Ingabe nawe uphathwa yisisu ngemva kokudla? Angazi noma yi-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)!

Sawubona! Unjani? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo abantu abaningi abanaso, kodwa abanye abasinaki kangako, kodwa kuyinto edinga ukunakwa kancane. Wake waba nomuzwa oshisayo esifubeni sakho ngemva kokudla, ukunambitheka okumuncu emphinjeni wakho, noma ngisho nalapho udla? Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile, kodwa uma kwenzeka njalo futhi kuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease).` Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, ukuze ukwazi nokuqonda kangcono lokhu.

Iyini i-GERD (i-Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) kalula?

Kalula nje, i-GERD yilapho i-asidi esiswini sethu, okuyi-liquid esiza ekugayeni ukudla, igeleza ibuyele phezulu, okungukuthi, iye emgudwini womchamo (ipayipi lokudla), iya emphinjeni. Manje ungase ucabange, "O, lokho kuyenzeka nakimi, kuzwakala sengathi kubuyela emphinjeni wethu lapho sidla." Yebo, yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-GER (Gastroesophageal Reflux) noma "reflux" nje. Kungenzeka ukuthi besilokhu sinalolu lwazi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi simo se-GER sivame ukwenzeka, uma unezimpawu ezifana nokushiswa yisisu kanye nokugabha izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili ngesonto, noma uma sikubangela ezinye izinkinga, isibonelo, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukwehla kwesisindo, noma ukulimala komchamo, khona-ke lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease). Lokho kusho ukuthi i-'GERD' yisimo esidinga ukunakekelwa nokwelashwa okwengeziwe kunomphimbo obuhlungu nje. Cabanga, kukhona umsipha ofana nomnyango phakathi kwesisu sethu nomchamo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-'LES (Lower Esophageal Sphincter)' noma i-lower esophageal sphincter . Lo mnyango uyavuleka uma sigwinya ukudla, futhi uyavala futhi uma ukudla kungena esiswini. Lokhu kuvimbela ukudla kanye ne-asidi esiswini ukuthi kungabuyeli phezulu emphinjeni. Kodwa uma le 'LES' ingavali kahle, noma uma ivuleka kaningi, khona-ke okuqukethwe yisisu kuyakhuphuka.

Kungani i-GERD yenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko?

Akukhona nje imbangela eyodwa ye-GERD, kunezinto eziningi ezingaba nomthelela kuyo. Ake sibheke izinto eziyinhloko eziba nomthelela kuyo.

• Ubuthakathaka be-sphincter engezansi komphimbo ( LES ): Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, inkinga iqala lapho lo msipha ungasebenzi kahle. Ukudla okuthile, iziphuzo ( njengekhofi , itiye, ushokoledi , utshwala), ukubhema , kanye neminye imithi kungabangela ukuthi lo msipha uphumule.
• I-Hiatal Hernia : Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ingxenye engenhla yesisu isunduzela phezulu esifubeni. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokubuyela kwe-acid.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile(Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile/Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile): Njengoba isisindo somzimba sikhula, ingcindezi engaphakathi kwesisu iyanda. Lokhu kucindezela kungasunduza okuqukethwe esiswini phezulu.
• Ukukhulelwa : Izinguquko zama-hormone ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingabangela izimpawu ze-GERD , ezingabangela ukucindezeleka esiswini njengoba umntwana ekhula. Lokhu kuvame ukuncipha ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
• Imikhuba yokudla: Ukudla ukudla okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukulala phansi ngemva kokudla, nokudla eduze nesikhathi sokulala nakho kungenza i-GERD ibe buhlungu kakhulu.
• Ukudla neziphuzo ezithile: Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, okunongwe kakhulu , utamatisi, izithelo ze-citrus (ezifana nama-orange nama-lime), iminti, ushokoledi, ikhofi, neziphuzo ezine-carbonated kungandisa izimpawu ze-GERD kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu .
• Ukubhema: Ukubhema kunciphisa imisipha ye-LES futhi kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathe, okusiza ekunciphiseni ama-asidi emhubheni.
• Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi ye-asthma, imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu, amaphilisi okulala, kanye neminye imithi yokucindezeleka ingandisa izimpawu ze-GERD. Uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi futhi ucabanga ukuthi ibangela lezi zimpawu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-GERD?

Izimpawu ze-GERD zingahluka kancane kumuntu nomuntu. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu .

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu kubantu abadala

• Isishiso Senhliziyo: Lesi yisibonakaliso esiyinhloko abantu abaningi abasizwayo. Kuwumuzwa oshisayo ophuma phakathi kwesifuba uye emphinjeni ngemva kokudla, noma lapho ulele phansi noma ugobile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lokhu akuyona inkinga yenhliziyo , kodwa uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sikadokotela.
• Ukubuyela emuva: Ukubuya kokudla noma uketshezi olunambitheka kamnandi oluvela esiswini luye emphinjeni noma emlonyeni.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia): Kungase kuzwakale njengokuminyana noma ubuhlungu lapho kugwinywa ukudla.
• Ukuzwa kwe-Globus: Ukuzwa kweqhubu emphinjeni, kodwa ngaphandle kokudla noma amanzi.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nalezi zimpawu (izimpawu ezingavamile)

Nakuba lezi zingavamile, zingabangelwa yi-GERD:

• Ukukhwehlela okomile okuqhubekayo: Ukukhwehlela okuba kubi kakhulu ikakhulukazi ebusuku futhi okungenambangela enye.
• I-Laryngitis: Umphimbo uba buhlungu futhi izwi liyashintsha.
• Isifuba somoya: I-GERD ingabangela isifuba somoya esisha noma ibhebhethekise isifuba somoya esikhona.
• Ukucasuka njalo.
• Umoya omubi.
• Ukuguguleka kwamazinyo: Ama-asidi esisu angena emlonyeni angalimaza amazinyo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala: Ubuhlungu besifuba nokukhwehlela okwenzeka ebusuku kungenza kube nzima ukulala kahle.

Okubalulekile: Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ubuhlungu obuphuma emhlathini noma engalweni yakho, kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa ye-GERD, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlola isimo esibucayi kakhulu, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Ngakho-ke bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Kuthiwani uma izingane ezincane nezinsana zine-GERD?

Kujwayelekile ukuthi izinsana zibe nobisi emphinjeni wazo (GER). Kodwa uma luphenduka i-GERD, ungase uqaphele izimpawu ezinjengalezi:

• Ukuhlanza njalo noma ukuphuza ubisi oluningi.
• Bayakhala uma benikwa ukudla, abafuni ukudla, futhi bayathukuthela.
• Isisindo somzimba asikhuphuki kahle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isisindo siyehla.
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula njengokukhwehlela nokuphefumula.
• Lapho bedla noma ngemva kokudla, bagoba imizimba yabo njengomnsalo.
• Ngihlala ngikhala ngendlela engachazeki.

Uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela wezingane.

Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-GERD? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela angaqagela ukuthi une-GERD ngokulalela izimpawu zakho nokukuhlola.

• Ukubuza ngezimpawu: Udokotela uzokubuza ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu onazo, ukuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona, nokuthi zinzima kangakanani.
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nemithi: Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase asikisele izinguquko ezithile zokudla futhi akunike umuthi olula we-GERD isikhathi esifushane ukuze abone ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyathuthuka yini.
• Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe: Uma izimpawu zinzima, uma imithi ingasebenzi, noma uma kusolwa ezinye izinkinga, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:
• I-Upper Endoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu elincane, elincane, elifakwe ikhamera ngomlomo wakho ukuze kuhlolwe umphimbo wakho, isisu, kanye nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho amancane. Lokhu kungasiza ekuhloleni umonakalo kumphimbo wakho noma ezinye izinkinga. Uma kudingeka, kungathathwa isampula encane yezicubu (i-biopsy).
• Ukuhlolwa kweprobe ye-ambulatory acid (pH): Kulokhu kuhlolwa, kufakwa ithubhu elincane kakhulu ngekhala liye emhubheni bese lishiywa endaweni yalo cishe amahora angama-24, kulinganiswa ukuthi i-asidi igeleza kangaki futhi isikhathi esingakanani iye emhubheni.
• I-Esophageal manometry: Lokhu kulinganisa ingcindezi kanye nomsebenzi we-LES kanye nemisipha yomphimbo. Lokhu kubalulekile kubantu abanobunzima bokugwinya.
• Ukuhlolwa kokugwinya kwe-Barium `(i-Barium swallow / i-Esophagram)`:Kulokhu, uphuza uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-barium bese uthatha izithombe ze-X-ray. Lokhu kungabonisa ukuma komphimbo kanye nanoma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, akusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuxilonga i-GERD.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-GERD? Yini okufanele siyenze?

Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelapha i-GERD: izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, imithi, kanye nakwezinye izimo ezinzima, ukuhlinzwa.

1. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila (lezi yizinyathelo zokuqala nezibaluleke kakhulu!)

Ukwenza lezi zinto ngaphambi noma ngemithi kungasiza kakhulu ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-GERD.

• Ukulawula isisindo: Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, ukuzama ukunciphisa ngisho nesisindo esincane kungenza umehluko omkhulu.
• Ukugwema ukudla okubangela izinkinga: Thola ukudla ocabanga ukuthi kungenza izimpawu zakho ze-GERD zibe zimbi kakhulu (njengokudla okubabayo, okunamafutha, ushokoledi, ikhofi, izithelo ze-citrus) bese uzinciphisa ngangokunokwenzeka. Akuwona wonke umuntu othintwa ukudla okufanayo, ngakho-ke udinga ukuthola okukuthintayo.
• Ukushintsha imikhuba yokudla:
• Esikhundleni sokudla kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa, yidla ukudla okuncane okuningana.
• Ngemva kokudla, ungalali phansi okungenani amahora angu-2-3, hlala phansi.
• Qeda isidlo sakusihlwa okungenani amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokulala.
• Ukulala ikhanda lombhede liphakanyisiwe: Phakamisa ikhanda lombhede cishe ngamasentimitha angu-1.5-1.5. Lokhu kusebenza kangcono ngokubeka into efana nokhuni ngaphansi kwemilenze yombhede ukuze uphakamise ikhanda lombhede, kunokusebenzisa imicamelo eminingi.
• Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ukubhema akukuhle nje kuphela ku-GERD, kodwa nakuwo wonke umzimba wakho.
• Gwema izingubo eziqinile: Gwema ukugqoka izingubo eziqinile ezicindezela isisu sakho.

2. Imithi ethathwe ngeseluleko sezokwelapha

Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zinganele, udokotela wakho angase akunike le mithi. Ungalokothi uqhubeke nokusebenzisa le mithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.

• Ama-antacid: Lawa anikeza impumuzo esheshayo. Aqeda i-asidi esiswini. Kodwa-ke, ukuwasebenzisa njalo akukuhle, njengoba kungabangela imiphumela emibi. (Isibonelo: `Digene`, `Gelusil`).
• Ama-H2 Receptor Blockers: Lawa anciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi esiswini. Imithi efana ne-Famotidine ne-Cimetidine ingaphansi kwalesi sigaba.
• Ama-Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI): Lawa yimithi enamandla kakhulu yokunciphisa i-asidi etholakalayo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Omeprazole, i-Esomeprazole, i-Lansoprazole, kanye ne-Pantoprazole. Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi ngezinga elikhulu. Kodwa-ke, ingabangela imiphumela emibi uma isetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela.

3. Ukuhlinzwa kwezinye izimo

I-GERD ingalawulwa kaningi ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi. Kodwa-ke, uma kungekho kulokhu okusebenzayo, uma imithi ibangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu, noma uma i-GERD ibangele izinkinga ezinkulu (njenge-Barrett's esophagus), odokotela bangase batuse ukuhlinzwa.

• I-Fundoplication: Lolu ukuhlinzwa okuvamile kakhulu. Kulokhu, ingxenye engenhla yesisu iyathathwa bese igoqwa engxenyeni engezansi ye-esophagus ukuze kuqiniswe i-LES. Lokhu manje kungenziwa nge-laparoscopically (ngokusebenzisa ukusikwa okuncane).
• Kukhona nezinye izindlela eziningana zesimanje.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma i-GERD ingelashwa kahle? (Izinkinga)

Akusiwona umqondo omuhle ukucabanga ukuthi i-GERD imane nje iyisishiso. Uma ingelashwa kahle, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• I-Esophagitis: Ulwelwesi lomsipha lungavuvukala futhi lucasuke ngenxa yokuphindaphinda kwe-acid reflux. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu, ukopha, kanye nobunzima bokugwinya.
• Ukuqina komphimbo: Ukuvuvukala kwesikhathi eside kungabangela izibazi emqaleni, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ukudla kudlule.
• Umphimbo kaBarrett: Kulesi simo, amangqamuzana engxenyeni engezansi yomphimbo ashintsha afane namangqamuzana esiswini. Lokhu kubhekwa njengesimo esingaphambi komdlavuza esanda ingozi yomdlavuza . Abantu abanalesi simo basengozini enkulu yokuthola umdlavuza womphimbo.
• Umdlavuza wesisu: Abantu abane-Barrett's esophagus bangaba nalo mdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Akuwona wonke umuntu one-GERD owutholayo, futhi awuvamile , kodwa kukhona ingozi.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokuphefumula: Uma ama-asidi akhuphukayo engena endleleni yokuphefumula, izimo ezinjengokukhwehlela njalo, ukuphefumula kanzima, kanye ne-pneumonia zingavela.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokuzishaya indiva izimpawu ze-GERD.

Okokugcina, izinto okudingeka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-GERD iyisimo esicasulayo esingaba sibi kakhulu uma singelashwa. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi singalawulwa kakhulu .

Khumbula:

* Uma unezimpawu ezivamile njengobuhlungu besifuba noma umphimbo obuhlungu, ungazinaki. Bheka udokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko.

* Izinguquko ezilula zendlela yokuphila (ukulawula ukudla, ukwehlisa isisindo, ukushintsha indlela yokulala) zinganikeza impumuzo enkulu.

* Sebenzisa umuthi onikezwe udokotela wakho ngqo futhi ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Ungawuyeki noma uwuqale wedwa umuthi.

* Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka.

* Uma izingane ezincane zinezimpawu ze-GERD, bheka udokotela wezingane ngokushesha.

Ukuphila ne-GERD kungaba yinselele, kodwa ngokuphathwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo evamile nekhululekile. Vulela udokotela wakho ngezinkinga zakho nezinkinga zakho. Ngikufisela impilo enhle! I-GERD, Isifo Sokugobhoza Kwesisu, Isilungulela Senhliziyo, Ukugobhoza Kwe-Acid, Isihloko Sezokwelapha saseSinhala