Uyakhumbula amabhamuza aphuma emzimbeni wakho wonke lapho unesifo senkukhu useyingane, kanye nokulunywa nokungakhululeki? Abaningi bethu bacabanga ukuthi uma ususindile isifo senkukhu, lesi sifo siyaphela futhi igciwane seliphelile emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa iqiniso lihlukile kancane. Igciwane lenkukhu, noma iVaricella-Zoster Virus, alisuki ngokuphelele emizimbeni yethu. Lihlala lilele, noma kunalokho lilele, ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa iminyaka eminingi. Ngemuva kwalokho, njengoba siguga noma lapho isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka, leli gciwane elifihliwe lingavuka futhi. Yilapho-ke isifo esibuhlungu esibizwa ngokuthi i-herpes zoster (shingles) sivela khona.
Iyini ngempela i-herpes zoster (ama-shingles)?
Kalula nje, i-herpes zoster iwukuqubuka kwesibili kwegciwane le-chickenpox. Kulokhu, akufani ne-chickenpox, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu.
Lesi sifo sivame ukubangela ukusha kwesikhumba, ngokuvamile ngendlela efana nebhendi, ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba. Lobuhlungu bungazwakala njengokusha noma ukushaqeka kukagesi. Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuhlungu bemizwa endaweni efanayo izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka ngemva kokuba ukushaqeka sekupholile (isimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Postherpetic Neuralgia". Lesi esinye sezinkinga eziyingozi kakhulu zalesi sifo.
Cabanga nje, uma ingubo ikhuhla umzimba wakho bese uzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki? Yileyo ndlela lesi simo esiba ngayo. Kwezinye izimo, uma lo monakalo uvela emehlweni, ungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono, futhi uma uvela ezindlebeni, ungaholela ekuphazamisekeni kokuzwa. Ngakho-ke, lesi akusona isifo okufanele sithathwe kalula.
Ake sifunde ngomuthi wokugomela (i-Shingrix) ngalokhu.
Ngenhlanhla, manje sekukhona umuthi wokugomela osebenza kahle kakhulu wokuvikela lesi sifo esibi. Lowo muthi wokugomela ubizwa ngokuthi 'iShingrix'.
- Isebenza kahle kakhulu: Lo mjovo usebenza ngaphezu kuka-90% ekuvimbeleni i-herpes zoster.
- Ukuphepha: Okwamanje kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi isivikelo esihle sinikezwa okungenani iminyaka engu-7 ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma.
- Imithamo emibili: Ukuze uvikeleke ngokuphelele, udinga ukuthola imithamo emibili yalo muthi wokugoma. Imithamo yokuqala kufanele inikezwe kanti eyesibili kufanele inikezwe phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-2 nezi-6 ngemva komthamo wokuqala.
Nakuba kwakukhona omunye umuthi wokugomela obizwa ngokuthi i-`Zostavax`, umuthi wokugomela i-`Shingrix` manje uwumuthi wokugomela onconywa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngenxa yokuthi i-`Shingrix` iwumuthi wokugomela owenziwe kusetshenziswa ingxenye engasebenzi yegciwane, iphephile futhi isebenza kangcono. Odokotela batusa ukuthi uthole umuthi wokugomela i-`Shingrix` noma ngabe wake wathola umuthi wokugomela i-`Zostavax` ngaphambilini.
Ubani obaluleke kakhulu ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela?
Ake sibheke ngokucacile ukuthi lo muthi wokugomela ulungele bani. Ungawuqonda kalula kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Iqembu Labantu | Izincomo Zezokwelapha |
|---|---|
| Abantu abaphilile abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala | Kunconywa kakhulu. Ingozi iyanda njengoba amasosha omzimba ehla ngokwemvelo njengoba iminyaka ikhula. |
| Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-19 ubudala, amasosha omzimba abo abuthakathaka | Kunconywa kakhulu. Ingozi iphezulu kakhulu kulabo abanezifo ezifana nomdlavuza, i-HIV, noma labo abathatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba. |
| Abantu abake baba ne-herpes zoster (ama-shingles) ngaphambilini | Yebo, kuyanconywa. Lesi sifo singaphinde sibuye. Ukugoma kunciphisa kakhulu leyo ngozi. |
| Abantu abangakhumbuli ukuthi babene-chickenpox beseyingane | Yebo, kuyanconywa. Cishe abantu abangu-99% bake baba ne-chickenpox beseyingane (noma ngabe ababonisi zimpawu). Ngakho-ke igciwane lingaba khona emzimbeni. |
Ubani okungafanele athole umuthi wokugomela?
Lo mjovo awufanele wonke umuntu. Kufanele ugweme ukuthola lo mjovo ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Ukungezwani Nomzimba Okukhulu: Uma wake waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis) emgomweni wangaphambilini, njengobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuvuvukala komlomo noma umphimbo, ungawutholi lo mjovo. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma une-allergy kunoma yiziphi izithako ezikumgomo we-Shingrix.
- Isimo sezokwelapha samanje: Uma okwamanje une-herpes zoster, noma uhlushwa esinye isifo esifana nomkhuhlane, linda kuze kube yilapho leso sifo sesiphelile ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugomela.
- Omama abakhulelwe nabancelisayo:Uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa, ungawutholi umjovo ngalesi sikhathi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthola umjovo ngemva kokuyeka ukuncelisa.
- Abantu abangakaze babe ne-chickenpox: Akuvamile kakhulu, uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuqinisekisa ukuthi awukaze utheleleke ngegciwane le-chickenpox (`VZV`), akufanele uthole lo muthi wokugoma, kodwa umuthi wokugoma ovimbela i-chickenpox (`umuthi wokugoma i-chickenpox`).
Iyini imiphumela emibi yomuthi wokugoma? Ingabe kufanele ngesabe?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma, imiphumela emibi emincane ingase ivele ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma we-Shingrix. Kodwa-ke, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Lokhu kuvame ukunyamalala ngokuphelele zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-2-3.
- Ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nobuhlungu endaweni yokujova.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ubuhlungu bemisipha
- Ukuthuthumela nomkhuhlane
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma isicanucanu
Khumbula, le miphumela emibi iyisibonakaliso esihle sokuthi amasosha omzimba wakho ayavuka futhi ajwayele ukulwa namagciwane esikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kungakhululeki kwesikhashana kuncane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokuvikelwa kwesikhathi eside okunikezwa umuthi wokugomela.
Kodwa, qaphela ngalokhu!
Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, ubuthakathaka obukhulu, noma isiyezi ngemuva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela, kungaba uphawu lokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba. Esimweni esinjalo, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ngingazithola yini izimpukane ngisho nangemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela?
I-'Shingrix' iwumuthi wokugoma osebenza kahle kakhulu. Kodwa awusebenzi kahle ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, ngisho nomuntu oye wagonywa unethuba elincane lokuthola i-shingles. Kodwa noma ngabe kunjalo, izimpawu zincane kakhulu. Ingozi yobuhlungu obukhulu kanye nezinkinga zesikhathi eside iphansi kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi uvikelwe umuthi wokugoma noma kunjalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-shingles yisifo esibi nesibuhlungu esibangelwa ukuvuselelwa kwegciwane le-chickenpox kusukela ebuntwaneni.
- Umuthi wokugomela i-Shingrix ungavimbela amacala angaphezu kuka-90% alesi sifo.
- Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, noma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-19 ubudala unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela.
- Lona umuthi wokugomela onemithamo emibili. Kubalulekile ukuthola imithamo yomibili ukuze uvikeleke ngokugcwele.
- Imiphumela emibi ngemva kokugonywa ivame ukuba yesikhashana futhi imnene, kodwa qaphela ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba.
- Ingabe lo muthi wokugomela ulungele wena nokuthi ungawuthola kanjani?Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese wenza isinqumo sokugcina.
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