Ingabe uzwa ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki emilenzeni yakho, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba ibanga elifushane noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi? Akupheli yini ngemva kokuhlala isikhashana? Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyingxenye evamile yokuguga noma ubuhlungu bamalunga, kodwa kungaba uphawu lokuthile okungathi sína kakhulu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Peripheral Artery Disease, noma i-PAD, esibangela lezi zimpawu. Lesi yisimo esingaphathwa kalula uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD)?
Kulungile, ake sikubeke kanje. Sinenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi ( imithambo yegazi ) ethwala igazi kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba wethu, akunjalo? Kufana nohlelo lwamapayipi oluthwala amanzi endlini yonke. Isifo Semithambo Yegazi Engaphesheya (i-PAD) yilapho leyo mithambo yegazi, ikakhulukazi leyo ethwala igazi emilenzeni, ezinqeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezingalweni, incipha kancane kancane.
Cabanga ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amapayipi amanzi ekhaya lakho ayagqwala futhi avinjwe uthuli, okunciphisa ukugeleza kwamanzi avela empompini. Ngokufanayo, izinto ezifana namafutha ne -cholesterol ziqoqana emithanjeni yethu yegazi bese zakha 'i-plaque'. Kwezokwelapha, sikubiza lokhu ngokuthi (i-atherosclerosis) . Le plaque inciphisa isikhala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu-ke kuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi kuyo. Lobo buhlungu buqala lapho imisipha emilenzeni ingatholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezizidingayo egazini.
Lesi sifo sithinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-200 emhlabeni jikelele. Ingozi yokusithola iyanda njengoba sikhula. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-PAD?
Abantu abaningi ababonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, njengoba isifo siqhubeka, lezi zimpawu zingase zivele. Ake sibheke izimpawu eziyinhloko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu bomlenze lapho uzivocavoca | Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu, ukuqina, ukukhathala, noma ukuba ndikindiki endaweni yakho yethole, ithanga, noma isinqe uma uhamba noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. Okumangazayo ukuthi lobu buhlungu buvame ukuphela phakathi nemizuzu eyi-10 yokuphumula. |
| Ubuhlungu obwenzeka ngisho nalapho uphumule | Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obushisayo emilenzeni, ezinyaweni, noma ezinzwaneni zakho uma ulele phansi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ubuhlungu bungase buphele uma ubeka umlenze wakho phansi. Lesi yisibonakaliso esibi kakhulu. |
| Amanxeba angapholi (izilonda) ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni | Ngenxa yokuthi imilenze ayihambi kahle kwegazi, ngisho nemihuzuko emincane ithatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaphenduka amanxeba amakhulu bese kutheleleka. |
| Izinguquko kumbala wesikhumba kanye nokushisa | Uma umthambo wegazi uvaleka ngokuphelele ngokuzumayo, isikhumba emlenzeni singaba nsomi, sibe luhlaza, sibe mnyama, noma siphenduke sibe mnyama ngokuzumayo . Umlenze ungase uzizwe ubanda kunomunye umlenze. Ungase uzwe umuzwa "wokubhoboza nezinaliti" . Lesi yisimo esidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi indawo lapho ubuhlungu bukhona ingakunikeza umbono ocacile wokuthi umthambo wegazi uvalekile kuphi. Isibonelo, uma uzwa ubuhlungu ezinqeni zakho, ezinqeni, noma emathangeni, ukuvaleka kungenzeka kakhulu emithanjeni emikhulu yegazi esiswini sakho esingezansi noma ethangeni. Uma ubuhlungu busesinqeni sakho kuphela, ukuvaleka kungenzeka kusemithanjeni yegazi eduze kwamadolo akho .
Kwabesilisa, lesi sifo singabangela ukuphazamiseka kokunikezwa kwegazi epenis , okuholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwenduku yowesilisa .
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-PAD?
Nakuba noma ubani engaba nalesi sifo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Bheka ukuthi unazo yini lezi zinto eziyingozi .
- Kwababhemayo : Lesi yisici esiyinhloko nesiyingozi kakhuluUkubhema konakalisa izindonga zangaphakathi ezibushelelezi zemithambo yegazi futhi kusheshise ukwakheka kwamahlule.
- Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela : Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini angalimaza nemithambo yegazi. Umuntu onesifo sikashukela nokubhema unamathuba aphindwe kabili kuya kwamane okuthola i-PAD kunomuntu ongenazo zombili lezi zimo.
- Kulabo abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme: Njengoba umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka, izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziyalimala futhi kuba lula ukuthi kwakheke amahlule.
- Kulabo abane-cholesterol ephezulu noma amazinga e-triglyceride: Uma amafutha amaningi egazini, kulapho amathuba okuba afakwe emithanjeni yegazi abe yi-plaque enkulu khona.
- Kulabo abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona.
- Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba ne-PAD, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi.
Yimiphi imiphumela engaba yingozi uma ingelashwa?
Uma ungakunaki lokhu, ucabanga ukuthi kuyinkinga yomlenze nje, kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Esinye silapho igazi eliya emlenzeni liyeka ngokuphelele futhi izicubu ziqala ukufa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-gangrene . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungadingeka ukunqunywa komunwe, uzwane, noma ingxenye yomlenze ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka ukuthi kusakazeke emzimbeni wonke. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, odokotela benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki.
Kukhona okubaluleke nakakhulu. Cabanga nje, uma imithambo yegazi emilenzeni yakho ivaliwe, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi imithambo ethwala igazi enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni bakho ivaliwe ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu one-PAD usengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuba nesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi . Ngakho-ke, ukwelapha i-PAD akusho nje ukusindisa imilenze yakho, kodwa futhi nokusindisa impilo yakho.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngqo?
Uma uya kudokotela wakho, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho uzohlola imilenze yakho. Ikakhulukazi, uzozwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zemilenze yakho ukuze ahlole noma yiziphi izinguquko ekugelezeni kwegazi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kungenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo:
- Inkomba ye-Ankle-brachial (ABI): Lokhu kuyindlela elula kakhulu, engenabuhlungu. Ilinganisa ingcindezi engalweni yakho kanye nengcindezi eqakaleni lakho bese iqhathanisa lokhu okubili. Ngokuvamile, ingcindezi eqakaleni lakho kufanele ibe phezulu kancane kunengcindezi engalweni yakho. Uma iphansi, kusho ukuthi kunenkinga ngokugeleza kwegazi emlenzeni wakho.
- I-ultrasound yemithambo yegazi:Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwengane. Kungabona ijubane lokugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi nanoma yikuphi ukuvaleka.
- Ukuqoshwa komthamo wokushaya kwenhliziyo (i-PVR): Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi lingakanani igazi eligeleza liye emilenzeni.
- I-CT angiogram / MRA (Magnetic resonance angiogram – MRA): Lezi zingathatha izithombe ezinemininingwane yemithambo yegazi futhi zikhombe indawo eqondile kanye nobukhulu bokuvinjelwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-PAD?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ebunzimeni bezimpawu zakho. Ezigabeni zokuqala, zingalawulwa kahle ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi.
1. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Lesi yisisekelo sokwelashwa.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca, ikakhulukazi ukuzivocavoca okuqondisiwe (Structured Exercise Therapy), kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Lapha, wenziwa ukuthi uhambe nge-treadmill. Lapho imilenze yakho iqala ukubuhlungu, uyama isikhashana, futhi lapho ubuhlungu buphela, uyahamba futhi. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emisha emilenzeni yakho.
- Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukudla ukudla okunemifino eminingi, izithelo, amantongomane, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele, kanye namafutha nosawoti omncane.
- Ukuyeka Ukubhema: Ngiyaphinda, into engcono kakhulu ongazenzela yona ukuyeka ukubhema namuhla uma wenza kanjalo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze akusize ngalokhu.
2. Imithi (izinhlobo zemithi)
Udokotela wakho angase akunike lolu hlobo lwemithi.
- Izinto zokunciphisa igazi: Zinciphisa ukujiya kwegazi futhi zenze kube lula ukuhamba kwegazi. (Isibonelo: i-Clopidogrel, i-Aspirin)
- Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (ama-Statins): Inciphisa ukunqwabelana kwe-plaque emithanjeni yegazi.
- Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi: Yehlisa umonakalo emithanjeni yegazi.
- Ama-Vasodilator: Le mithi isiza ekukhuliseni imithambo yegazi kancane, yandise ibanga ongalihamba ngaphandle kobuhlungu. (Isibonelo: i-Cilostazol)
3. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwezinyawo
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umuntu one-PAD anakekele izinyawo zakhe.
- Hlola izinyawo zakho nsuku zonke ukuze ubone ukuthi azinazo yini izilonda, imifantu, kanye nokushintsha kombala.
- Geza izandla zakho ngensipho nsuku zonke bese uzisula kahle, ngisho naphakathi kwezinzwane zakho.
- Ungalokothi uhambe ngezinyawo.
- Sebenzisa izicathulo ezikhululekile, ezilingana kahle, nezithambile kanye namasokisi.
4. Izinqubo Nokuhlinzwa
Uma lesi sifo singenakulawuleka ngemithi kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, noma uma lesi sifo sibi kakhulu, kungadingeka usebenzise lolu hlobo lokwelashwa.
- I-Angioplasty: Ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) lifakwa emthanjeni wegazi ovalekile bese kuthi idivayisi efana nebhaluni ifuthwe ekugcineni ukuze kwandiswe ukuvaleka. Ngezinye izikhathi kufakwa idivayisi encane efana ne-mesh ebizwa ngokuthi i -stent ukuze ingavaleki futhi.
- Ukususwa kwe-atherectomy: I-catheter isetshenziswa ukukhuhla i-plaque engaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-peripheral artery bypass: Njengokuhlinzwa kwe-heart bypass, i-artery entsha idalwa ngokusebenzisa umthambo wegazi othathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba noma umthambo wokwenziwa ukuze udlule umthambo ovalekile.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela? Kufanele ngiye nini e-ETU?
Uma uzizwa lezi zinto, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
- Uma izimpawu zisanda kuqala noma uma izimpawu ezikhona ziba zimbi kakhulu.
- Uma ukuhamba kunzima kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi evamile.
- Uma imilenze yakho ibuhlungu ngisho noma umile nje.
- Uma unenxeba emlenzeni wakho elingeke liphole.
Izimo lapho udinga ukuya esibhedlela ngokushesha:
Uma umlenze wakho uvele ungabi namandla ngokuzumayo, ungakwazi ukunyakaza, noma uhlukile ngombala (okhanyayo noma onsomi) futhi ubanda kunomunye umlenze, kusho ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuye kwaphela ngokuzumayo. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo. Kufanele uye e-ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) ngokushesha.
I-PAD iyisimo esihlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa uma iphathwa kahle, ungaphila impilo evamile. Kubalulekile ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho njalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ungabunaki ubuhlungu bemilenze uma uhamba njengoba kuyinto evamile. Kungaba uphawu lwe-Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD).
- I-PAD akuyona nje isifo semilenze. Kuyisixwayiso esikhulu sokuthi usengozini yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
- Ukubhema nesifo sikashukela yizinto ezimbili eziyinhloko ezibangela lesi sifo. Uma ubhema, yeka namuhla.
- Lesi sifo singalawulwa kahle ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila (ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla okuhle) kanye nokusebenzisa imithi enqunywe udokotela wakho.
- Nakekela izinyawo zakho ngokukhethekile. Zihlole nsuku zonke, uzigcine zihlanzekile, futhi ugqoke izicathulo ezifanele.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko. Kungasindisa umlenze wakho kanye nempilo yakho.
Isifo Semithambo Engaphesheya, i-PAD, ubuhlungu bemilenze, ukulahleka kwezinwele, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, i-atherosclerosis, ukubhema, isifo sikashukela
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