Lapho abantu abaningi bezwa igama elithi 'i-anemia ' , bacabanga ngokushesha ngokuntuleka kwensimbi . Yingakho bezizwa bekhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, bekhathele, bedidekile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi bengakwazi ukulala. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi kwezinye izimo ze-anemia, kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho? Esikhundleni sokuntuleka kwensimbi, insimbi emaseli egazi 'iyanda'. Lokhu akuzwakali kungavamile? Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo se-anemia esikhethekile, kodwa esingavamile kakhulu, esibizwa ngokuthi i-sideroblastic anemia.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Sideroblastic Anemia?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sibheke igazi lethu. Ngaphakathi kwamaseli abomvu egazini lethu kukhona iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin . Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukubamba umoya-mpilo ofika emaphashini lapho siphefumula bese uwuthwala emzimbeni wonke. Ngakho-ke lo moya-mpilo ubalulekile ukuze wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu aphile.
Manje, ukuze senze le hemoglobin, imizimba yethu idinga ngempela i-'iron' yamaminerali. Ngokuvamile, i-anemia yenzeka lapho umzimba ungenayo i-iron. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukwenza i-hemoglobin.
Kodwa-ke, ku-Sideroblastic Anemia, kwenzeka okuhlukile. Lapha, akukho ukushoda kwensimbi emzimbeni. Eqinisweni, kunensimbi eningi kakhulu! Inkinga ukuthi ngenxa yephutha kwamanye amangqamuzana abomvu egazi akhiqizwa emnkantsheni wethu wamathambo, awakwazi ukusebenzisa le nsimbi ukwenza i-hemoglobin.
Cabanga ngekhishi elinelayisi, amanzi, nosawoti wokupheka ilayisi, kodwa isitofu selayisi siphukile. Khona-ke awukwazi ukupheka ilayisi. Kunjalo-ke. Kulesi sifo, kunensimbi eningi, isithako esidingekayo ukwenza i-hemoglobin. Kodwa ifektri esebenzisa leyo nsimbi ukwenza i-hemoglobin, amangqamuzana ethu egazi abomvu, ayisebenzi kahle. Ngakho insimbi engasetshenziswanga iqala ukuqongelela ngaphakathi kwala maseli egazi abomvu anephutha. Sibiza la maseli angajwayelekile aqongelele insimbi ngale ndlela `(Sideroblasts)`.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zifana kakhulu nezinye izimo ze-anemia, ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi zingadideka kalula. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi lesi sifo sikhula kancane, ungase ungazi nokuthi unaso. Lezi yizimpawu eziyinhloko ongazibona.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubuthakathaka bomzimba nokukhathala | Ukuzizwa uvilapha, ukhathala ngokushesha ngisho nangemisebenzi emincane. |
| Isikhumba esikhanyayo | Ukubukeka okukhanyayo okubonakala uma kunegazi elincane emzimbeni. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | I-asthma ibangelwa ukungatholi inani elidingekayo lomoya-mpilo emzimbeni. |
| Inhliziyo esheshayo (i-Tachycardia) | Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nokucasuka | Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhlala bukhona kanye nokucasuka. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Kwezinye izimo, kungase kube nobuhlungu esifubeni. |
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Sideroblastic Anemia?
Lesi sifo singahlukaniswa kakhulu sibe izinhlobo ezimbili.
1. I-Sideroblastic Anemia Ezuzwe Njengefa
Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu, esihambisana nofuzo. Okusho ukuthi, sidluliselwa enganeni ngezakhi zofuzo ezivela komunye wabazali. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwalesi sifo yi -X-linked Sideroblastic Anemia . Lokhu kubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-hemoglobin. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba uzama ukumunca insimbi eningi ekudleni ukuze kulungiswe ukuntuleka kwe-hemoglobin. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungalimaza izitho zomzimba ezifana nesibindi . Lolu hlobo lokuzalwa luvame ukutholakala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30.
2. Uhlobo lokuqala kamuva (i-Acquired Sideroblastic Anemia)
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi lungelapheka kaningi . Nakuba odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bengayazi imbangela eqondile, kunezici eziningana eziyinhloko ezibangela lesi simo:
- Imithi ethile: Ikakhulukazi eminye imithi enikezwa isifo sofuba.
- Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile: Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile isikhathi eside kuyisici esikhulu esiyingozi.
- Amakhemikhali anobuthi : Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kumakhemikhali athile anobuthi, njenge-lead.
- Ezinye izifo: Lesi simo singabangelwa nezinye izifo ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwamasosha omzimba, izimila, noma izifo ze-metabolic.
Kukhona into okudingeka siyinake kakhulu lapha. Cishe abantu abayi-10% abanalolu hlobo lwesifo (olutholakale kamuva) bangakhula babe umdlavuza wegazi obizwa ngokuthi i-Leukemia. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo ngendlela efanele, ukuthola imbangela, nokuthola ukwelashwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zombili izinhlobo zingaba nesinye isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hemochromatosis , esibangela ukuba insimbi eningi iqongeleleke emzimbeni.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo ngqo?
Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zifana nezinye izimo ze-anemia, kungaba nzima kancane ukuzixilonga. Ngakho -ke kubalulekile ukulalela umzimba wakho. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu sezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, sicela ubone udokotela wakho.
Udokotela uzokubuza ngokucophelela ngezimpawu zakho, akuhlole, bese eyalela ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unalesi simo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele kanye nezifundo zensimbi kubalulekile.
- Ukuskena Kwegazi Okungaphandle: Lapha, isampula yegazi ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini amaseli aqoqana ngensimbi angajwayelekile (ama-Sideroblast) esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Bone Marrow: Kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke kuthathwe isampula encane yomnkantsha wamathambo futhi ihlolwe ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo.
- Ezinye izivivinyo: Uma kudingeka, udokotela angase futhi ancome ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI noma ukuhlolwa kofuzo.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Izindlela zokwelapha zincike ekutheni unesifo sofuzo noma uhlobo olutholakele.
- Ukwelapha Imbangela: Uma une-type oyitholile, isinyathelo sokuqala ukususa imbangela. Isibonelo, uma umuthi ubangela lesi simo, udokotela wakho uzowuyeka lowo muthi bese ekunika omunye. Uma ungumuntu ophuza kakhulu, kuzodingeka uyeke ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele.
- I-Vitamin B6: Izifundo zibonise ukuthi i-vitamin B6, noma i-pyridoxine, ingaba usizo ekwelapheni zombili izinhlobo zalesi simo. Udokotela wakho angase akunike le vithamini njengesithasiselo.
- Ukususa insimbi eningi: Kunemithi enganikezwa ukususa insimbi eningi emzimbeni. I-Deferoxamine inikezwa njengomjovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kanti i-Deferasirox inikezwa njengephilisi. Kodwa-ke, le mithi ingathinta izinso, ngakho-ke kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuseduze kukadokotela.
- Ukumpontshelwa Igazi: Uma umzimba wakho ungasabeli ekwelashweni nge-vitamin B6, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukumpontshelwa igazi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kunezinkinga. Ngokumpontshelwa igazi okuqhubekayo, amazinga ensimbi emzimbeni wakho azokhula, okwandisa ingozi yokulimala kwesibindi.
- Ukufakelwa Umongo Wethambo: Lokhu kuyindlela yokugcina yokwelapha. Kucatshangelwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho kungekho okunye ukwelashwa okuye kwaletha ikhambi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Sideroblastic anemia ayifani ne-anemia evamile. Okwenzeka lapha akukhona ukwehla kwezinga lensimbi ngaphakathi kwamaseli egazi, kodwa ukwanda.
- Ngisho noma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala njalo kanye nokuphaphatheka, ungazinqumeli ukuthi kumane nje kuwukuntuleka kwensimbi.
- Lesi sifo singazalwa naso noma sikhule kamuva ngenxa yezici ezifana notshwala noma imithi ethile.
- Uma unezimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha nakanjani. Ukuzihlola kanye nokuzelapha kungaba yingozi kakhulu.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, njenge-vitamin B6 kanye nemithi yokususa insimbi. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okukulungele.
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