Wake wazibuza ukuthi iyiphi indlela emangalisayo esebenza ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho ukugcina umfutho wegazi lakho, okungukuthi, umfutho wegazi, usezingeni elifanele? Kufana newashi elingabonakali elisebenza ngobuhlakani. Ngakho-ke, omunye wabalingiswa abaphambili kule nqubo ebalulekile 'uRenin'. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngaleli gama, kodwa insizakalo eliyinikezayo empilweni yakho inhle kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngale renin ngamazwi alula namuhla.
Kalula nje, uyini uRenin?
Kulungile, ake siqale ekuqaleni. I-Renin iyi-enzyme ekhiqizwa uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli ezinso zakho. I-enzyme iyiprotheni esheshisa izinqubo zamakhemikhali emizimbeni yethu.
Le renin akuyona into eyodwa. Iyingxenye yesistimu ebaluleke kakhulu. Siyibiza ngokuthi 'uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone'. Ungakhathazeki, igama lingase lizwakale lide kancane. Luwuchungechunge lwezinqubo ezixhumene. Inhloso eyinhloko yalolu hlelo lonke ukugcina umfutho wegazi wakho ulawulwa.
I-renin isebenza kanjani emzimbeni? Le nqubo yenzeka kanje!
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sithathe isibonelo esincane. Cabanga ukuthi umzimba wakho uwumuzi, imithambo yegazi iyimipayipi yamanzi kulowo muzi, kanti igazi ngamanzi ageleza kulawo mapayipi. Khona-ke umfutho wegazi uwumfutho ongaphakathi kwalawo mapayipi amanzi.
Manje ake ucabange ukuthi ngesizathu esithile lokhu kucindezela kwamanzi (umfutho wegazi) kuyehla. Kwenzekani-ke? Umnyango wamanzi wedolobha (okungukuthi, izinso zakho) uyakuzwa lokhu. Ngokushesha, izinso zikhulula isithunywa. Leso sithunywa singu-renin.
Uma i-renin isifakiwe egazini, nakhu okwenzekayo:
1. Isinyathelo sokuqala: URenin uqala ngokuthola iphrotheni engasebenzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-angiotensinogen, eyenziwa esibindini. URenin usebenzisa le phrotheni bese eyiguqula ibe yi-angiotensin I.
2. Isinyathelo 2: Le 'angiotensin I' ayikakabi namandla ngokugcwele. Uma ihamba ngegazi iye emaphashini, iguqulwa enye i-enzyme lapho ibe 'angiotensin II' enamandla kakhulu.
3. Isinyathelo Sesithathu: Manje umsebenzi wangempela uyenzeka. Le agent enamandla ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-angiotensin II' yenza izinto ezimbili.
- Esinye siwukuthi, iyahamba futhi inciphise imithambo yethu yegazi (lawo mapayipi amanzi). Kwenzekani-ke? Uma amapayipi encishisiwe, ingcindezi iyakhula, futhi ingcindezi yegazi iyakhuphuka.
- Okwesibili, itshela izindlala ze-adrenal (izindlala ezimbili ezincane ezitholakala ngaphezu kwezinso) ukuthi zikhiqize i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-aldosterone.
4. Isinyathelo sokugcina:Le hormone, i-aldosterone, itshela izinso ukuthi "ziyeke ukukhipha usawoti (i-sodium) namanzi emzimbeni isikhashana." Lokhu kwandisa inani loketshezi emzimbeni. Lokhu kwandisa nomfutho wegazi.
Kalula nje, lapho umfutho wegazi wehla, kufika isithunywa esibizwa ngokuthi i-renin bese siqala lo mjikelezo wonke wochungechunge ogcina ubuyisele umfutho wegazi esimweni esijwayelekile. Uyaqonda?
I-renin ikhishwa nini emzimbeni?
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani izinso zikhipha i-renin. Okusho ukuthi, umzimba wethu uqapha lezi zinto ngokuhlakanipha okukhulu.
- Umfutho wegazi ophansi: Uma izinzwa zomfutho wegazi (ama-baroreceptors) emithanjeni yegazi zizwa ukuthi umfutho wegazi wehlile, zithumela izimpawu ezinso.
- Amazinga aphansi kasawoti (i-sodium) emzimbeni: Izinso zingabona uma inani le-sodium egazini lehlile. Uma lehla, zikhipha i-renin.
- Umsebenzi wesimiso sezinzwa: Uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa luyashukunyiswa uma sesaba, sikhathele, noma sizivocavoca. Ukukhishwa kwe-renin nakho kungenzeka ngalezi zikhathi.
Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa kokuhlola amazinga e-renin?
Yebo, impela. Uma udokotela wakho efisa, angenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze alinganise amazinga akho e-renin. Lokhu kuvame ukulinganiswa ngokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Plasma Renin Activity' (PRA). Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame futhi ukulinganisa amazinga akho e-aldosterone.
Manje ungase uzibuze, "Kungani ngidinga lokhu kuhlolwa?" Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi udokotela angayala lokhu kuhlolwa ukuthi une-high blood pressure okunzima ukuyilawula ngemithi ejwayelekile.
Ngezinye izikhathi, umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungabangelwa yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-primary aldosteronism', esaziwa nangokuthi 'i-Conn's syndrome'. Kulesi simo, umzimba ukhiqiza i-hormone aldosterone eningi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola amazinga akho e-renin kanye ne-aldosterone kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthola imbangela eqondile yomfutho wegazi wakho ophezulu.
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi izinga le-renin liphakeme?
Uma umbiko wakho ukhombisa amazinga aphezulu e-renin, kungase kubonise ezinye izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo. Lokhu akusona isifo, kodwa kuwuphawu nje.
| Isimo Esingenzeka | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Isifo sika-Addison | Izindlala ze-adrenal azikhiqizi ama-hormone anele. |
| Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni | Ukuntuleka kwamanzi anele emzimbeni. |
| Ukopha kwegazi | Ukopha ngokweqile emzimbeni. |
| I-potassium ephansi egazini (i-Hypokalemia) | Amazinga e-potassium aphansi kakhulu egazini. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wezinso | Umfutho wegazi ophezulu obangelwa ukuncishiswa kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezinso. |
| I-cirrhosis yesibindi | Ukulimala kwesibindi kanye nokusebenza kabi. |
| Izimila ezikhiqiza i-renin | Ezinye izinhlobo zezimila zezinso zikhiqiza i-renin eningi kakhulu. |
Yiziphi izimbangela zamazinga aphansi e-renin?
Futhi, amazinga e-renin aphansi ngokungavamile angabangelwa yizimo ezithile.
| Isimo Esingenzeka | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| I-Aldosteronism Eyinhloko (PA) | Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-aldosterone yizindlala ze-adrenal, okubangela ukuthi umzimba uyeke ukukhiqiza i-renin. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-steroid | Amanye ama-steroid angabangela ukwanda kokugcinwa kosawoti namanzi emzimbeni. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ozwela usawoti | Isimo lapho umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka khona ngenxa yenani likasawoti odliwayo. |
Ungawagcina kanjani amazinga e-renin ephilile?
Lena into ebaluleke kakhulu. Awusoze "wazizwa" izinga lakho le-renin lodwa. Amazinga aphezulu noma aphansi e-renin akusona isifo, kodwa kunalokho awuphawu lwesinye isimo esiyisisekelo.
Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho nguyena okufanele anikeze ikhambi lalokhu. Uzobuyekeza umbiko wakho, enze ezinye izivivinyo uma kudingeka, futhi athole imbangela eqondile yezinga le-renin elingajwayelekile. Ukwelashwa kuzosekelwe kuleyo nkinga.
Isibonelo, uma unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi kanye namazinga aphezulu e-renin, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi, njenge-beta-blockers. Uma imbangela iwukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, angase akucebise ukuthi uphuze amanzi amaningi.
Khumbula, amazinga e-renin ayinkimbinkimbi. Ungakhathazeki ngalezi zinto wedwa. Uma unenkinga, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Uzokwazi ukukunikeza iseluleko nokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Renin iyi-enzyme ebaluleke kakhulu ekhiqizwa yizinso zakho elawula umfutho wegazi.
- Isebenza njengengxenye yesistimu ye-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone.
- Amazinga aphezulu noma aphansi e-renin akusona isifo, kodwa kunalokho kuwuphawu lwenye inkinga emzimbeni.
- Uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula ngemithi ejwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwezinga le-renin.
- Ungalokothi wenze izinqumo noma uzame ukuzelapha ngokusekelwe olwazini olufundayo ngamazinga e-renin ku-inthanethi. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko esifanele.
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