Ingabe imilenze yakho iyabuhlungu uma uhamba? Kungaba yisifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle!

Ingabe uzizwa ubuhlungu noma izinhlungu emilenzeni yakho, ikakhulukazi ematholeni akho, uma uhamba, ikakhulukazi ibanga elifushane? Ingabe kuyaphela ngemva kokuhlala phansi isikhashana nokuphumula, kodwa ingabe kuyabuya uma uhamba? Uma kunjalo, lokhu kuyinto engabaluleka kuwe. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Peripheral Artery Disease' , noma i-PAD ngamafuphi. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini 'Isifo Semithambo Yegazi Engaphazamisi'?

Kalula nje, i-Peripheral Artery Disease yisimo lapho ama-fatty deposits (i-plaque) eqoqana khona emithanjeni ethwala igazi eya emilenzeni yakho, iwanciphise kancane kancane. Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi elivalekile ngothuli bese kunciphisa kancane kancane ukugeleza kwamanzi. Imithambo yethu ifana namapayipi. Ibushelelezi kakhulu ngaphakathi, ngakho igazi lingageleza kahle ngaphandle kokujiya.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba leli 'plaque' (ungqimba lwamafutha ne-cholesterol) likhula kancane kancane ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, isikhala esingaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi siba sincane. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-atherosclerosis' . Ngezinye izikhathi, ubuso obuqinile baleli 'plaque' buyaqhuma, okuvumela 'ama-platelet' (uhlobo lweseli legazi elisiza ukugoba kwegazi) ukuthi akheke, okunciphisa kakhulu umthambo wegazi.

Uma umthambo uvalekile, igazi alikwazi ukugeleza kuwo. Izicubu ezisemilenzeni ezinikezwa yilowo mthambo zintula umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba. Lokhu kungalimaza lezo zicubu futhi ekugcineni kubangele ukuba zife (i-gangrene) . Lesi simo sivame ukuthinta izinzwane nezinyawo.

Abanye abantu bakhula ngokushesha i-PAD, kanti abanye bayikhula kancane. Kunezinye izinto eziningi ezithinta lokhu, njengokuthi i-plaque ikuphi emzimbeni wakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Sivame kangakanani lesi 'sifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle' (i-PAD)?

Empeleni i-PAD iyisimo esivame kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abaphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-8 nezingu-12 e-United States bahlushwa yilesi simo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi asihlolwa kahle futhi asilashwa. Ngakho-ke, inani langempela lingase libe phezulu.

I-PAD iwuthinta kanjani umzimba wami? Ziyini izimpawu?

Uphawu oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu lwe-PAD yi -claudication . Lokhu ubuhlungu emilenzeni (ikakhulukazi ematholeni) uma uhamba noma uzivocavoca. Lobuhlungu buyaphela uma uphumula. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba imisipha yemilenze ayitholi umoya-mpilo owanele.

Kodwa imiphumela ye-PAD ayigcini nje ngokuba nzima ukuhamba. Ingabangela nezilonda ezingelapheki emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni zakho.Ingozi yokuba nesifo sohlangothi iyanda. Uma isimo se-PAD siba sibi kakhulu, lezi zilonda zingaba izindawo zezicubu ezifile (i-gangrene), futhi kungadingeka ngisho nokususa unyawo noma umlenze (ukunqunywa). Cabanga ngomalume wethu uSiripala, akakwazi ngisho nokuhamba ibanga elifushane ukuya esitolo, uhlala ethi umlenze wakhe ubuhlungu, kungaba yinto efana nale.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile ze-PAD?

Akuwona wonke umuntu one-PAD ozoba nezimpawu. Cishe u-50% kungenzeka angabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu. Lokhu kwenzeka kancane kancane. Izimpawu zingase ziqale ukuvela lapho umthambo uncishisiwe ngo-60% noma ngaphezulu.

Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu, izinhlungu, noma ubuhlungu emilenzeni noma ezinqeni (i-claudication ngezikhathi ezithile) eyenzeka lapho uhamba noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. Lokhu kuncipha ngokuphumula.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni (ubuhlungu bokuphumula kwe-ischemic) ngisho nalapho uphumule, ikakhulukazi lapho ulele embhedeni ebusuku .
• Isikhumba esibandayo ezinyaweni.
• Ukubona ubomvu noma ezinye izinguquko zombala esikhumbeni.
• Ukutheleleka njalo kwesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile (ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni noma emilenzeni).
• Izilonda ezingapholi ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni.

Okubalulekile: Uma unalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ngoba uma i-PAD itholakala kusenesikhathi, ukwelashwa kungaqala ngaphambi kokuba kube nezinkinga ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Ingabe zikhona izigaba ze-PAD?

Yebo, odokotela basebenzisa izindlela eziningana ukuhlukanisa i-PAD. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Fontaine kulula kancane. Nazi izigaba:

• Isigaba I: Akunazimpawu.
• Isigaba IIa: Ubuhlungu obuncane emlenzeni ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca (i-claudication encane).
• Isigaba IIb: Ubuhlungu bomlenze obuphakathi kuya kobukhulu (ukuhlushwa okuphakathi kuya kobukhulu).
• Isigaba III: Ubuhlungu emilenzeni ngisho nalapho uphumule (ubuhlungu bokuphumula kwe-Ischemic).
• Isigaba IV: Izilonda noma i-gangrene.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-PAD?

Uma ingelashwa, abantu abane-PAD kungadingeka banqunywe umlenze noma unyawo (futhi akuvamile ukuba nesandla) . Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.

Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi luxhumene, imiphumela ye-PAD ayigcini nje esithweni esithintekile. Abantu abane-atherosclerosis emithanjeni yemilenze bangaba nalesi simo kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu one-PAD angaba nesifo semithambo yenhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, noma ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okuhamba kancane (TIA)., okusho ukuthi ingozi yezinto ezifana nohlangothi oluncane iphakeme kakhulu kunomuntu ongenalo i-PAD. Umuntu onesifo senhliziyo unethuba eli-1 kwangu-3 lokuba ne-PAD emilenzeni yakhe.

Iyini imbangela eyinhloko ye-PAD?

Imbangela eyinhloko ukuthuthuka kwe-atherosclerosis emithanjeni yemilenze (futhi akuvamile ukuba sezingalweni). Njengasemithanjeni yenhliziyo, ama-fatty deposits (i-plaque) akheka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, kancane kancane anciphise imithambo yegazi futhi ekugcineni ayivimbe.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi ye-PAD?

Ukusebenzisa ugwayi kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu nesinamandla sengozi ye-PAD kanye nezinkinga zayo. Eqinisweni, abantu abangu-80% abane-PAD bangabantu ababhemayo noma ababekade bebhema. Ukusebenzisa ugwayi kwandisa ingozi yokuthola i-PAD cishe ngo-400%. Kungaphinde kulibazise ukuqala kwezimpawu kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abangabhemi, abantu ababhemayo futhi abane-PAD banamathuba amaningi okuba nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukufa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi .
• Imiphumela emibi yokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass emilenzeni.
• Ukunqunywa ingalo noma umlenze.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungowesifazane noma uyindoda, usengozini yokuthola i-PAD uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zici eziyingozi:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi (lesi yisona sici esinamandla kakhulu).
• Ukuba nesifo sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus).
• Ukuba neminyaka engu-50 noma ngaphezulu.
• Ukuba nomdabu wase-Afrika waseMelika (yize lokhu kungabalulekile kangako eSri Lanka, kuhle ukukwazi).
• Ukuba nomlando womuntu siqu noma womndeni wesifo senhliziyo noma isifo semithambo yegazi.
• Ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension).
• Ukuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu (i-Hyperlipidemia).
• Ukukhuluphala kwesisu.
• Ukuba nenkinga yokujiya kwegazi.
• Ukuba nesifo sezinso (lokhu kungaba yisici esiyingozi futhi kube umphumela we-PAD).

Itholakala kanjani i-PAD? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma ubona udokotela, uzokuhlola futhi akubuze ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezici eziyingozi. Ezinye izivivinyo ezingahlaseli zingenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi une-PAD yini, futhi uma kunjalo, ukuthi inzima kangakanani. Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza ekutholeni ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi:

• Inkomba ye-Ankle-brachial (ABI): Lokhu kukala umfutho wegazi eqakaleni nasengalweni.
• Ukuqoshwa kwevolumu yokushaya kwenhliziyo (i-PVR).
• I-ultrasound yemithambo yegazi.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlolwa okungenayo okubizwa ngokuthi i-angiogram kungadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuvinjelwa kwemithambo yegazi.

Ingabe i-PAD ingaguqulwa?

Yebo, ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthiUkuzivocavoca umzimba nokulawula i-cholesterol kanye nomfutho wegazi kungaguqula izimpawu ze-PAD.

Ngokutholakala kusenesikhathi, ukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, kanye nokwelashwa, i-PAD ingavinjelwa ekubeni ibe yimbi kakhulu. Uma ucabanga ukuthi usengozini yokuthola i-PAD, noma uma usuvele unezimpawu, bona udokotela womndeni wakho, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha imithambo yegazi, noma udokotela wenhliziyo ukuze uqale uhlelo lokuvimbela noma lokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-PAD?

I-PAD ingelashwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, imithi, kanye nezinqubo zezokwelapha.

Kunezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwe-PAD:

1. Ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yezehlakalo zenhliziyo , njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.

2. Nciphisa ubuhlungu ngenkathi uhamba futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Ukwelashwa kwe-PAD kuqala ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila ukuze unciphise izinto eziyingozi. Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza:

• Ukuyeka ngokuphelele imikhiqizo kagwayi. Buza udokotela wakho ngezinhlelo ezingakusiza ukuthi uyeke ukubhema.
• Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo okune-fiber eningi kanye ne-cholesterol ephansi, amafutha, kanye ne-sodium. Nciphisa amafutha abe ngu-30% wamakhalori aphelele ansuku zonke. Amafutha agcwele akufanele adlule u-7% wamakhalori aphelele. Gwema ukudla okwenziwe ngamafutha e-trans, njengamafutha emifino agcwele i-hydrogen kanye ne-hydrogenated.
• Ukuzivocavoca. Qala uhlelo lokuzivocavoca olujwayelekile, njengokuhamba. Ukuhamba kuyindlela enhle yokwelapha i-PAD. Abantu abahamba njalo bangandisa ibanga abangalihamba ngaphambi kokuba imilenze yabo ibuhlungu.
• Phatha ezinye izimo zempilo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.
• Gcina amazinga akho okucindezeleka ephansi. Izinto ezifana nokuzivocavoca umzimba, i-yoga, nokuzindla zingasiza ngalokhu.
• Zijwayeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kwezinyawo nesikhumba ukuze uvimbele izifo futhi unciphise ingozi yezinkinga.

Imithi

Imithi efana nemithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi , imithi ye-statin , kanye nemithi yesifo sikashukela ingasiza ekulawuleni izici eziyingozi ze-PAD futhi inciphise ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Udokotela wakho angase akunike umuthi wokulwa nama-platelet, njenge-aspirin noma i-clopidogrel, ukuvimbela amahlule egazi. Angase futhi akunike umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-cilostazol ukwandisa ibanga ongalihamba. Lo muthi usiza abantu abasebenzisa i-claudication ngezikhathi ezithile isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba imilenze yabo ibe buhlungu.

Izinhlelo zokuzivocavoca eziqondisiwe

Uhlelo lokuzivocavoca oluqondiswa udokotela lungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu emilenzeni futhi lukusize uhambe kakhulu. Lokhu kuvame ukuhilela ukuhamba nge-treadmill okungenani izinsuku ezintathu ngesonto.

Abantu abane-PAD kufanele bahambe imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60 ngosuku, ngisho noma besekhaya. Iseluleko esivame kakhulu ukusebenzisa isivivinyo esithi "Qala/Yeka":

• Hamba kuze kube yilapho ubuhlungu buphakathi, bese uyeka.
• Linda kuze kube yilapho ubuhlungu buphelile ngokuphelele.
• Qala ukuhamba futhi.

Ukwelashwa okungenangozi kakhulu noma okuhlinzayo

Kwabanye abantu, ngisho nangemva kwezinyanga zokuzivocavoca kanye nemithi, ubuhlungu bomlenze bungaba bukhulu kangangokuthi buphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhlungu ngisho nalapho uphumule, noma ukusiza ekwelapheni ukulimala.

Amacala asethuthukile e-PAD, abangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokungakwazi ukuhamba, angadinga ukwelashwa kwe-endovascular (okungangeni kakhulu) noma ukuhlinzwa. Ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha ezifanayo ezisetshenziswa ezifweni zenhliziyo nazo zisetshenziselwa i-PAD:

• I-Angioplasty: Ukwandisa umthambo ovalekile kusetshenziswa idivayisi efana nebhaluni.
• Ukubekwa kwe-stent: Ukufakwa kwepayipi elincane eline-mesh ukuze kugcinwe umthambo uvulekile.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula kwemithambo yegazi engaphandle: Ukudala indlela ehlukile yokugeleza kwegazi (ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa omunye umthambo emzimbeni) ukuze kudlule umthambo ovalekile.
• Ukususwa kwe-atherectomy: Ukususwa kwe-plaque efakwe ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elikhethekile.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngemva kokwelashwa

Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezilandelayo ngemva kwalokhu kwelashwa, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokutheleleka noma enye inkinga:

• Ukuvuvukala, ukopha, noma ubuhlungu lapho kufakwe khona i-catheter.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze.
• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Ukusika ngokuhlinzwa kuyavuleka.

Isikhathi esithathayo ukululama ngemva kokwelashwa siyahlukahluka kuye ngokwelashwa okutholile. Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela ubusuku obubodwa noma ngaphezulu. Nakuba i-atherectomy ingathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukululama, i-angioplasty ingathatha cishe isonto. I-peripheral artery bypass graft ingathatha cishe amasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-8 ukululama ngokugcwele.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi ye-PAD? (Ukuvimbela)

Uma usuyazi ukuthi unezici eziyingozi ze-PAD, ungase ushukumiseleke ukuyivimbela. Iseluleko esifanayo sokugcina inhliziyo yakho iphilile siyasebenza ekunakekeleni ukujikeleza kwegazi lakho:

• Lawula isisindo sakho.
• Yidla ukudla okunamafutha aphansi, okunoshukela omncane, futhi okuhlanganisa okungenani izithelo nemifino emisha emihlanu nsuku zonke.
• Ungasebenzisi imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ngokwamukelwa udokotela wakho, vivinya umzimba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku eziningi zesonto.

Uma unesifo senhliziyo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezikubangela ingozi yokuba ne-PAD. Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu onazo, njengobuhlungu emilenzeni, ubuthakathaka, noma ukuba ndikindiki.

Yini ongayilindela uma une-PAD?

Njengezimo eziningi zempilo, i-PAD kulula ukuyiphatha uma itholakale kusenesikhathi. Izinga lokuthuthuka kwe-PAD liyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuthi i-plaque ikuphi kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

I-PAD yisimo ongase ube naso impilo yakho yonke. Nakuba kungekho ikhambi le-PAD, ungayilawula. Ungavimbela i-PAD ukuthi ibe yimbi ngokwenza lezi zinto:

• Ukungayisebenzisi imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Nciphisa amafutha bese udla ukudla okunempilo.
• Ukulawula izici zakho eziyingozi, njengesifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Ngizinakekela kanjani? (Ukuzinakekela)

Kubalulekile ukunakekela izinyawo zakho kahle ukuze uvimbele amanxeba angapholi. Ukunakekelwa kwezinyawo zabantu abane-PAD kuhlanganisa:

• Gqoka izicathulo ezikhululekile nezifanela kahle.
• Hlola izinyawo nemilenze yakho nsuku zonke ukuze ubone amabhamuza, ukusikeka, imifantu, imihuzuko, noma izilonda. Futhi bheka ukubomvu, ukufudumala, izinzipho zezinyawo ezikhule ngaphakathi, ama-corn, kanye nama-callus. Njengomuntu onesifo sikashukela, udinga ukunakekela izinyawo zakho.
• Ungalibali ukwelapha ngisho nenkinga encane yonyawo noma yesikhumba.
• Gcina izinyawo zakho zihlanzekile futhi zimanzi kahle (ungafaki i-moisturizer esilondeni esivulekile).
• Ngemva kokugeza, nquma izinzipho zakho zisathambile. Sika ngqo bese uzibeka ziqonde phansi ngefayela lezinzipho.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angakuthumela kudokotela wezinyawo , ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sikashukela. Angakusiza ngama-bunion, ama-bunion, noma ezinye izinkinga zezinyawo.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Bona udokotela ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma uthola ukutheleleka okubi enxebeni elisezinyaweni zakho, ukutheleleka kungasakazekela emisipheni yakho, ezicutshini, egazini nasemathanjeni. Uma ukutheleleka kukubi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela.
• Uma kunzima kakhulu ukuhamba ukuze wenze ngisho nemisebenzi evamile.
• Uma unezinhlungu emilenzeni yakho ngisho nalapho uphumule , lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokungatholakali kahle kwegazi.

Isimo Esiphuthumayo:Uma ungakwazi ukuwuzwa umlenze wakho, ungakwazi ukuwushukumisa, noma isikhumba esikuwo sinombala ohlukile kunomlenze wakho wonke, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi igazi eliya emlenzeni wakho limile ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

• Ingabe ngidinga imithi yokunciphisa ingozi yami ye-PAD?
• Kufanele ngihambe ibanga elingakanani uma ngiqala uhlelo lokuhamba ngezinyawo?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-PAD?

Okokugcina, khumbula lokhu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ungenza okuningi ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwe-Peripheral Artery Disease, noma i-PAD, ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila. Gcina zonke izikhathi zakho zokulandelela nodokotela wakho kanye nochwepheshe wemithambo yegazi, futhi uphuze yonke imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe. Ukwazi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zezinkinga ze-PAD kuzokusiza wazi ukuthi kufanele ufune nini usizo. Nakekela imilenze yakho, ngoba izokuhambisa ibanga elide!

Isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle, i-PAD, ubuhlungu emilenzeni, imithambo yegazi evalekile, ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukubhema, isifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol, i-atherosclerosis, i-claudication