Uke waba nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu ngokuzumayo, obuhambisana nokuhlanza? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi kumane nje kuyisifo esibuhlungu esiswini noma ubuthi bokudla. Kodwa lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesifo esiyingozi esingavela, ikakhulukazi uma uphuza amanzi angcolile noma udla ukudla okuvela endaweni engahlanzekile. Leso sifo sibizwa ngokuthi i-cholera. Ukuzwa leli gama kukwenza wesabe kancane, kodwa uma ulazi kahle, asikho isizathu sokwesaba. Namuhla, sizokhuluma nge-cholera ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Iyini ngempela i-Cholera?
Kalula nje, ikholera iyisifo esithathelwanayo. Ibangelwa lapho uhlobo lwebhaktheriya olubizwa ngokuthi *i-Vibrio cholerae* lungena emizimbeni yethu. Leli bhaktheriya liya emathunjini ethu bese likhiqiza ubuthi. Kungenxa yalobu buthi ukuthi silahlekelwa uketshezi oluningi emizimbeni yethu futhi sihlushwa uhudo olunzima.
Lesi sifo sohudo sibi kakhulu kangangokuthi uma singelashwa kahle, umzimba ungaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni emahoreni ambalwa bese ushona. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi ikholera iyisifo esingelapheka kakhulu. Into eyinhloko ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngokushesha bese ubuyisela amanzi alahlekile emzimbeni.
Ikholera idluliselwa kanjani?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ukukuqonda. I-Cholera isakazeka ngokudla ukudla noma amanzi angcoliswe yindle yomuntu otheleleke nge-cholera. Isibonelo, uma umuntu otheleleke nge-cholera elungisa ukudla ngaphandle kokugeza izandla zakhe kahle ngemva kokukhipha indle, umuntu okudlayo angatheleleka. Futhi, uma le ndle ingena emithonjeni yethu yamanzi okuphuza, njengamanzi omthombo, wonke umuntu osebenzisa lawo manzi usengozini yokuthola lesi sifo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ikholera ayisabalali ngokuxhumana okuvamile, njengokukhuluma, ukuxhawulana, noma ukuthimula.
Nazi ezinye zezindlela eziyinhloko ikholera edluliselwa ngazo:
- Imithombo yamanzi omphakathi angcolile: Amanzi emithonjeni angcolile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingenazo indle ehlanzekile.
- Ukudla okuthengwa kubathengisi basemgwaqweni: Kunethuba elikhulu lokuthola lesi sifo ngokudla okungaphekiwe noma okungalungiswanga kahle ngaphandle kokuhlanzeka okufanele.
- Imifino eluhlaza: Ingadluliselwa ngamanzi angcolile noma imifino eluhlaza ekhuliswe ngomanyolo.
- Inhlanzi eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe kahle kanye nokudla kwasolwandle: Ikholera ingadluliselwa nangokudla izinhlanzi ebezimanzini angcolile.
- Okusanhlamvu okushiywe ekamelweni lokushisa ngemva kokupheka: Isibonelo, uma into efana nelayisi eliphekiwe ingcoliswa futhi ishiywe ekamelweni lokushisa isikhathi eside kakhulu, amabhaktheriya angakhula.
Ziyini izimpawu zekholera?
Akuwona wonke umuntu othola ikholera ozoba nezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu, kanti abanye bangase babe nalesi sifo ngaphandle kwezimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa uma kuvela izimpawu, zingavela zingakapheli amahora ambalwa noma kuze kube yizinsuku ezi-5 ngemva kokutheleleka.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu ngendlela efanele. Ake sibone lokhu ngokucacile etafuleni.
| Isigaba sezici | Izimpawu ezibonisa |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu eziyinhloko |
|
| Izimpawu Zokuphelelwa Amanzi Emzimbeni |
|
Isexwayiso: Uma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yekholera enzima kungelashwa emahoreni ambalwa, kungaholela ekushaqekeni ngisho nasekufeni. Ngakho-ke ungazinaki lezi zimpawu.
Uma udinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo eba nohudo olukhulu nolunamanzi kanye nokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudla ukudla kwasolwandle okungaphekiwe noma ukuya ezweni lapho ikholera ivame khona, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ikholera ingelapheka kalula, kodwa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungavela ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwekholera ukumanzisa amanzi. Kuye ngobukhulu besifo sohudo, kunikezwa izixazululo zomlomo (njengeJeevani) noma uketshezi olufakwa ngemithambo ukuze kuthathelwe indawo uketshezi olulahlekile.
Ama-antibiotic, abulala amagciwane, awayona ingxenye yokwelashwa okuphuthumayo ezimweni ezincane, kodwa angasiza ekunciphiseni isikhathi sohudo ngesigamu, anciphise ukuphuma kwamagciwane, futhi avimbele ukusabalala kwalesi sifo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi uthathe imithi ethengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela ukuze uqede isifo sohudo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela. Lokhu kungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Ungakugwema kanjani ikholera?
Bathi, “Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha.” Kunjalo nangekholera. Ngokulandela imikhuba elula yokuhlanzeka, singakwazi ukuzivikela ngokuphelele kulesi sifo.
- Ukugoma: Kukhona umuthi wokugoma wekholera ophuzwa ngomlomo obizwa ngokuthi iVaxchora. Uma uhlela ukuya endaweni lapho ikholera ivame khona, ungase ufune ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthola lo muthi wokugoma.
- Imikhuba yokuhlanzeka: Lezi yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.
| Izindlela zokuvimbela ikholera | |
|---|---|
| 💧 Ukuphepha Kwamanzi | |
| Amanzi okuphuza | Phuza amanzi abilisiwe kuphela, amanzi asemabhodleleni, noma amanzi ahlanzwe ngamakhemikhali. |
| Okunye ukusetshenziswa | Sebenzisa amanzi aphephile ukulungisa ukudla noma iziphuzo, ukwenza iqhwa, ukuxubha amazinyo akho, ukugeza ubuso nezandla zakho, ukugeza izitsha, ngisho nokugeza izithelo nemifino. |
| 🍲 Ukuphepha Kokudla | |
| Ukugeza izandla | Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla, ngaphambi kokudla, nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. |
| Ukudla okufanele ukugwenywe | Gwema izithelo nemifino engahlutshiwe, ubisi olungaphekiwe kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi engaphekiwe, kanye nenyama noma ukudla kwasolwandle okuluhlaza noma okungaphekiwe kahle. |
| Ukupheka | Pheka ukudla kahle ngaphambi kokudla. Kungcono ukudla ukudla okuphekiwe kusashisa. |
Izinkinga uma zinzima
Uma ikholera iba yimbi kakhulu, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungabangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
- Amazinga kashukela aphansi egazini (Hypoglycemia): Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, amazinga kashukela egazini angehla ngendlela eyingozi uma zingakwazi ukudla ngenxa yokuhlanza nohudo.
- Amazinga aphansi e-potassium: Uhudo lubangela ukuthi umzimba ulahlekelwe inani elikhulu lamaminerali abalulekile, njenge-potassium. Lokhu kungathinta ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa.
- Ukwehluleka kwezinso: Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu kanye nokushaqeka kungabangela ukuthi izinso zilahlekelwe yigazi nokusebenza kahle, okungaba yingozi empilweni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ikholera iyisifo esibi kodwa esingelapheka kalula esisakazeka ngokudla namanzi angcolile.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko uhudo olusheshayo nolunamanzi kanye nokuhlanza. Ingozi enkulu ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma udle ukudla okuvela endaweni engcolile noma usanda kubuya ohambweni, bona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Ikholera ingavikelwa ngokuphelele ngokuphuza amanzi ahlanzekile naphephile njalo, ukupheka ukudla kahle, nokugeza izandla kahle ngensipho.
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