Ukuvuvukala kwesisu? Hhayi i-gastritis! Ake sifunde ngqo ngezilonda zesisu (Isifo Sezilonda Zesisu)

Ingabe uvame ukuzwa ubuhlungu besisu, ubuhlungu besisu esingaphezulu, obufana nobuhlungu besisu? Lena inkinga abantu abaningi ezweni lethu abanayo. Nakuba sivame ukuyibiza ngokuthi "i-gastritis", ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yinto edinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Leso yisimo esikhuluma ngaso namuhla, i-Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD). Kalula nje, yilapho izilonda zakheka odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesimiso sethu sokugaya ukudla.

Kalula nje, siyini isilonda sesisu?

Cabanga nje, esiswini sethu, okungukuthi, esiswini, kukhiqizwa ama-asidi nama-enzyme anamandla kakhulu ukuze kugaywe ukudla esikudlayo. Enye yezinto eziyinhloko yi-pepsin. Igama elithi "peptic" nalo lisuselwa kule pepsin. Lawa ma-asidi nama-pepsin asebenza ndawonye ukuze aphule ukudla esikudlayo futhi asisize sikugaye. Lawa anamandla kangangokuthi noma ewela esikhumbeni esivamile, angabangela ukulimala.

Bese ungase ucabange, "Uma kukhona izinto ezinzima kangaka, kungani izindonga zethu zesisu zingalimala?" Isizathu siwukuthi udonga lwangaphakathi lwesisu sethu kanye ne-duodenum lumbozwe ulwelwesi olujiyile lwamafinyila, njengesivikelo. Lesi isivikelo esivikela izindonga zesisu kulawo ma-asidi aqinile.

Kodwa-ke, esifweni sesilonda se-peptic (i-PUD), lesi sivikelo sokuvikela, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila, siba buthaka ngesizathu esithile. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-asidi eqinile kanye ne-pepsin kungalimaza ngqo udonga lwesisu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezo zindawo ziqala ukuba buhlungu. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi izilonda noma izilonda zesisu.

Lezi zilonda zingavela kuphi?

Lezi zilonda zenzeka kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezimbili zesimiso sethu sokugaya ukudla.

1. Izilonda Zesisu: I-duodenum yingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu ethu amancane. Ukudla kuya lapha ngemva kwesisu. Cishe u-80% wezilonda zesisu zenzeka kule ndawo.

2. Izilonda Zesisu / Izilonda Zesisu: Lezi yizilonda ezakheka ezindongeni zesisu. Lolu hlobo lwenzeka cishe kuma -20% ezimo .

Ngaphezu kwalezi zindawo ezimbili eziyinhloko, akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nokulimala okunjalo nakwezinye izindawo.

• Izilonda Zomqala: Umqala yipayipi elithwala ukudla kusuka emphinjeni kuya esiswini. Uma sine-acid reflux (GERD) isikhathi eside, i-asidi yesisu ingakhuphuka yonakalise izindonga zale payipi.
• Izilonda zeJejunal: Lezi zilonda zingavela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwesisu (isb. i-gastrojejunostomy).

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unalesi simo? (Izimpawu)

Ngokumangalisayo, cishe abantu abayi-7 kwabayi-10 abanezilonda zesisu ababonisi zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, lezi yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu.

Kungani kuvela izilonda zesisu ezinje? Izizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko!

Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, izilonda zesisu zenzeka lapho ulwelwesi oluvikelayo lwesisu lubuthakathaka. Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko ezenza lolu lwelwesi oluvikelayo lube buthaka. Lezi zizathu ezimbili zibangela izilonda zesisu ezingaphezu kuka-90%.

1. Ukutheleleka ngebhaktheriya i-Helicobacter pylori

• Kuyini i-H. pylori?

Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lwamagciwane angaphila esiswini nasemathunjini ethu. Abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye emhlabeni banalo leli gciwane esiswini sabo. Kodwa abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, leli gciwane likhula kakhulu futhi liqala ukulimaza ulwelwesi oluvikelayo lwesisu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungabangela izilonda esiswini.

2. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID)

• Ziyini lezi NSAID?

Lolu uhlobo lomuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu esivame ukuwusebenzisa. Isibonelo, imithi efana ne -Aspirin, i-Ibuprofen (isib. i-Brufen), kanye ne-Diclofenac Sodium (isib. i-Voltaren) . Siyisebenzisela izinto ezifana nobuhlungu bamalunga, ubuhlungu bomhlane, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.

• Lokhu kubangelwa kanjani izilonda zesisu?

Uma le mithi ithathwa isikhathi eside noma ngemithamo ephezulu, ibhalansi yamakhemikhali asiza ekwakheni ulwelwesi oluvikelayo lwesisu iyaphazamiseka. Ngenxa yalokho, ulwelwesi oluvikelayo luba luncane, okwenza kube lula ngama-asidi ukulimaza udonga.

Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile

Ngaphezu kwezimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko ezingenhla, izilonda zesisu zingavela ngenxa yezinye izimbangela ezingavamile kakhulu.

• Ezinye izifo
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali komdlavuza
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Izimo ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn
• Izimo ezingavamile njenge-Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
• Ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba (isib., ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, ukusha okukhulu)

Ingabe lokhu kungaba yingozi uma kushiywa wedwa? (Izinkinga)

Yebo. Izilonda zesisu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Uma zingelashwa kahle, zingaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi.

1. Ukopha Kwamathumbu: Uma inxeba lijulile futhi umthambo wegazi uqhuma, ukopha kuzoqala ukugeleza esiswini.

2. Ukubhoboka Kwamathumbu:Lokhu kuyingozi nakakhulu. Inxeba lidlula odongeni lwesisu noma amathumbu, lidale imbobo. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-asidi yesisu nokudla kungavuza kungene emgodini wesisu, kubangele ukutheleleka okukhulu (i-peritonitis). Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esibucayi kakhulu esidinga ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo.

Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngqo?

Ngemva kokulalela izimpawu zakho, uma udokotela esola ukuthi lokhu kungaba isilonda sesisu, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana.

1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-H. pylori: Kunezindlela ezilula zokuhlola ukuthi ikhona yini le bhaktheriya.

• Ukuhlolwa Kokuphefumula Kwe-Urea: Unikwa uketshezi olukhethekile lokuphuza, bese umoya wakho uhlolwa ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Antigen Yendle: Kuthathwa isampula yendle ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ikhona yini le bhaktheriya.

2. I-Endoscopy (I-Endoscopy Ephezulu):

Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi unesilonda esiswini. Lokhu kuhilela ukudlulisa ipayipi elincane neliguquguqukayo elinekhamera exhunywe ngomlomo wakho iye esiswini sakho nasemphinjeni, lapho ungabona khona okungaphakathi esikrinini. Uzonikezwa imithi yobuhlungu ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu ngenkathi wenza lokhu.

• Izinzuzo: Ungabona kahle ukuthi zikhona yini izilonda, ukuthi zikuphi, nokuthi zikhulu kangakanani. Ungathatha nengxenye encane yezicubu (i-biopsy) ngokushesha ukuze uhlole i-H. pylori.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izilonda zesisu ziyisifo esingalapheka cishe ngokuphelele ngemithi . Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni yini ebangela izilonda zakho.

• Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori:

Uma unegciwane le-H. pylori, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza inhlanganisela yama-antibiotic amabili noma amathathu kanye ne-proton pump inhibitor (PPI) isonto eli-1-2. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha le mithi isikhathi sonke.

• Uma kungenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-NSAID:

Uma izilonda zakho zibangelwa yizinhlungu zobuhlungu, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuyeka ukuzithatha. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe umuthi we-PPI inyanga eyodwa noma ezimbili ukuze unciphise i-asidi yesisu futhi usize izilonda ziphole.

• Eminye imithi:
• Ama-H2 Blockers: Lawa futhi uhlobo lomuthi onciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi esiswini.
• Ama-cytoprotective agents: Lawa adala ungqimba oluvikelayo odongeni lwesisu futhi asize inxeba ukuthi liphiliswe.

Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili ukuthi izilonda zelapheke ngokuphelele. Ngemva kokwelashwa, udokotela wakho angase ahlole futhi ukuze abone ukuthi izilonda sezipholile yini nokuthi igciwane le-H. pylori selisusiwe.

Ungaphunyuka kanjani kulesi simo?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba nesilonda esiswini kunokuhlushwa yiso. Kunezinto ezimbili eziyinhloko ongayenza ukuze wenze lokho.

1. Ukwazisa ngokutheleleka kwe-H. pylori:

Uma unezinkinga zesisu ezivame ukwenzeka, bona udokotela bese uhlolwa i-H. pylori. Uma kunjalo, thola ukwelashwa okufanele ukuze welapheke.

2. Qaphela imithi yokubulala izinhlungu (ama-NSAID):

• Sebenzisa kuphela uma kudingeka. Ungayithathi imithi enamandla kangaka yobuhlungu obuncane.
• Ungalokothi uthathe lo muthi isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela.
• Uma uke waba nezilonda esiswini ngaphambili, kungadingeka uyeke ngokuphelele ukuthatha le mithi. Noma, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi uyithathe nomunye umuthi ovikela isisu sakho.