Ingabe ithambo lakho liphukile ezindaweni ezimbili, kanti ingxenye ihlukene phakathi? Ingabe lokho kuwukuphuka kwengxenye? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Sonke sike sabhekana nokuwa okuncane kanye nokulimala. Ngezinye izikhathi uyakhubeka ingalo noma umlenze, ngezinye izikhathi uyavuvukala kancane. Kodwa cabanga, ngemva kwengozi enkulu, ithambo lakho aliphuki endaweni eyodwa, kodwa okungenani ezindaweni ezimbili , futhi phakathi kwalawo maphuzu amabili aphuke, ingxenye yethambo ihlukaniswe ngokuphelele nezinye izingxenye. Yilolo hlobo lokuphuka kwethambo okukhulu esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuphuka kwengxenye . Igama lizwakala liyesabeka kancane, akunjalo? Kodwa ungakhathazeki, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngokucacile, nangendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini ngempela ukuqhekeka kwengxenye?

Kalula nje, ukuphuka kwengxenye kuwukuphuka okungenani ezindaweni ezimbili ethanjeni elide emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kuphuka okubili kubangela ukuthi ingxenye encane yethambo ihlukaniswe ngokuphelele nezinye izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko. Cabanga ngakho njengokuphula ingxenye yokhuni ezindaweni ezimbili bese ingxenye encane yokhuni izophuma phakathi.

Lezi zinhlobo zokuphuka kwethambo zingavela kunoma yiliphi ithambo elide emzimbeni. Izindawo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Femur (ithambo elisuka esinqeni sakho liye edolweni lakho)
• I-Tibia (ithambo elijiyile ngaphakathi komlenze, kusukela edolweni kuya eqakaleni)
• I-Fibula (ithambo elincane ngemuva komlenze, elihambisana nethambo lomlenze)
• Ithambo lengalo engenhla (`I-Humerus` - ithambo elisuka ehlombe kuya endololwaneni)
• Amathambo amabili kusukela endololwaneni kuya esihlakaleni (`Irediyasi` kanye ne-`Ulna` - amathambo engalo)
• Ithambo lekhola (i-Clavicle)

Lawa amathambo ayinhloko okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi aphuke kakhulu kangaka.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi "Ukuphuka Kwengxenye" ​​asiveli nje ngokuwa. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yezingozi ezinkulu kakhulu ("ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu" . Cabanga ngalokhu:

• Ingozi yemoto embi kakhulu: ingozi yemoto, ingozi yebhayisikili.
• Ukuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu: Uma uwa usuka endaweni ephakeme, njengasesihlahleni, ophahleni, noma esikafuleni.

Kuphela uma ithambo lihlaselwa kakhulu kangangokuba lingaphuka ezindaweni ezimbili, ingxenye ihlukana phakathi. Ngokuvamile, ukuphuka okwenzeka lapho sishelela futhi siwa, noma lapho senza imisebenzi yasekhaya, akuvamile ukuba kube kubi kangaka. Lezi yizimo ezibucayi ngempela , futhi zivame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ithambo .

Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze kuphole sincike ekutheni yiliphi ithambo eliphukile nokuthi ukulimala bekukubi kangakanani. Ngokuvamile kungathatha cishe unyaka ukuphola ngokuphelele .

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuqhekeka kwe-'Segmental' kanye ne-'Comminuted'?

Womabili la magama asetshenziswa odokotela ukuchaza uhlobo lokuphuka kwethambo. Womabili ayizinhlobo ezinkulu zokuphuka kwethambo.

• Ukuphuka kwengxenye, njengoba sisanda kuxoxa, kwenzeka lapho ithambo liphuka ezindaweni ezimbili, ingxenye ihlukana phakathi.
• Ukuphuka okuhlanganisiwe kuwukuphuka lapho ithambo liphuka khona ezindaweni ezintathu noma ngaphezulu, okungukuthi, libe yizicucu .

Manje usuyaqonda, akunjalo? Amanye ama-fracture angase aqhekeke (okusho ukuthi ingxenye ephukile phakathi ingase iqhekeke ibe yizicucu ezincane), kanti eminye ingase ingabi njalo.

Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubizwa kanjani, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu ngemva kwengozi .

Ubani ongathola ukuphuka okunje? Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?

Njengamanye ama-fracture ethambo, ukuphuka kwe-segmental kungenzeka kunoma ubani . Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kulimala kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezingalindelekile, asikwazi ukubikezela ukuthi kuzokwenzeka nini noma kanjani.

Kodwa-ke, lezi azivamile . Isizathu salokhu ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu obhekana nezingozi ezinkulu ezibangelwa yilezi empilweni yakhe yansuku zonke. Lokho futhi kuyinhlanhla ngandlela thile.

Ziyini izimpawu? Uzibona kanjani?

Uma uphukile ingxenye, ungase ube nezinye izimpawu ezinkulu ezihlobene nengozi ebangele lokho. Lezi zimpawu zizohluka kuye ngokuthi yiziphi ezinye izinkinga onazo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, izimpawu zokuphuka ingxenye zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu : Ubuhlungu bungaba nzima ukububekezelela.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba evame ukushukunyiswa : Ungase ungakwazi ngisho nokuhambisa ingalo noma umlenze.
• Ushintsho ekubukekeni kwesitho somzimba noma ukunyakaza kwaso : Ingalo noma umlenze kungabonakala kweluliwe noma kubekwe ngendlela engavamile.
• Ithambo libonakala esikhumbeni : Ngezinye izikhathi izingcezu zamathambo eziphukile zingabonakala esikhumbeni. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukuvuvukala : Indawo yokulimala ingavuvukala kakhulu.
• Ukuphuka : Isikhumba kuleyo ndawo singase sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/bubende.

Amakhefu Avulekile Navaliwe

Udokotela uzohlukanisa ukwaphuka kwakho ngokuthi "Ukuqhekeka Okuvulekile" noma "Ukuqhekeka Okuvaliwe" .

• Ukuphuka okuvulekile yileyo lapho ithambo eliphukile liphuma khona esikhumbeni. Lokhu kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kubangele izifo nezinye izinkinga .
• Ukuphuka okuvalekile nakho kuyisimo esibi kakhulu, kodwa ithambo alikaphumi esikhumbeni.

Udokotela ukuqinisekisa kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela uzoqinisekisa ukuthi une-segmental fracture ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe . Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa khona lapho uma ungeniswa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER) ngemuva kwengozi.

Uma ulethwa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo, ithimba lezokwelapha lizosebenzisana ukuze liqinise isimo sakho futhi likwelaphe ngokulandelana kobunzima baso, ikakhulukazi uma ukulimala kwakho kusongela ukuphila. Uma usuzinzile, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo zezithombe ukuqinisekisa ukuphuka.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga lesi sifo?

Ukuze uthole isithombe esicacile sokuphuka kwakho, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu:

• I-X-ray: I-X-ray ingaqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona yini ukwaphuka kwezingxenye noma okunye nokuthi kungakanani umonakalo owenziwe emathanjeni.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa i-MRI ukuthola isithombe esiphelele somonakalo emathanjeni akho nasezicutshini ezizungezile. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi ukulimala kuthinte kanjani imisipha, izicubu ezixhumeneyo, kanye nezitho ezizungeze amathambo akho.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): I-CT scan ivumela udokotela noma udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthola isithombe esinemininingwane necacile samathambo nezicubu ezizungezile kune-X-ray.

Kuphathwa kanjani? Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?

Cishe zonke iziphazamiso zezingxenye zethambo ziyaphathwa ngokuhlinzwa. Kunezindlela eziningana ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe la mathambo aphukile. Indlela udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ayisebenzisayo izoncika ekulimaleni kwakho, ukuthi yimaphi amathambo aphukile, nokuthi ngabe unezinye izinkinga ngemva kwengozi.

Udokotela ohlinzayo uzohlanganisa amathambo akho aphukile bese ewalungisa ndawonye . Yilapho eqala ukuhlangana ndawonye, ​​akhule, futhi aphole. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa into ebizwa ngokuthi i-internal fixation . Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka izingcezu zensimbi ethanjeni lakho bese elibamba endaweni yalo kuze kube yilapho ithambo liphola. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-internal fixation:

• Izinduku: Induku yensimbi efakwa phakathi kwethambo, kusukela phezulu kuya phansi.
• Amapuleti nezikulufo: Amapuleti ensimbi abekwa phezu kwethambo futhi aboshwe ngezikulufo.
• Izikhonkwane nezintambo: Izikhonkwane nezintambo zisetshenziselwa ukubamba ndawonye izingcezu ezincane zamathambo ezinye izinto zokubopha ezingenakukwazi ukuzibamba. Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinduku noma amapuleti.

Abanye abantu banezingcezu zensimbi emizimbeni yabo impilo yabo yonke, futhi ngezinye izikhathi bangadinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe ukuze zisuswe.

Ukulungiswa Kwangaphandle

Ungadinga i-external fixation (`External Fixation`) . Lokhu kuvame ukuba yisisombululo sesikhashana. Kwenziwa ukuze kugcinwe i-fracture izinzile kuze kube yilapho ezinye izingozi zakho ziphola. Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka izikulufo ethanjeni ngaphakathi komzimba wakho kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-fracture bese exhuma izikulufo kuhlaka (`i-brace noma i-bracket`) olungaphandle komzimba wakho.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela abahlinzayo batusa lokhu kulungiswa kwangaphandle njengesinyathelo sokuqala ngaphambi kokulungiswa okukhulu kwangaphakathi. Uma unezinye ukulimala okuningi, kungadingeka ulinde isikhashana ukuze umzimba wakho ululame ngokwanele ukuze ukwazi ukubhekana nokulungiswa kwangaphakathi. Kuphinde kusetshenziswe ukuqinisa ithambo ngenkathi ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi komzimba kwehla.

Ukuhlinzwa kokwaphuka kwengxenye yesiguli kuyizinqubo zokulaliswa esibhedlela . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase ukwazi ukuya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi unezinye izinkinga ezibangelwe yingozi ebangele lolu hlobo lokuphuka kwesiguli, cishe kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela uze ululame .

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ingxenye yomzimba wakho lapho ithambo eliphukile likhona izovinjwa khona. Kuye ngokuthi ikuphi, kungadingeka ugqoke i-brace, i-splint, noma i-cast . Lokhu kuzodingeka ngaphambi kokuthi uphinde ubeke isisindo engxenyeni noma uyisebenzise njengoba wenzile ngaphambi kwengozi.

Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni?

Ama-NSAID (Izidakamizwa Ezingezona I-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory), avame ukusetshenziswa njengezinhlungu zobuhlungu, njenge-aspirin noma i-ibuprofen, angabangela ukopha kanye nezinye izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokutshela ukuthi imiphi imithi ongayithatha ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ngalezi zinqubo zokuhlinzwa?

Yebo, ezinye izinkinga zingavela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuphuka kwengxenye. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• I-Acute Compartment Syndrome (ACS): Ukucindezela okwandayo ngaphakathi kwemisipha kungavimba ukugeleza kwegazi ezicutshini. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo ohlala njalo wemisipha kanye nemizwa.
• I-Malunion: Isimo lapho amathambo aphukile engahlangani kahle njengoba ephola.
• Ukungahlanganisi: Isimo lapho amathambo engahlangani khona ngokugcwele noma ngendlela efanele.
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (`i-Osteomyelitis`): Uma uke waba nokuphuka okuvulekile (lapho ithambo lingene khona esikhumbeni), usengozini enkulu yokuthola ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
• Okunye ukulimala kwangaphakathi:Ukuphuka kwemisipha kungalimaza nemisipha, imizwa, imithambo yegazi, imisipha, kanye nemisipha ezungeze ukulimala.

Futhi, kunemiphumela emibi engaba khona yohlobo lwe-'NSAID' olushiwo ngaphambilini lwezinhlungu zobuhlungu:

• Ukopha
• Izilonda zesisu
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Izinkinga zamathumbu

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele ngesikhathi ngilulama?

Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziphele. Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenzile kanye nobukhulu bamathambo aphukile, ungase ukwazi ukuqala ukunyakaza futhi phakathi namasonto ambalwa.

Kodwa-ke, uma ubuhlungu obukhulu obungapheli, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho, uzodinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo ezikhethekile ukuze kukusize uthole amandla futhi uthuthukise ukunyakaza engxenyeni yomzimba elimele. Lokhu kwelashwa kuzoba yingxenye yohlelo lwakho lokululama oluphelele kwezinye izingozi zakho.

Iningi lamathambo aqhekekile athatha cishe unyaka ukuphola . Isikhathi esiqondile esithathayo ukuze ithambo lakho liphole sincike ebunzimeni bokuphuka kwalo nokuthi unazo yini ezinye izinkinga.

Ungase ungakwazi ukuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Isikhathi ozodinga ukuhlala ngaso ungangeni emsebenzini, esikoleni, nakwezinye izinto kuzoncika ekulimaleni okuthile kanye namathambo aphukile onawo. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola udokotela wakho ohlinzayo noma udokotela ngaphambi kokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba uze ululame.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sinciphise izingozi ezinjalo?

Kunzima ukuvimbela ngokuphelele izingozi ezinkulu kangaka. Ngoba izingozi zenzeka ngesikhathi esingazilindele. Kodwa-ke, singenza izinto ezinjengalezi ukunciphisa ingozi yezingozi empilweni yethu yansuku zonke:

• Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo njalo uma uhamba ngezimoto. Gqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma ugibela amabhayisikili nezithuthuthu.
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela efanele lapho udlala imidlalo neminye imisebenzi.
• Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo yakho yokusebenza icocekile futhi ingenazo izinto ezingabangela ukuba ushelele futhi uwe.
• Uma ufinyelela into ephezulu endlini yakho, sebenzisa njalo amathuluzi noma amaladi afanele. Ungalokothi ukhwele ezihlalweni noma ematafuleni ukuze ufinyelele izinto.
• Landela uhlelo lokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca olusiza ekugcineni amathambo enempilo enhle.
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, noma uma othile emndenini wakho ene-osteoporosis, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo.

Lezi yizinto esingazenza. Kodwa khumbula, ukuqhekeka kwezingxenye zomzimba kuvame ukubangelwa izingozi, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukuzivimbela ngokuphelele.

Kufanele uye nini esibhedlela ngokushesha?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi uphukile ingxenye yethambo - noma olunye uqhekeko lwethambo - kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Yiya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba evame ukushukunyiswa.
• Ushintsho ekubukekeni kwengxenye yomzimba noma ukunyakaza kwayo ukusuka lapho yayikhona.
• Ithambo libonakala ngesikhumba.
• Ukuvuvukala.
• Kanye nalezi ezinye izimpawu, kuvela imivimbo emisha.

Ikakhulukazi uma ube sengozini enkulu, hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela

Uma uhlangabezana nesimo esifana nalesi, ungakhohlwa ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Yiliphi ithambo eliphukile?
• Uhlobo luni lokuhlinzwa okuzodingeka ngilwenze?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngihlinzwe kaningi?
• Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?

Ekugcineni, umyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye nawo ekhaya

Ukuphuka kwezingxenye zomzimba kuyizingozi ezinkulu kakhulu . Ukulimala okubangela lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni. Into eyingozi kakhulu ngalokhu kulimala ukuthi asikwazi ukuzilungiselela kusenesikhathi.

Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinga lempumelelo lokuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukwaphuka kwezingxenye zomzimba liphezulu kakhulu . Nakuba ukululama ekulimaleni okukhulu ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala kungaphezu kwamandla, thatha uhambo lwakho lokululama isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, futhi ujabule ngayo yonke intuthuko encane oyenzayo endleleni. Ungalokothi ulahle ithemba. Ngikufisela ukululama okusheshayo!

Ukuphuka kwamathambo , ukwaphuka kwezingxenye, ukuhlinzwa kwamathambo, izingozi, isikhathi sokululama, izinkinga zokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba