Sonke siyazi ukuthi izinso zethu zihlanza igazi emzimbeni wethu futhi zisuse ubuthi obungafuneki ngomchamo. Lisebenza njengesihlungi samanzi endlini. Kodwa wake wazibuza ukuthi leli gazi elihlanzekile nelihlanzekile libuyela kanjani enhliziyweni yethu futhi lihamba emzimbeni wonke? Yilapho lo mthambo wegazi okhethekile esikhuluma ngawo namuhla, umthambo wezinso, usiza khona. Lona ngumuntu owenza inkonzo enkulu emzimbeni wethu buthule.
Kalula nje, uyini lo mthambo wezinso?
Kulula kakhulu. Umthambo wezinso umthambo wegazi othwala igazi elihlanziwe lisuka ezinso uliyise enhliziyweni . Kwezokwelapha, sibiza izinto ezihlobene nezinso ngokuthi “izinso.” Yingakho ubizwa ngokuthi “umthambo wezinso.”
Ngokuvamile, sonke sinezinso ezimbili. Ngakho-ke, kukhona umthambo wezinso ohambisana nezinso ngayinye. Lokho kusho ukuthi sinemithambo emibili yezinso.
Umthambo nomthambo - uyini umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-Renal Artery. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi lezi ezimbili ziyafana yini. Cha, zinemisebenzi emibili ehlukene. Uhlelo lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi lufana nenethiwekhi yemigwaqo edolobheni elikhulu. Eminye imigwaqo iletha izimoto edolobheni, kanti eminye iletha izimoto ngaphandle kwedolobha. Kunjalo-ke.
Cabanga nje, umoya-mpilo, izakhamzimba, nama-hormone imizimba yethu ewadingayo kuhamba yonke indawo ngegazi. Futhi umzimba uphinde ukhiphe imfucuza engafuneki, njenge-carbon dioxide, egazini.
Ukuze uqonde ngokucacile umsebenzi walo mthambo nomthambo oxhumene nezinso, bheka leli thebula .
| Isiteshi segazi | Umsebenzi owenziwayo | Uhlobo lwegazi oluthathwayo |
|---|---|---|
| Umthambo Wezinso | Iletha igazi elisuka enhliziyweni liye ezinso. | Igazi elingahlanjululiwe, eligcwele umoya-mpilo (uma lifika ezinso). |
| Umthambo Wezinso | Ithwala igazi lisuka ezinso liye enhliziyweni. | Igazi elinomoya-mpilo ophansi, kodwa elihlanzwe kahle yizinso. |
Kalula nje, igazi elivela emthanjeni lingena ezinso ukuze lihlanzwe. Igazi elihlanziwe libuyela emzimbeni lisuka emthanjeni.
Ikuphi le mithambo yezinso?
Izinso zethu zitholakala ngemuva kwesisu sethu, ngaphansi kwesikhala sezimbambo, futhi zingaphezu kancane kwesinqe. Imithambo emibili yezinso nayo itholakala lapho.
- Umthambo Wezinso Ongakwesobunxele: Lo mthambo utholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lomzimba, ngemuva kwezitho ezifana ne-pancreas. Lo mthambo uqhele kancane ku-vena cava engaphansi, umthambo oyinhloko oxhumanisa nenhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, umthambo wesobunxele mude kunowokudla. Ngokuvamile ungaba ngamasentimitha angu-6-10 (amasentimitha angu-2-4).
- Umthambo Wezinso Ongakwesokudla: Lona utholakala ngakwesokudla komzimba, ngemuva kwengxenye engenhla yamathumbu amancane. Umfushane ngoba useduze nomthambo oyinhloko. Ngokuvamile ungaba amasentimitha angu-2-4 (1-1.5 inches) ubude.
Umthambo wezinso uthola igazi kuphi?
Nalapha futhi, kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwemithambo yesobunxele nesokudla.
Umthambo wezinso ongakwesokudla uthola igazi elivela ezinso ezifanele kuphela. Kulula kakhulu.
Kodwa umthambo wezinso wesobunxele umatasa kancane. Ngenxa yokuthi mude, uqoqa igazi kwezinye izitho eziningana endleleni. Kufana nomgwaqo omkhulu onemigwaqo eminingana eseceleni.
- Umthambo wesobunxele we-ureteral: Igazi elivela ku-ureter elithwala umchamo liye esinyeni.
- Umthambo we-gonadal wesobunxele: Igazi elivela kuma-ovari kwabesifazane noma ama-testicles kwabesilisa.
- Umthambo we-adrenal wesobunxele: Igazi elivela endlaleni ye-adrenal ekhiqiza ama-hormone, etholakala ngaphezu kwezinso.
- Umthambo we-phrenic ophansi kwesobunxele: Igazi elivela ku-diaphragm, umsipha osisiza ukuphefumula.
Ngenxa yalokhu, umthambo wezinso wesobunxele usebenza njengendawo ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu.
Zikhona yini izimo zezokwelapha ezithinta imithambo yezinso?
Yebo, impela. Njengazo zonke izitho zomzimba, kunezimo eziningana zezokwelapha ezingathinta le mithambo yegazi. Lezi zimbili kweziyinhloko.
| Ukugula | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Nutcracker syndrome | Lokhu kuthinta umthambo wezinso wesobunxele. Lo mthambo ubhajwa phakathi kwemithambo emibili emikhulu esiswini sethu. Kufana ne-betel nut ebanjwa kumshini wokuchoboza i-betel nut. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi ngaphakathi komthambo ukhuphuke, okuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi ezinso. |
| I-thrombosis yemithambo yezinso | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi ngaphakathi komthambo wezinso. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezimo ezifana nezifo noma umdlavuza ezibangela ukuba igazi lijiye kalula. Leli hlule legazi lingavimba ngisho nomthambo ngokuphelele. |
Ziyini izimpawu zomthambo ovalekile?
Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yezinso kuyisimo esibi kakhulu. Uma kwenzeka, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu: Kungase kube nobuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ezinqeni nasesiswini.
- Igazi emchameni (i-Hematuria): Umchamo ungase ube bomvu noma ube nsundu.
- Ukuzungeza lapho umi: Ukwehla komfutho wegazi (i-orthostatic hypotension) uma umi ngokuzumayo kungabangela ukuthi uzizwe uzungeza.
- Ukungazali: Kungathinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane.
- Ukulimala kwezinso: Uma ukugeleza kwegazi kuyeka, ukusebenza kwezinso kungase kuphazamiseke.
- Ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo (i-Oliguria): Ungase ukhiphe umchamo omncane kunokuvamile.
- I-Pulmonary embolism: Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu . Ucezu lwegazi oluqhekekile oluye lwakheka emthanjeni wezinso lungaphuka ludlule egazini, luvimbe umthambo emaphashini. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila.
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha . Ungazinaki.
Uhlola kanjani impilo yale mithambo yegazi?
Uma udokotela wakho esola lokhu, angase acele ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuhlola isimo semithambo yakho.
- I-CT scan (CT - i-computed tomography scan)
- I-Doppler ultrasound (i-Duplex/Doppler ultrasound)
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI (Umfanekiso we-Magnetic resonance - i-MRI)
- I-Ultrasound Ejwayelekile
- I-Venogram - Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray okukhethekile kwemithambo yegazi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umchamo wakho ungase uhlolwe (urinalysis) ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini amazinga aphezulu ephrotheni (proteinuria) noma izinhlayiya zegazi kuwo. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi izinso zakho zonakele yini.
Singayigcina kanjani imithambo yethu yezinso iphilile?
Nakuba singenakukwazi ukuzivocavoca imithambo yezinso ngqo, singayigcina iphilile ngokugcina impilo yethu iyonke.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwaminyaka yonke: Bona udokotela okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuqhekeka kwegazi kusenesikhathi.
- Phuza imithi yakho oyinikezwe udokotela njengoba uyalelwe: Uma unikezwe imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu noma yokuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi (ama-anticoagulant/ama-blood thinners), yiphuze njengoba uyalelwe ngaphandle kokweqa noma yiziphi izinsuku.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukwenza ngisho nokuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba nsuku zonke kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuphuza inani elidingekayo lamanzi ngosuku kuhle kakhulu ezinso nasekujikelezeni kwegazi.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Yidla ukudla okucebile ngezithelo nemifino, okunamafutha amancane, usawoti kanye noshukela.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema kuyimbangela enkulu yokulimala kwemithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka.
Imithambo yezinso iyingxenye ebalulekile yomzimba wethu eyenza umsebenzi omuhle buthule. Nakuba singase singacabangi kakhulu ngayo, singayilondoloza impilo yayo ngokulondoloza indlela yokuphila enempilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umthambo wezinso umthambo wegazi othwala igazi elihlanziwe lisuka ezinso ulibuyisele enhliziyweni.
- Umthambo wesobunxele mude kunowokudla futhi uqoqa igazi kwezinye izitho eziningana ngaphezu kwezinso.
- Izimo ezinjengokuqhekeka kwegazi emthanjeni zingaba zimbi kakhulu, futhi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu embotsheni noma igazi emchameni, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ungavikela impilo yabo ngokulandela ukudla okuhle, ukuzivocavoca njalo , ukugwema ukubhema, kanye nokuthatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngqo.
- Uma unenkinga ngempilo yakho, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo.
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