Ingabe unamabala amancane ansundu emzimbeni wakho, mhlawumbe entanyeni yakho, emhlane, noma ebusweni? Aphakeme kancane, abukeka njenge-wax, futhi abukeka sengathi kukhona okunamathele esikhumbeni... Abantu abaningi bayesaba uma bebona lokhu, bazibuza ukuthi ngabe kungumdlavuza wesikhumba. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lezi yizimo ezivame kakhulu futhi ezingenabungozi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngale 'Seborrheic Keratosis' abantu abaningi abayihlakulelayo.
Kuyini i-Seborrheic Keratosis?
Kalula nje, yisifo esingenabungozi esikhumbeni esibukeka njengophawu lokuzalwa. Iningi labantu liba naso ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo. Sivame kakhulu kubantu abaseminyakeni ephakathi. Singanda ngenani njengoba ukhula. Asinangozi futhi asidingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma sikukhathaza noma sikwenza uzizwe ungakhangi, ungasisusa.
Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela babiza lezi 'zimila ze-epidermal'. Ungakhathazeki ngalelo gama. Akusho ukuthi umdlavuza. Izinto ezifana nama-moles nama-warts esizaziyo nazo zingaphansi kwalesi sigaba. Kusho ukuthi amanye amangqamuzana asengqimbeni ephezulu yesikhumba sethu (i-epidermis) aqoqene ndawonye futhi akha ukukhula okuncane. Lokhu akubhekwa njengesici esiyingozi somdlavuza wesikhumba.
Zibukeka kanjani lezi zindawo?
Lezi zivame ukuba yindilinga noma zibe nesimo seqanda, futhi zibukeka sengathi zinamathele esikhumbeni. Abanye abantu bazichaza njengezifana ne-wax noma njenge-coral. Ziphakanyiswe ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Ngezinye izikhathi ziyisicaba, kodwa ungazizwa umehluko uma uzithinta ngomunwe wakho.
Ngokuvamile, lezi ziba nsundu ngombala. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingaba mnyama, zibe nsundu ngokukhanyayo, zibe pinki, zibe phuzi, noma zibe mhlophe. Ngokuvamile, zingabonakala ezingaphezu kweyodwa ngesikhathi.
Ubuso balezi zindawo buyiprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-keratin. Lena yinto efanayo eyakha izinzipho zethu nezimpondo zezilwane. Yingakho zinokwakheka okuqinile. Amanye amabala abukeka njengamabhamuza amancane noma ama-cyst ngaphakathi. Amanye abukeka njengoqweqwe noma i-wart. Amanye abukeka njengemibimbi ebuchosheni.
| Isici | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isimo | Isiyingi noma i-oval |
| Ukubukeka | Ukubukeka okubambekile, okune-wax, okunezikhwebu |
| Umbala | Ngokuvamile onsundu, kodwa kungaba mnyama, onsundu okhanyayo, ophuzi, opinki, noma omhlophe |
| Imvelo | Iphuma esikhumbeni, ungayizwa ngomunwe wakho. |
Ubani owenza lezi zinto?
Lokhu kungenzeka kunoma ubani, kodwa kuvame kakhulu kubantu abalandelayo:
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50: Lokhu kuvame ukuqala ukubonakala eminyakeni ephakathi. Abantu abasebasha banamathuba amancane okuba nakho. Cishe abantu abangu-30% banayo uma beneminyaka engu-40, kanti cishe abangu-75% uma beneminyaka engu-70.
- Abantu abanomlando womndeni: Uma umama wakho, ubaba, noma abafowenu noma izingane zakini benalezi zimo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi nawe ube nazo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungase kube nethonya lofuzo.
- Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo: Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo olufanayo kodwa oluhlukile kancane lwesimo sesikhumba olubizwa ngokuthi "i-Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra" luvame kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama, njengalabo abadabuka e-Afrika noma e-Asia.
Yini ebangela lokhu ukuthi kwenzeke?
Imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayaziwa. Kodwa siyazi ukuthi kuhlotshaniswa nokuguga. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ukuchayeka elangeni kungaba yimbangela yokuthuthuka kwabo. Kukhona futhi nengxenye yezakhi zofuzo, njengoba zivame ukwenzeka emindenini.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu akubangelwa yigciwane noma amagciwane. Ngakho-ke, akuthelelani futhi akusabalali kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye.
Lezi zindawo zivame ukukhula kancane kakhulu. Kodwa uma ngokuzumayo ubona eziningi zalezi zindawo emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi esifushane, kuyinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo. Akuvamile kakhulu, lokhu kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza emzimbeni. Odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi 'Isibonakaliso sikaLeser-Trélat'. Kodwa lokhu kuxhumana akukafakazelwa. Kodwa uma ubona into efana nale, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ezinye izivivinyo.
Ingabe la mabala abangela ezinye izimpawu?
Esikhathini esiningi, azikho izimpawu, kodwa abanye abantu babika izinto ezifana nalezi:
- Ukuluma
- Ukubomvu nokucasuka kwesikhumba okubangelwa yizingubo
- Ngezinye izikhathi ukulimala okuncane kubangela ukopha.
Uma lezi zimpawu zikukhathaza, ungase uthande ukucabanga ukususa leli phuzu.
Lokhu kungahlukaniswa kanjani ezimweni zomdlavuza?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngoba ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba zingafana ne-'Seborrheic Keratosis'. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi umehluko ngqo.
Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Seborrheic Keratosis Ne-Actinic Keratosis
I-'Actinic Keratosis' nayo uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluvela njengoba ukhula, futhi lubukeka njenge-coral. Kodwa-ke, aluyona ingozi njenge-'Seborrheic Keratosis'. I-'Actinic Keratosis' ibangelwa ukuchayeka kwesikhumba elangeni. Iphinde ibe nengozi encane (5%-10%) yokuthuthuka ibe umdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili. I-'Actinic Keratosis' ivame ukuba yisicaba, ilukhuni, futhi ivame ukwenzeka ezindaweni ezivezwe yilanga.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Seborrheic Keratosis ne-Melanoma (umdlavuza wesikhumba)
I-Seborrheic Keratosis ayisoze yakhula ibe umdlavuza wesikhumba oyingozi obizwa ngokuthi i-Melanoma. Kodwa-ke, eminye imidlavuza ye-Melanoma ingabukeka njenge-Seborrheic Keratosis. Ngakho-ke qaphela lezi zinguquko.
| Isici | I-Seborrheic Keratosis (engenabungozi) | I-Melanoma (umdlavuza) |
|---|---|---|
| Inombolo | Ngokuvamile kwenzeka okungaphezu kokukodwa. | Ngokuvamile umuntu uzithuthukisa ngokwakhe. |
| Ukuthungwa komphezulu | Okunezikhwebu, okunezikhwebu, okunolaka | Ngokuvamile kubushelelezi |
| Umphetho | Kukhona umkhawulo ocacile, ochazwe kahle | Kungaba nomphetho ogobile, odonswe, nongajwayelekile |
| Umbala nesimo | Inesimo esifanayo, umbala ofanayo. | Isimo asilingani, kungaba nemibala eminingana. |
| Ukukhula | Kushintsha kakhulu. | Ingakhula ngokushesha, ishintshe isimo/umbala |
Uma unokungabaza ngemvukuzane emzimbeni wakho, sicela uyibonise udokotela ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi udokotela wesikhumba. Ungazihloli.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
- Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Udokotela wesikhumba ngokuvamile angabona ukuthi lokhu kuyi-Seborrheic Keratosis ngokubuka nje.
- I-dermoscopy: Uma kukhona ukungabaza, udokotela uzosebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile (i-`dermascope`) elifana nelensi encane yesandla ukukhulisa indawo.
- I-Biopsy: Uma kusolwa ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona, udokotela uzothatha ingxenye encane yesilonda (noma ayisuse ngokuphelele) ayithumele elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-biopsy.
Izindlela zokwelapha nokususa
Okokuqala, khumbula ukuthi lokhu akunangozi futhi akudingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhathazwa ukulunywa, ukuhlikihla izingubo, noma ungakhululekile ngendlela okubukeka ngayo, ungakususa. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezilula ezingenziwa khona kanye ehhovisi likadokotela wakho.
- Ukwelashwa nge-cryotherapy: Into ebandayo kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-liquid nitrogen isetshenziselwa ukuqandisa i-mole. Izozilahla yodwa emavikini ambalwa.
- Ukususwa kwe-Electro/Curettage: I-mole ishiswa kusetshenziswa ugesi bese ikhuhlwa ngedivayisi ekhethekile.
- Ukususwa Kokushefa: Le ndlela isetshenziswa uma ufuna ukuthumela i-biopsy. Kujovwa umuthi oqeda izinhlungu bese i-mole ikhuhlwa ngokucophelela.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Laser:Umsebe we-laser uyashisa futhi ususa i-mole.
- I-Hydrogen Peroxide kadokotela: Lokhu kuyindlela entsha yokwelapha. Udokotela ufaka isisombululo se-hydrogen peroxide esiqinile endaweni.
Okubalulekile: Ungalokothi uzame ukuzisika, ukuziklwebha, noma ukuzisusa wena ekhaya. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthelelekeni nasekuqhekekeni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Seborrheic Keratosis ukukhula kwesikhumba okungenangozi okwenzeka njalo njengoba sikhula.
- Lezi azinawo umdlavuza, futhi ngeke zibe umdlavuza.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba eziyingozi zingafana nalezi, ngakho-ke uma usola noma yiziphi izindawo ezintsha noma ezishintshayo esikhumbeni sakho, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Lokhu akudingeki ukuthi kuphathwe. Uma kususwa, kungenxa yezizathu zobuhle noma ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana nokulunywa.
- Ungazami ukuzelapha noma ukuzisusa ngokwakho ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela.
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