wakho.
• Ulwazi olutholayo kulokhu luzokusiza ukulungiselela ukufika komntwana wakho.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuvuleleka nokwethembeka kudokotela wakho ngakho konke. Unganqikazi ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho.
• Isinqumo sokugcina sihlala singesakho.
• Nakho konke lokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo phakathi nokukhulelwa.

Sifisela wena nomntwana wakho isikhathi esinempilo nesijabulisayo!

Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa , i-trimester yesibili, i-ultrasound, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, i-Down syndrome, ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa, impilo yomntwana