Ingabe ubunzima bokukhuluma buyanda kancane kancane? Ingabe kungaba yi-Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA)?

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi unenkinga yokuthola amagama afanele uma ukhuluma? Noma uthatha isikhathi ukuqonda ukuthi othile uthini? Ingabe lezi zinto zibonakala ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi? Lokhu akuyona nje into eyenzekayo njengoba ukhula. Mhlawumbe kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele lesi simo, esizokhuluma ngaso, esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Primary Progressive Aphasia' (PPA).

Iyini i-Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA)?

Kalula nje, i-Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) yisimo lapho ikhono lokukhuluma nokuqonda amagama abhaliwe lincipha kancane kancane ngenxa yomonakalo ezingxenyeni zobuchopho bethu ezihlobene nolimi. I-'Aphasia' ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokusebenzisa ulimi ngenxa yomonakalo ebuchosheni.

Manje, lapho lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-aphasia' sibangelwa yisifo esiqhubekayo sokuwohloka kwemizwa (isifo sobuchopho) esiba sibi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, odokotela basibiza ngokuthi 'i-primary progressive aphasia'. Ekuqaleni, ungase ube nobunzima bokuthola amagama afanele okuveza lokho okucabangayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi simo siba sibi kancane kancane, futhi ungase ulahlekelwe ikhono lakho lokubhala, ukukhuluma, noma ukuqonda ulimi ngokuphelele.

Ngokuvamile, imbangela eyinhloko ye-PPA yisifo sobuchopho esiqhubekayo, njengesifo i-Alzheimer's noma i-frontotemporal dementia . Kulezi zifo, izingxenye zobuchopho bethu ezilawula inkulumo futhi zisisize siqonde amagama kanye nencazelo yawo kancane kancane ziba buthaka.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-PPA?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-PPA. Odokotela abangochwepheshe bahlukanisa lokhu ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• I-Logopenic progressive aphasia: Kulolu hlobo, ungase ube nobunzima bokuthola amagama afanele. Ungase futhi ube nobunzima bokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo. Isibonelo, ungase ufune ukusho okuthile, kodwa uzizwe sengathi awukwazi ukuthola amagama afanele. Ngezinye izikhathi, amagama angase adideke.

• I-aphasia eqhubekayo engaphumi kahle: Lokhu kubonakala ngamaphutha ohlelo lolimi noma ubunzima bokukhuluma kahle nangokushelela. Inkulumo ingase izwakale ingacacile, amagama angase abe nzima ukuwakha, imisho ingaba mifushane kakhulu, futhi ukukhuluma kungase kubonakale kuwumzamo omkhulu.

• I-Semantic dementia: Kulolu hlobo, abantu banenkinga yokukhumbula igama lento uma beyibona. Bangase babe nobunzima bokuqonda incazelo yamagama ngamanye. Isibonelo, uma umuntu ethi 'indebe', angase angakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi iyini noma ukuthi yenzani. Kodwa-ke, bangase bakwazi ukukhuluma ngendlela efanele ngokohlelo lolimi, kodwa balahlekile encazelweni yamagama.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

Noma ubani angakha i-PPA. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuyidala. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Uma othile emndenini wake waba ne-PPA ngaphambili (Umlando womndeni we-PPA), lokhu kusho ukuthi ingazuzwa njengefa ngezinga elithile.
• Abanye abantu bazalwa benezinguquko zofuzo (isibonelo, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ku-GRN gene) . Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kuwo wonke umuntu.
• Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi le ngozi iphakeme kancane nakubantu abanokukhubazeka kokufunda , kodwa kwenziwa ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngalokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-PPA?

Izimpawu ze-PPA zivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka engu-50 no-70. Ekuqaleni, kungase kuqale njengobunzima bokukhuluma obuncane kakhulu. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungathinta ukucabanga nokwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-PPA zingaba:

• Unenkinga yokuthola igama elifanele lento. Ngezinye izikhathi amagama anjengokuthi "Lokho... lokho, yini lokho..." angasetshenziswa esikhundleni salokho.
• Ukuma kancane njalo lapho ukhuluma, kwandisa izikhala phakathi kwamagama .
• Amaphutha ohlelo lolimi avamile. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezenzo.
• Inkulumo ecothayo .
• Ubunzima bokuqonda okushiwo abanye, ikakhulukazi imisho eyinkimbinkimbi.
• Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikhono lokusebenzisa ulimi liyalahleka ngokuphelele .

Yiziphi izici ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PPA?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-PPA ukuncipha kancane kancane kanye nokushwabana (ukuwohloka) kwezingxenye zobuchopho bethu ezilawula ulimi - ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezisohlangothini lwesobunxele lobuchopho. Njengoba izicubu zobuchopho zincipha ngale ndlela, kuthinta ngqo ikhono lethu lokuxhumana.

Ngezinye izikhathi, lolu hlobo lomonakalo wobuchopho lungaqala lapho sizalwa ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo . Ngezinye izikhathi, kungenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile.

Kwabaningi, odokotela abakwazi ukuthola ingozi ecacile yalokho. Okwamanje kukholelwa ukuthi inhlanganisela yezici zemvelo kanye nezakhi zofuzo ingabangela i-PPA. Ngisho noma ungenalo ushintsho lwezakhi zofuzo, kungenzeka ukuthi othile emndenini wakho unalesi simo.

Ngingayithola kanjani ukuthi ngine-PPA?

Udokotela wakho angase asole ukuthi une-PPA ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho. Okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi izinkinga zakho zokukhuluma ziqale kanjani, ukuthi ziye zaba zimbi yini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nokuthi yiziphi ezinye izinkinga onazo. Uzophinde abheke umlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nomlando womndeni ukuze abone ukuthi usengozini enkulu yini yokuthola i-PPA.

Ukuze uqinisekise lesi sifo, kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo okukhethekile: Lokhu kuhlola izinto ezifana nenkumbulo yakho, amakhono olimi, kanye nokunaka.
• Ukuskena kobuchopho: Isibonelo, kungenziwa i -MRI noma i-CT scan . Lokhu kuskena kungahlola noma yiziphi izindawo zobuchopho ezinciphile noma ezinye izimo zobuchopho.
• Ngezinye izikhathi izinto ezifana nokuhlolwa kwegazi zingenziwa ukuze kunqunywe ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-PPA?

Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-PPA, futhi ayikho indlela yokuvimba lesi sifo ukuthi singaqhubeki. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Abantu abane-PPA bangazuza ekwelashweni okufana nalokhu:

• Ukubamba iqhaza ekwelashweni kwenkulumo kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo . Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ugcine amakhono akho olimi kanye nokucabanga isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Cabanga ngakho njengokuzivocavoca, lokhu kwelashwa kuqeqesha ubuchopho bakho ukusebenzisa lawo makhono. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngenkulumo uzokufundisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuthola amagama nokuhlanganisa imisho.
• Ukufunda izindlela ezintsha zokuxhumana, njengolimi lwezandla, ukusebenzisa izithombe, noma ukusebenzisa amadivayisi okuxhumana akhethekile.
• Imithi efana nama -SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) ingasetshenziswa ukuphatha izinguquko zokuziphatha, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka okungenzeka nge-PPA. Lokhu kufanele kuthathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Uma imbangela eyinhloko ye-PPA kuyisifo i-Alzheimer's , khona-ke kunconywa ukuthatha imithi evunyelwe yona. Nakuba le mithi ingayilaphi ngokuphelele i-PPA, ingasiza ekulawuleni ezinye zezimpawu.

Ingabe ingozi yokuthola i-PPA ingancishiswa?

Ayikho indlela eqinisekile engu-100% yokuvimbela i-PPA, njengoba ithonywa futhi yizakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, ukwenza izinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila kunganciphisa ingozi yokuba ne-dementia , isimo esibangela ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. Lezi zinto zingase zithinte i-PPA ngokungaqondile:

• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esifanele iminyaka yakho, ubulili kanye nohlobo lomzimba wakho.
• Ukugwema ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda. Lokhu kusho ukugqoka amabhande esihlalo uma ugibela izimoto, ukuzivikela ekuweni, njll. Kubalulekile futhi ukugqoka izigqoko zokuzivikela uma udlala ezemidlalo.
• Iqukethe izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, amaprotheni angenamafutha amaningi, kanye namafutha anempiloUkudla ukudla okunempilo.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo. Faka kokubili ukuzivocavoca kwe-aerobic kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwamandla . Ukuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku nakho kuhle.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza utshwala nsuku zonke. Kunconywa ukuthi uphuze ngaphansi kwezimbili ngosuku kwabesilisa kanye nesiphuzo esingaphansi kwesisodwa ngosuku kwabesifazane .
• Ukugcina ukuxhumana okuqinile nabantu . Ukukhuluma nabangani nezihlobo kanye nokujabula nakho kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yobuchopho.
• Gcina amazinga akho omfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol esezingeni elifanele, futhi uphathe impilo yenhliziyo yakho kahle. Uma unezinkinga ezifana nesifo sikashukela, zigcine zilawulwa kahle.
• Ukuyeka ukubhema, uma ubhema, kuwusizo olukhulu ebuchosheni bakho nasemzimbeni wakho wonke.

Hlobo luni lwekusasa umuntu one-PPA angalulindela?

I-PPA yisimo esiba sibi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi . Abantu abaningi abane-PPA balahlekelwa amakhono abo olimi ngokuphelele eminyakeni edlule, okunciphisa ikhono labo lokuxhumana nabanye.

Amarekhodi ezokwelapha abonisa ukuthi iningi labantu abanalesi simo baphila iminyaka emi-3 kuya kweyi-12 ngemva kokuba lesi sifo sitholakale okokuqala. Lesi sikhathi singahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu abaningi bazodinga usizo lwabanye ukuze benze imisebenzi yansuku zonke, njengokugqoka, ukudla, nokugeza. Ngakho-ke, ukwesekwa nothando lwamalungu omndeni kubaluleke kakhulu kumuntu onjalo.

Imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Uma usola ukuthi wena noma othile oseduze nawe une-PPA, noma uma utholakale unesifo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala ze-PPA? Ingabe nginazo lezi zimpawu?
• Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuhlonza i-PPA? Ulindele ukutholani kulezo zivivinyo?
• Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokwelapha ezinciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-PPA? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezifanele mina?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngithuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yami ngenkathi ngine-PPA?
• Ingabe zikhona izindawo lapho mina nomndeni wami singathola khona usizo lokubhekana nalesi simo?

Nazi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-aphasia eqhubekayo eyinhloko (i-PPA) yisimo lapho amakhono olimi elahleka khona kancane kancane. Kuwuphawu lwesifo esingaphansi kwe -neurodegenerative , isifo esibhubhisa kancane kancane amangqamuzana obuchopho.

Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi i-PPA ifana nesifo i-Alzheimer's.Kungaba uphawu lokuqala. Kwabanye, luhlobene nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-frontotemporal dementia .

Nakuba imbangela eqondile ingaziwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ivame ukubangelwa yinhlanganisela yezici zemvelo kanye nezakhi zofuzo .

Nakuba kungekho ndlela yokuguqula i-PPA, ukwelashwa kungasiza ekulondolozeni amakhono okuxhumana isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo kungasiza ngalokhu.

Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi . Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu. Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kanye neseluleko kuwe. Ungakhathazeki ngalutho, ukuthola ulwazi olufanele kanye nokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha kuyinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza esimweni esinjengalesi.

I - aphasia eqhubekayo eyinhloko, i-PPA, ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo, ukuphazamiseka kolimi, izifo zobuchopho, izifo zezinzwa, i-Alzheimer's, i-dementia