Wake wazibuka esibukweni wabona into efana nesilonda esincane ezindebeni zakho? Cishe ubucabanga ukuthi isilonda esibandayo. Kodwa uma leso silonda singapholi emavikini amabili noma amathathu, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane. Esikhathini esiningi, asizinaki kakhulu lezi zinto, ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi, "Mhlawumbe siswele i-vitamin C." Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi isilonda esincane esingapholi singaba ukuqala kwento okudingeka siyinake kakhulu. Yingakho sicabange ukuthi sizokhuluma ngalesi sihloko namuhla, umdlavuza wezindebe. Ungesabi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela.
Kalula nje, uyini umdlavuza wezindebe?
Kulungile, ake sikubeke kalula. Imizimba yethu yakhiwe yizigidigidi zamaseli amancane. Lawa maseli ayahlukana, akhule, futhi ekugcineni afe. Lena inqubo evamile. Kodwa kumdlavuza, ngesizathu esithile, i-DNA yala maseli iyashintsha, futhi aqala ukuhlukana ngokungalawuleki, njengokuhlanya.
Kumdlavuza wezindebe, yilokhu okwenzeka kumaseli asezindebeni zethu. Yile ndlela amaseli angajwayelekile ahlukana ngayo ngokungalawuleki, akha amathumba noma izilonda ezingaphili .
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wezindebe (cishe u-90%) yi -squamous cell carcinoma . Lokhu kwenzeka engxenyeni engaphandle yamangqamuzana esikhumbeni sethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho , i-basal cell carcinoma kanye ne-melanoma nakho akuvamile. Nakuba lo mdlavuza ungenzeka endebeni engenhla noma engezansi, uvame kakhulu endebeni engezansi .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi njengoba izindebe ziyingxenye ebonakalayo ebusweni bethu, noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinjengalezi zingabonakala ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, kulula kakhulu ukuzibona kusenesikhathi.
Zingaba yini izimpawu zalokhu?
Ekuqaleni, umdlavuza wezindebe ubukeka njengesilonda emlonyeni esingeke siphole. Abantu abaningi bawudidanisa nesilonda esibandayo. Kodwa khumbula, isilonda esibandayo sivame ukuphola sodwa ezinsukwini ezingaba yi-10. Kodwa isilonda esinomdlavuza asipholi ngaleyo ndlela futhi sihlala lapho.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izici ezinazo. Ungathola umbono ocacile ngalokhu kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Inxeba elingapholi | I-blister, isilonda, noma isilonda emlonyeni esingapholi. Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu. |
| Indawo eshintshile umbala | Ibala eliyisicaba noma eliphakanyisiwe kancane ezindebeni elimhlophe, elibomvu (kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo), noma elinsundu/elimpunga (kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama). |
| Ubuhlungu noma ukungazweli | Ubuhlungu, ukungazweli, noma ukuzwa ukuqaqamba ezindebeni noma ngaphakathi emlonyeni. |
| Ukopha | Ukopha okuvela enxebeni noma eqhubu endebeni. |
| Ukuqina kwezindebe noma iqhubu | Umuzwa wokuqina engxenyeni yodebe noma iqhubu elincane elingazwakala esandleni. |
| Ukugaya amazinyo | Ukukhululeka ngokuzumayo kwamazinyo. Uma ugqoka amazinyo okufakelwa, angase azwakale sengathi awangeni kahle emlonyeni wakho. |
| Ukuvuvukala komhlathi | Ukuvuvukala endaweni yeqakala. |
Kungani umdlavuza wezindebe uvela? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Eqinisweni, odokotela abakakwazi ukukhomba imbangela eyodwa yomdlavuza wezindebe. Kodwa-ke, bafunde indlela yokuphila kanye nendawo abantu abaningi abaye bahlakulela lesi sifo futhi bathola izici eziningana eziyingozi ezingaba nomthelela kulesi sifo.
Cabanga ngalokhu. Sinomnyango endlini yethu. Uma sisebenzisa ukhiye owodwa kuphela ukukhiya lowo mnyango, kuphephile. Kodwa uma sibeka inqwaba yezihluthulelo ezingangeni kahle kulowo khiye bese sizama ukuwuphendula ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngemva kwesikhashana ukhiye ungase uphuke. Ngendlela efanayo, lezi zinto eziyingozi ziyizinto ezilimaza amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu futhi zandise amathuba okuba nomdlavuza.
Ake sibheke lezo zinto eziyingozi kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isici sengozi | Lokhu kuthinta kanjani? |
|---|---|
| Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi | Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko . Lokhu kuhlanganisa konke kusukela kusikilidi, ugwayi, ukubhema i-beedi, ukuhlafuna ugwayi, nokudla ama-betel nut. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile | Umuntu ophuza utshwala ngokweqile kanye nokusebenzisa ugwayi angase abe sengozini yokwanda ngokuphindwe ka-30 yokuba nomdlavuza wezindebe. |
| Ukuchayeka elangeni ngokweqile | Abantu abachitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni elinamandla, njengasezweni lakithi, basengozini enkulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuchayeka elangeni endebeni engezansi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwelanga lokwenziwa (imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba). |
| Umbala wesikhumba | Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo basengozini enkulu ngoba basengozini enkulu yokulimala elangeni. |
| Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala | Lesi sifo sivame ukutholakala kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50-60. |
| Ubulili | Amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuthola umdlavuza wezindebe kunabesifazane (mhlawumbe ngoba amadoda anamathuba amaningi okubhema nokuphuza utshwala). |
| Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka | Uma uhlelo lomzimba lokulwa nezifo lubuthakathaka, ingozi yokukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza iphakeme. |
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Ngokuvamile, ungase uqale uqaphele lolu hlobo loshintsho uma uya kudokotela wamazinyo wakho ukuze uyohlolwa amazinyo noma ubona udokotela wesikhumba ngesimo sesikhumba. Uma ubona udokotela obona ushintsho ezindebeni zakho, angase athathe lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Udokotela uzoqala ahlole izindebe zakho, umlomo, ubuso kanye nentamo ngokucophelela. Uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nemikhuba yakho, njengokuthi uyabhema yini.
2. I-Biopsy Yezicubu Ezithambile: Lena yindlela ecacile kakhulu yokuqinisekisa lesi sifo . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu esilondeni noma eqhubu bese uyithumela elabhorethri yezifo ukuze ihlolwe. Izicubu zihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kutholakale ukuthi zinamaseli omdlavuza yini.
Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuqinisekisa ukuthi umdlavuza, udokotela uzohlola ukuze abone ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini (ususakazeke) kwezinye izindawo ezingaphandle kwezindebe. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi umdlavuza wezindebe ungatholakala ngaphambi kokuba usakazeke.
Ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu kungenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini:
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuthwebula Izithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan), i-PET scan, noma i-MRI (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging) kusetshenziselwa ukubheka amaqhubu ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
- I-Endoscopy: Lapha, unikezwa i-anesthesia bese kuthi ipayipi elincane eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera lidluliselwe emphinjeni wakho ukuze kuhlolwe izimpawu zomdlavuza.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe kuzoncika ngobukhulu beqhubu noma isilonda kanye nesigaba somdlavuza. Uma kutholakale kusenesikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kuphela kungakuqeda ngokuphelele. Uma lesi sifo sesisabalele, kungadingeka inhlanganisela yezindlela zokwelapha.
Ukuhlinzwa
Lena yindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko. Lapha, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa iqhubu noma isilonda esinomdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Bese kuba khona ukuthungwa ukuze kubuyiselwe ukubukeka komlomo. Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kuma-lymph node entanyeni, nawo angasuswa.
Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe
Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu (imisebe) ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi kunikezwa njengendlela ehlukile yokuhlinzwa, kanti ngezinye izikhathi kunikezwa ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase asale ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza umzimba imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukunikezwa kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe. Uma umdlavuza ususakazekele ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba, lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa nokulawula izimpawu (ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative).
Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe
Lena indlela entsha yokwelapha. Lapha, izidakamizwa zihlasela futhi zibhubhise izakhi zofuzo namaprotheni athile asiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukukhula.
Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy
Lokhu kwelashwa kuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu, ngaleyo ndlela kusiza umzimba ukulwa namaseli omdlavuza.
Uma ukhathazekile ngokubonakala kwezindebe zakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungakhathazeki. Ngobuchwepheshe bamanje, ukuhlinzwa okwakha kabusha kungabuyisela ukubukeka kwezindebe zakho ngezinga elikhulu. Futhi, uma unenkinga yokukhuluma noma yokugwinya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungacela usizo kudokotela wezifo zolimi lokukhuluma.
Ingabe lo mdlavuza usakazeka ngokushesha? Ingabe usongela ukuphila?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo ngokuyinhloko ithi "cha." I-Squamous cell carcinoma, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wezindebe, isakazeka kancane kakhulu . Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi izindebe ziyindawo ebonakala kakhulu, abantu abaningi bangalubona lolu shintsho kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kungaqala ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza usakazeke.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umdlavuza wezindebe uhlobo lomdlavuza onesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu sokwelashwa . Ngokwezibalo, ama-91% alabo abatholakale benalesi sifo basaphila ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amathuba okululama aphezulu kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, konke lokhu kuncike ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele . Ngakho-ke, uma unesilonda emlonyeni wakho esingeke siphole, ungasinaki.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sinciphise le ngozi?
"Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha." Lokho kusho ukuthi kungcono ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi khona kunokuselapha ngemva kokuba sesiqalile. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho yomdlavuza wezindebe.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa ugwayi ngokuphelele: Lesi yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ongasithatha. Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka.
- Yeka ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile: Uma uphuza utshwala, bunciphise.
- Vikela izindebe zakho elangeni: Noma nini lapho uphumile elangeni, sebenzisa i-lip balm okungenani ene-SPF 30. Lokhu kusebenza ngisho nasezinsukwini ezinamafu. Gwema imisebe yelanga phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Gwema ukukhanya kwelanga okwenziwe ngokwenziwa: Izinto ezifana nemibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba zandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba nezindebe.
- Hlola umdlavuza womlomo: Njalo uma uvakashela udokotela wakho noma udokotela wamazinyo, hlola umlomo wakho ukuze ubone noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma unenxeba, ibala, i-blister, noma iqhubu ezindebeni zakho elingapholi isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili , ungalishayi indiva. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Izinto eziyinhloko ezibangela umdlavuza wezindebe ugwayi kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala.
- Ukuvikela izindebe zakho elangeni elibi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa i- lip balm ene-SPF nsuku zonke kuwumkhuba omuhle.
- Umdlavuza wezindebe akufanele wesatshwe. Uma utholakala kusenesikhathi, uyisifo esingelapheka cishe ngokuphelele .
- Ukuqabula noma ukugona umuntu onomdlavuza wezindebe akusabalalisi lesi sifo. Umdlavuza awusona isifo esithathelwanayo.
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