Wake waphuma wayohamba ehlathini, noma wadlala nenja yakho noma ikati, wazizwa ugula ngokuzumayo futhi waba nomkhuhlane omkhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva? Kanye nalokho, ingabe unekhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba? Ngokuvamile, sicabanga ukuthi, 'Lokhu kungumkhuhlane obangelwa yigciwane.' Kodwa-ke, uma usola ukuthi ulunywe yisilwane esifana ne-tick, lokhu kungase kungabi yinto okufanele ithathwe kalula. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesifo esidluliselwa yi-tick enjalo, esingaba yingozi empilweni uma singelashwa ngokushesha nangendlela efanele. Leyo yi-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, noma i-RMSF ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini iRocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)?
I-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever iwukutheleleka okubangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi `(Rickettsia rickettsii)`. Njengoba nje igciwane le-dengue lingena emizimbeni yethu ngomiyane, leli gciwane le-`R. rickettsii` lingena emizimbeni yethu ngokulunywa yikhizane elithelelekile.
Inkinga enkulu ngalokhu ukuthi ezinsukwini zokuqala, izimpawu zifana kakhulu nezomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane obangelwa yigciwane. Abantu abaningi abacabangi ukuthi kuyingozi ngenxa yezinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. Kodwa uma ukwelashwa kwephuza, kungaba kubi kakhulu.
Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kufana nesinye isifo esithwalwa yizimpukane, njengesifo seLyme. Kodwa-ke, lezi zifo ezimbili zibangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zamagciwane. Izimpawu nazo zihlukile. Ngakho-ke, ungazididanisi lezi zifo ezimbili.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Eqinisweni, noma ubani ochayeke ezintwaneni angasithola lesi sifo. Izintwala zingaphila otshanini obude, ezindaweni ezinehlathi, nasezifuyweni zethu ezidlala ngaphandle. Lesi sifo sibikwe emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Kodwa-ke, uma abanye abantu bethola lesi sifo, basengozini enkulu yokuthola izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu. Ake sibone ukuthi bangobani.
| Isigaba sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10 kanye nakubantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70. |
| Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka | Abantu abanesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha (isib. umdlavuza) noma imithi basengozini enkulu. |
| Abantu abanesifo se-G6PD | Lesi yisimo sofuzo. Abantu abanesifo "sokuntuleka kwe-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)" nabo banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo. |
Kwenzekani ngempela uma lesi sifo singena emzimbeni?
Cabanga ukuthi i-flea ethelelekile ikulumile. Amathe e-flea athwala i-bacteria `R. rickettsii` ayiyise egazini lakho. Ukusuka lapho, isisulu esiyinhloko se-bacteria yimithambo yegazi yethu.
Kalula nje, leli gciwane lilimaza izindonga zemithambo yegazi yethu. Njengoba nje ipayipi lamanzi lithola imigodi emincane, lapho leli gciwane lilimaza imithambo yegazi yethu, liqala ukuvuza igazi noketshezi ezicutshini ezizungezile. Yilokhu okubangela izimpawu. Lokhu kuvuza kungalimaza imisipha yethu, imizwa, kanye nezitho ezibalulekile njengobuchopho nezinso.
Ziyini izimpawu? Sizibona kanjani?
Izimpawu zingavela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya emavikini amabili ngemva kokulunywa yizintwala. Lezi zingahlukaniswa ngezimpawu zokuqala kanye nezimpawu zakamuva ezikhula njengoba isifo siqhubeka.
| Isibonakaliso | Ulwazi olwengeziwe |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ezinsukwini zokuqala | |
| Umkhuhlane ophezulu | Umkhuhlane onzima ngokuzumayo. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu | Ikhanda elibuhlungu elizwakala sengathi lizoqhuma. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza | Ungase uzizwe ungathandi ukudla, futhi ungase uzwe ubuhlungu esiswini nokuhlanza. |
| Ubuhlungu bomzimba | Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obukhulu, ikakhulukazi emisipheni. |
| Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba | Cishe ezinsukwini ezintathu ngemva kokuqala kokugula, amabala amancane abomvu angavela esikhumbeni. Lawa avame ukuqala ezihlakaleni nasemaqakaleni ezandla nezinyawo. Angasakazeka emzimbeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu othola ukuqubuka. |
| Izimpawu ezinzima ezingase zenzeke ngesikhathi sokubhebhetheka kwesifo | |
| Ukudideka kwengqondo | Ukudideka, ukucasuka, inkulumo engacacile. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuphelelwa umoya (i-dyspnea). |
| Ukuba ndikindiki, ubuthakathaka emilenzeni | Ukuzizwa ungenampilo ezingxenyeni zomzimba. |
| Ukuquleka | Isimo esifana nokufaneleka. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungalindi ukuthi kuvele ukuqubuka. Abanye abantu abakutholi ukuqubuka, noma kungase kufike sekwephuzile. Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane nekhanda elibuhlungu, futhi usola ukuthi ulunywe yizimpukane, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma uya kudokotela, into yokuqala ayenzayo ukukubuza imibuzo.
- Ziyini izimpawu zakho futhi usunesikhathi esingakanani unazo?
- Uke wahamba ehlathini noma otshanini obude muva nje?
- Zikhona yini izilwane ezifuywayo ekhaya?
- Uke wayibona i-flea ilenga endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho?
Ngokusekelwe ezimpendulweni zakho zale mibuzo, udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga. Uma izimpawu zakho zibonisa ukuthi lokhu kungaba yi-RMSF, ukwelashwa kungaqalwa.
Kukhona ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye ngezinye izikhathi i-biopsy yesikhumba ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ingathatha izinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-10 ukuthi ibuye. Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo sibi kakhulu, udokotela wakho ngeke alinde imiphumela. Uma izimpawu zakho nolwazi olunikezayo lubonisa ukuthi une-RMSF, ukwelashwa kuzoqala ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha? Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokunconywayo kuphela kwe-RMSF ngama -antibiotic . I-antibiotic esetshenziswa ngqo kulokhu yi-`( Doxycycline (
- Kubalulekile ukuqala kusenesikhathi: Ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kakhulu uma kuqalwa ezinsukwini zokuqala ezi-5 zezimpawu.
- Kuqediwe: Ngokuvamile kufanele uthathe lo muthi izinsuku ezingu-7-10. Ngisho noma uzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu, kufanele uthathe umuthi izinsuku eziphelele ezinqunywe udokotela wakho. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukugula kungase kubuye.
- Amacala abucayi: Uma isifo sibi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela futhi welashwe. Kungadingeka futhi ukuthi uthole ama-antibiotic emithanjeni kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha (njengokufaka umoya omncane ngomshini).
Uma uqala ukwelashwa kahle , uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono zingakapheli amahora angu-48.
Ungazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo?
Akukho muthi wokugomela lesi sifo, ngakho-ke into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema ukulunywa yizimpukane. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuvimbela lokhu.
- Gcina ingadi yakho negceke lakho kuhlanzekile: Utshani obude nezihlahla kuyizindawo ezinhle zokuhlala kwezimpukane. Ngakho-ke gcina utshani begceke lakho bunqunyiwe futhi buhlelekile.
- Hlala uphephile uma uya ehlathini: Uma uzohamba ehlathini noma ehlathini, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho ngangokunokwenzeka. Gqoka amabhulukwe amade, amahembe anemikhono emide, izicathulo, kanye namasokisi. Kungcono nakakhulu uma ungawafaka emasokisini akho.
- Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane: Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane ezixosha izinambuzane ezifana nezimpukane. Lezo eziqukethe i-DEET zingcono kakhulu. Kukhona nezifutho ezikhethekile ongazisebenzisa ezingutsheni.
- Hlola umzimba wakho ngemva kokuphuma ngaphandle: Ngemva kokubuya ekhaya uvela ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinotshani, hlola umzimba wakho wonke ukuthi awunazo yini izimpukane. Naka ngokukhethekile izindawo ezifana namakhwapha akho, imbobo, ikhanda, ngemuva kwezindlebe zakho, kanye nesisu.
- Vikela izilwane zakho ezifuywayo: Vikela izilwane zakho ezifuywayo, njengezinja namakati, ezintwaneni. Xhumana nodokotela wezilwane bese usebenzisa imithi edingekayo namabhande kahle. Hlola imizimba yazo ngemva kokuzikhipha.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela? Kufanele ngiye e-ETU?
Lena indaba ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba isinyathelo esifike ngesikhathi singasindisa impilo.
| Isimo | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Ngisola ukuthi ngilunywe yi-flea, futhi phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngibe nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. | Bona udokotela womndeni wakho ngokushesha. Ungalibali. |
| Ngilunywe yi-flea, kodwa azikho izimpawu. | Asikho isidingo sokubona udokotela ngalesi sikhathi. Ukuthatha ama-antibiotic ngaphandle kwezimpawu ngeke kusize. Kodwa-ke, qaphela ukuthi izimpawu ziyavela yini emasontweni amabili azayo. |
| Uma unalezi zimpawu ezinzima, hamba uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha. | |
| |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) igciwane elidluliselwa ngama-fleas elingaba yingozi empilweni uma lingelashwa ngokushesha.
- Ungakhohliswa iqiniso lokuthi izimpawu zokuqala (umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba) zifana nomkhuhlane ovamile wegciwane.
- Ungalindi ukuthi kuvele ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. Abanye abantu bangase bangaqubuki.
- Uma izimpawu ezingenhla zivela ngemva kokuchayeka endaweni egcwele izimpukane, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Lesi sifo singalapheka ngokuphelele uma ukwelashwa kuqalwa kusenesikhathi.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema lesi sifo ukuzivikela ezimpukaneni.
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