Ingabe unikezwe i-Ritonavir (Norvir)? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula.

Ingabe udokotela wakho uke wakubhalela i-Ritonavir noma othile omaziyo ukuze athole ukwelashwa nge-HIV? Kuvamile ukuzizwa unelukuluku, futhi mhlawumbe novalo, lapho uqala umuthi omusha. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe nge-Ritonavir, ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani, okufanele uyiqaphele, kanye nemiphumela yayo emibi ngendlela elula kakhulu nenobungane.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Ritonavir?

I-Ritonavir umuthi ongowesigaba sama-antiretroviral. Ngokuvamile unikezwa kanye neminye imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha igciwane lesandulela ngculaza. Iphinde ithengiswe ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Norvir .

Izinto okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala imithi

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuthatha i-Ritonavir, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani imithi ngendlela efanele?

Lo muthi uza ngesimo sempuphu, ngakho-ke kukhona indlela efanele yokuwusebenzisa.

• Hlanganisa kahle impuphu esephaketheni lemithi nokudla okuthambile okufana ne-applesauce noma i-pudding, noma cishe ngamamililitha angu-120 (ama-ounces angu-4) oketshezi olufana namanzi, ubisi lwe-chocolate, noma ubisi lwezingane olufakwe ubisi.
• Hlanganisa bese uphuza le ngxube zingakapheli amahora amabili .
• Uma kukhona umuthi osele phansi kwesitsha ngemva kokuwuthatha, hlanganisa nokudla okuncane noma uketshezi bese uphuza nawo. Ungachithi lutho.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umthamo ofanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi noma weqe imithamo, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Ukweqa imithamo kungabangela ukuthi igciwane le-HIV limelane nalo muthi neminye imithi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuthi ungase ungasebenzi kahle kamuva. Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
• Uma kunikezwa izingane: Lo muthi unikezwa ngisho nezingane ezincane ezinenyanga eyodwa kwezinye izimo. Kodwa-ke, uma uwunikeza ingane, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wezingane ngakho futhi ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.

Ungakanani umthamo we- kelin wela wadi unoth mokada karanne? (Umthamo oweqile)

Uma usola ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, iya esibhedlela esiseduze i-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngokushesha . Ngaphandle kwalokho, shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital .

Kuthiwani uma ngiphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?

Uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungathathi umthamo ophindwe kabili nganoma yisiphi isizathu.

Imithi okungafanele isetshenziswe ne-Ritonavir futhi engase ihlangane

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. I-Ritonavir iyisidakamizwa esingasebenzisana neminye imithi eminingi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.

Imithi okungafanele isetshenziswe ne-Ritonavir:

Uma uthatha noma yimuphi wemithi elandelayo, akukhuthazwa ukuthatha i-Ritonavir.

• `alfuzosin`
• `ipalutamide`
• Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile: `amiodarone`, `dronedarone`, `flecainide`, `propafenone`, `quinidine`
• `i-cobicist`
• `eplerenone`
• ``ergot alkaloids'' (isib. `dihydroergotamine', `ergotamine')
• `lurasidone`
• `pimozide`
• `i-ranolazine`
• `rifampin`
• `simvastatin`, `lovastatin` (ukwehlisa i-cholesterol)
• `I-St. John's wort` (isengezo semithi)
• `sildenafil` (ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo iRevatio® uma inikezwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu)
• `i-triazolam`
• `i-voriconazole`

Eminye imithi engasebenzisana ne-ritonavir ifaka:

Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho uthatha i-Ritonavir nanoma yimiphi imithi ekulolu hlu. Udokotela wakho kungadingeka alungise umthamo wakho.

• Amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo, ama-patches, kanye nemijovo
• Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi nesifo senhliziyo (`digoxin`, `metoprolol`)
• Eminye imithi yomdlavuza (i-dasatinib, i-vincristine)
• Eminye imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (i-atorvastatin, i-rosuvastatin)
• Imithi yokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka (i-fluoxetine, i-risperidone)
• Imithi yokwelapha ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile (i-sildenafil, i-tadalafil)
• Ama-antifungal (i-fluconazole, i-itraconazole)
• Imithi yokwelapha isithuthwane (i-carbamazepine, i-phenytoin)
• Amaphilisi okulala (i-diazepam, i-zolpidem)
• Imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi (i-warfarin, i-rivaroxaban)
• Ama-steroid (i-prednisolone, i-dexamethasone, ama-inhaler athile)
• Eminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane ye-HIV
• Ama-painkiller (i-methadone, i-fentanyl)
• `theophylline` (ye-asthma)

Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule lapho uthatha lo muthi

• Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha: Bona udokotela wakho ngezinsuku ezihleliwe. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi wenze umsebenzi wegazi odingekayo futhi uqaphe ukuthi umuthi uthinta kanjani umzimba wakho.
• Ukunaka okukhethekile ekuvimbeleni ukukhulelwa: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. I-Ritonavir ingenza amaphilisi akho okuvimbela ukukhulelwa angasebenzi kahle. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokusebenzisa olunye uhlobo lokuvimbela ukukhulelwa olufana namakhondomu, ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa.
• Amazinga kashukela egazini: Lo muthi ungabangela ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela egazini kwabanye abantu. Uma unesifo sikashukela, buza udokotela wakho uma udinga ukwenza izinguquko ekudleni kwakho noma emithini.
• Ukusabalala kwe-HIV: I-HIV isakazeka ngokuxhumana ngokocansi noma ngegazi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngezindlela eziphephile zokuvimbela ukusabalala kwe-HIV.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engingayithola?

Njengayo yonke imithi, i-Ritonavir ingabangela imiphumela emibi, nakuba kungebona bonke abantu abayitholayo. Ngezansi kuneminye yemiphumela emibi engaba khona nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ivela.

Ngingawugcina kanjani umuthi?

• Gcina kude nezingane.
• Gcina endaweni yokushisa yegumbi (phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-15-30).
• Lahla imithi ephelelwe yisikhathi.