Ingabe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi egazini lakho ayashintsha isimo? Ake sixoxe nge-(Poikilocytosis)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu? Noma ingabe udokotela wake wabheka umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi wathi, "Kukhona ushintsho oluncane esimweni samaseli akho abomvu egazi?" Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, elinye lamagama esiwazwayo lithi `(Poikilocytosis)` (elibizwa ngokuthi: poi-ki-lo-say-to-sis). Ungesabi kakhulu uma uzwa leli gama. Lesi akusona isifo, kodwa kungaba uphawu lokuthi kukhona okunye okwenzekayo emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Kuyini ngempela `(Poikilocytosis)`?

Kalula nje, "i-Poikilocytosis" isho ukuthi inani elikhulu (okungukuthi, ngaphezu kuka-10%) lamaseli abomvu egazini lethu anezimo ezingavamile. Manje ungase ucabange, "Pho kungani isimo samaseli abomvu egazini sibalulekile?"

Cabanga nje, wonke amanye amaseli, izicubu, kanye nezitho zomzimba wethu zidinga amandla ukuze ziphile futhi zisebenze. Lawo mandla anikezwa umoya-mpilo. Ngubani owaziyo, lo moya-mpilo, njengokuletha isilinda segesi ekhaya, uthwalwa kuwo wonke umzimba? Lawo amangqamuzana ethu egazi abomvu. Ngokuvamile, uma uthatha iseli legazi elibomvu eliphilile, wonke anobukhulu nesimo esifanayo. Njengohlamvu lwemali oluyindilinga (njengediski) olugobile kancane ezinhlangothini zombili.

Ngakho-ke, uma isimo sala maseli abomvu egazi sishintsha (`(Poikilocytosis)`) noma usayizi ushintsha (kukhona elinye elibizwa ngokuthi `(Anisocytosis)`), awakwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo kahle. Yilapho sithola khona izimo ezifana ne -anemia (ukuntuleka kwegazi egazini). Lokho kusho ukuthi amaseli omzimba awatholi umoya-mpilo owanele, okusho amandla.

Yiziphi izimo ezingavamile zamaseli abomvu egazi? (Ama-Poikilocytes)

Odokotela bahlukanisa la maseli abomvu egazi anesimo esingavamile (abizwa nangokuthi 'ama-Poikilocytes') ngokubukeka kwawo. Uma une-`(i-Poikilocytosis)` kusampula yegazi, ungase ubone okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Amaseli e-Acanthocyte / Spur : Lawa afana negatsha lameva. Anezinhlayiya ezinde, ezibanzi, ezifana nezipikili eziphuma kulwelwesi lweseli.
• Ama-Codocyte / Amaseli aqondiwe : Lawa abukeka njengebhodi eliqondiwe. Kukhona indilinga emnyama phakathi.
• Amaseli e-Dacrocyte / Teardrop : Anesimo se-Teardrop. Olunye uhlangothi lweseli luncane futhi lucijile.
• Ama-Drepanocytes / Amaseli e-Sickle : Lawa amaseli amancane, amise okwesikele angabonakala kubantu abanesifo se-sickle cell.
• Ama-Echinocyte : Njenge-sea urchin, iseli limbozwe yizinhlungu ezikude ngokulinganayo kulo lonke.
• Ama-Elliptocyte / Ama-Ovalocyte noma amaseli e-Cigar : Lawa amise okweqanda futhi amade ngokungavamile. Angahluka ngobukhulu kusukela kweqanda kuya kwelesigayi.
• Ama-Schistocyte : Lawa yizingcezu zamaseli abomvu egazi. Avame ukuba nokubukeka okuxekethile nokuphukile, kodwa angaba yinoma yisiphi isimo.
• Ama-spherocyte: Ayisiyingi. Njengebhola elincane.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwalezi zinhlobo lungahlotshaniswa nezimo ezithile zezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Izimpawu ze-``Poikilocytosis`` ziyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezivame ukubonakala ziyafana nalezo ezibangelwa yi-anemia.

Nazi ezinye izimpawu ze-anemia:

• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala okukhulu (ukuzizwa ukhathele nje).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) – ukuphelelwa umoya ngisho nangemisebenzi emincane.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia).
• Ngezinye izikhathi uzwa umsindo othi "whooshing" ezindlebeni zakho (`(pulsatile tinnitus)`).
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
• Isiyezi .
• Isikhumba esimpunga .
• Ubuhlungu besifuba .

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Izimbangela zalezi zinhlobo zamaseli abomvu egazi ezingajwayelekile zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: ezizuzwe njengefa kanye nezitholwe ngefa . Ezinye izimo, njenge-Myelodysplastic Syndrome, zingabangela kokubili.

Izimo Ezizuzwe Njengefa

Ezimweni eziningi, izimbangela zokuzalwa zibangelwa yiphutha kulwazi lwezakhi zofuzo (i-DNA) lokuthi iseli elibomvu legazi lidinga ukukhula, ukusebenza, nokusinda kahle. Amaseli abomvu egazi anezakhiwo ezingavamile aphuka ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba umzimba ukwazi ukwenza amaseli amasha. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hemolytic anemia .

Ezinye izimo zokuzalwa ezibangela `(Poikilocytosis)`:

• `(I-Elliptocytosis Yefa)`
• `(I-Spherocytosis Yefa)`
• `(Isifo sikaMcLeod)`
• `(Ukuntuleka kwe-Pyruvate Kinase)`
• `(Isifo Seseli Lesikele)` (Isifo Seseli Lesikele)` (Isifo Seseli Lesikele)
• `(Thalassemia)`

Lezi izinto ngokuvamile ezidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.

Imibandela Etholiwe

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zingabangela nokushintsha kwesimo samaseli abomvu egazi. Isibonelo, uma umzimba ungatholi izakhamzimba ezanele ozidingayo ukuze wakhe amaseli abomvu egazi anempilo, njenge -vitamin B12, i-folate, kanye ne-iron, kungenzeka kube ne-anemia ehlukahlukene. I-Poikilocytosis iyisibonakaliso esivamile salokhu kuntuleka kokudla okunempilo. Ingabangelwa futhi yizifo, njengeminye imidlavuza, eziphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaseli abomvu egazi.

Ezinye zezimo zakamuva ezibangela `(Poikilocytosis)` yilezi:

• I-Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
• Ukusha (uma kukhulu)
• `(Isifo se-Celiac)`
• Izifo ezahlukahlukene
• I-anemia yokuntuleka kwensimbi
• Isifo Sezinso
• I-Leukemia (umdlavuza wegazi)
• Isifo Sesibindi
• I-Megaloblastic anemia (ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12 noma i-folate)
• `(I-Myelofibrosis)`
• Ubuthi (isb. umthofu)
• Ukusabela ekumpontshelweni igazi
• Ukusabela ku-splenectomy
• Ukulunywa yinyoka

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Izimo eziningi ezibangela i-poikilocytosis zingaphathwa ngokwelashwa, kanti ezinye zingelashwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma zingelashwa, ezinye izimo zingaba zimbi kakhulu futhi zisongele nokuphila. Isibonelo, uma une-anemia, ungase uzizwe ukhathele kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Uma ulahlekelwa amaseli egazi abomvu anele anempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungaholela ezimweni ezifana nokwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba .

Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane, uma kwenzeka i-anemia engalashwa, ingathinta ukukhula kwazo kanye nentuthuko yazo.

Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela wakho esethole imbangela eqondile ye-Poikilocytosis yakho, uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinjengalezi.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu ngqo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko udokotela angakusebenzisa ukuxilonga i-poikilocytosis yi -peripheral blood smear (PBS) . Lokhu kuhilela uchwepheshe welabhorethri othatha ithonsi lesampula yegazi lakho alibheke ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Bese bebona ukuthi mangaki amangqamuzana akho abomvu anesimo esingavamile nokuthi aluhlobo luni lwesimo.

Ezinye izinhlobo zamaseli zivame kakhulu ezimweni ezithile zesifo. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangaphakathi kwesimo esifanayo sesifo, kungaba nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli. Isibonelo, ezimweni ezifana ne-`(Hemolytic Anemia)`, `(Megaloblastic Anemia)`, `(Myelofibrosis)`, `(Thalassemia)`, izinhlobo eziningana zamaseli ezingavamile zingabonakala.

Odokotela bakho kungase kudingeke benze ezinye izivivinyo ukuze bathole ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-poikilocytosis yakho.

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola imbangela `(i-Poikilocytosis)`

Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) kuvame ukwenziwa kanye ne-PBS. I-CBC inganikeza ulwazi oluningi mayelana namaseli egazini lakho, kufaka phakathi amazinga nobukhulu bawo. Amanye amanani aku-CBC anganikeza ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana namaseli abomvu egazi, okungasiza ekunqumeni imbangela ye-Poikilocytosis. Lawa manani afaka:

• `I-Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)` : Usayizi ojwayelekile wamaseli akho abomvu egazi.
• `I-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)` : Inani elimaphakathi le-hemoglobin emangqamuzaneni akho abomvu egazi.
• "Ukuhlushwa kwe-Hemoglobin Emaphakathi Ye-Corpuscular (MCHC)": Inani elimaphakathi lokuhlushwa kwe-hemoglobin kumaseli akho abomvu egazi.
• `Ububanzi Bokusatshalaliswa Kwamaseli Abomvu (RDW)` : Ukuthi amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi ahluka kangakanani ngobukhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho angahlola amazinga akho e-vitamin B12, i-folate, kanye ne-iron, futhi angayala nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela ye-poikilocytosis yakho nokuthi izimpawu zakho zimbi kangakanani.

Khumbula, uma imbangela yalesi simo kuwukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo (isib. i-iron, ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12), ukuthatha izithasiselo zokudla ezifanele, noma ukushintshela ekudleni okucebile nge-vitamin B12 noma i-folate, ngokuvamile kungaxazulula lesi simo (i-Poikilocytosis)`.

Izimo eziningi zokuzalwa nazo zidinga ukubhekwa ngokucophelela . Ungadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi njalo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi unamaseli egazi abomvu anele anempilo. Noma ungadinga ukwelashwa kuphela ngokusekelwe ekutheni unezimpawu noma cha.

Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?

Asikwazi ukuvimbela izimbangela zokuzalwa ze-"Poikilocytosis." Kodwa-ke, singanciphisa ingozi yezinye izimbangela eziqala kamuva.

Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokunakekela amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi ukuthola izakhamzimba umzimba wakho ozidingayo ukuze uzikhiqize. Qiniseka ukuthi uthola amavithamini B anele, i-folate, kanye ne-iron . Lezi izithako ezibalulekile umzimba wakho ozidingayo ukuze wakhe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anempilo. Kuphinde kusize ukunciphisa inani lotshwala oluphuzayo . Utshwala obuningi bungenza kube nzima ngomzimba wakho ukumunca lezi zakhamzimba.

Ikusasa lizosiphathelani? (I-Outlook)

Ngokuvamile, uma imbangela ye-`(Poikilocytosis)` iyisimo esiqala kamuva, isibikezelo ngokuvamile siba sihle. Ezimweni zezimbangela zokuzalwa, isibikezelo siyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo esiyisisekelo. Isibonelo, nakuba isikhathi sokuphila sabantu abane-`(Sickle Cell Disease)` ngokuvamile sibhekwa njengesifushane, ukwelashwa okusha manje sekwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ngenkathi kulawulwa izimpawu.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ze-anemia (izinto esikhulume ngazo ngaphambilini, njengokukhathala nobuthakathaka), qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.

Ngisho noma uzizwa uphilile futhi ungenazo izimpawu, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe minyaka yonke. Udokotela wakho angahlola namaseli akho egazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula, njengokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC), kungasiza ekutholeni nasekuphatheni izinkinga zempilo ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Ingabe lokhu "i-Poikilocytosis" kuyisimo esibucayi?

`(Poikilocytosis)` ngokwayo ayiyona into embi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, i-`Kungaba uphawu lwesimo sezokwelapha esingaphansi esingaholela ezinkingeni uma singelashwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle ukuthi yini ebangela `(i-Poikilocytosis)` bese ucela ukwelashwa uma kudingeka.

I-Poikilocytosis ingase izwakale njengesimo esibucayi, kodwa akunjalo. Kumane kuyisici samaseli akho abomvu egazi odokotela abasisebenzisayo ukuhlola impilo yakho. Uma uthola ukuthi amaseli akho abomvu egazi awavamile, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho ngakho. Angakutshela ukuthi kuthinta impilo yakho yini, futhi uma kunjalo, ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuze ususe lesi simo noma uphathe lesi simo esiyisisekelo.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, amaphuzu ayinhloko okufanele uwakhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho yile:

• I-Poikilocytosis yilapho amaseli akho abomvu angaphezu kuka-10% esesimweni esingavamile.
• Lokhu akusona isifo, kodwa kungaba uphawu lwesimo esingaphansi.
• Izimpawu ze-anemia (ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, ukuphaphatheka) nazo zingabonakala kulokhu.
• Izimbangela zingaba ukuzalwa noma ukutholwa (ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, izifo ezithile).
• Lokhu kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula (`PBS`, `CBC`).
• Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela, kodwa ngokuvamile kungalawulwa.
• Ukugcina ukudla okunempilo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ezinye zezimbangela zokuthi isifo siqale kamuva.
• Uma unezimpawu noma ungabaza ngalokhu, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

I- Poikilocytosis, Amaseli Abomvu Egazi, Ukuma Kwamaseli Egazi, I-Anemia, Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi, Impilo, I-Anemia, Amaseli Abomvu Egazi, Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi