Ingabe kukhona ushintsho lwesikhumba endlebeni yakho? Kungaba umdlavuza wesikhumba (Umdlavuza Wesikhumba Endlebeni). Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe!

Sonke siyakhumbula ukufaka 'i-Sunscreen' ebusweni nasezizandleni zethu uma siphuma elangeni, kodwa ingabe sicabanga kakhulu ngezindlebe zethu? Eqinisweni, indlebe yindawo evezwa ilanga kakhulu, kodwa siyakhohlwa kakhulu ngayo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngomdlavuza wesikhumba owenzeka endlebeni, okungukuthi `(Umdlavuza Wesikhumba Endlebeni)`. Nakuba lesi kuyisihloko esesabekayo kancane, uma sinolwazi olufanele, singazivikela kulesi simo futhi sisiqaphele kusenesikhathi.

Uyini umdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni? Kalula nje...

Umdlavuza wesikhumba yilapho amangqamuzana esikhumbeni sakho eqala ukukhula ngendlela engavamile futhi engalawuleki. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, isikhumba sethu sakhiwe ngamangqamuzana amancane. Lawa maseli ahlukana ngokujwayelekile, futhi amangqamuzana amasha akhiqizwa njengoba amangqamuzana amadala efa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi le nqubo iyaphambuka, futhi amangqamuzana aqala ukuhlukana ngokushesha kakhulu. Yilapho umdlavuza uvela khona.

Lokhu kuvame ukuqala engxenyeni yendlebe ebonakala ngaphandle , njenge-earlobe. Nakuba kungase kuqale njengoshintsho oluncane ekuqaleni, uma kungelashwa kahle, la maseli omdlavuza angasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba . Sikubiza ngokuthi `(Metastatic Cancer)`. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu zomdlavuza wendlebe? Siwubona kanjani?

Uphawu oluyinhloko lomdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni ukushintsha kokubukeka kwesikhumba esiveziwe endlebeni yakho. Lezi zinguquko zingase zingabonakali ngokushesha, kodwa qaphela lezi zinto:

• Ingabe kuzwakala sengathi ukubukeka kwebala noma ibala kushintsha ngokuzumayo ?
• Ingabe kukhona ushintsho embala wesikhumba endlebeni yakho? Kungaba nsundu, pink, noma mnyama.
• Ingabe kukhona indawo ehlala iluma noma ephuma igazi endlebeni yakho?
• Ingabe ibukeka njengeqhubu elipinki , elinobuso obuqhekekile, obumahhadlahhadla kancane?
• Uyayibona iqhubu elincane elicwebezelayo noma iqhubu ?
• Unesilonda esingapholi ngemva kwamasonto amane ?
• Ingabe kuvele ibala elisha , njengesibazi esidala, elibukeka liphuzi noma limhlophe ?

Uma ubona into efana nale, kudingeka uqaphele kancane.

Ake sibone izinguquko zesikhumba sisebenzisa umthetho we-ABCDE!

Lo mthetho we-'ABCDE' uyindlela elula esetshenziselwa ukuhlonza izinguquko emabala noma ezinhlungwini zesikhumba. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukubheka izinguquko esikhumbeni noma kuphi emzimbeni, hhayi ezindlebeni kuphela.

• A - Ukungalingani: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ibala noma isilonda akufani. Uma usisika phakathi, kubonakala sengathi izinhlangothi ezimbili azifani.
• B - Umngcele: Ingabe umngcele wendawo awucacile? Ingabe ubukeka ufiphele noma unwebekile?
• C - Umbala: Ingabe ibala linemibala eminingi esikhundleni sodwa? (isb. onsundu, omnyama, obomvu, omhlophe)
• D - Ububanzi: Ingabe ibala likhulu kunosayizi we-eraser yepensela (cishe amamilimitha ayi-6)?
• E - Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo (ukushintsha/ukungahlali endaweni efanayo): Ingabe indawo iba nkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi? Ingabe iyashintsha isimo, umbala, noma usayizi?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ze-'ABCDE' endaweni noma enxebeni endlebeni yakho, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela bese uyihlola.

Kungani sithola umdlavuza wesikhumba ezindlebeni zethu? Ziyini izimbangela?

Imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu yomdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emisebeni ye-ultraviolet eyingozi (ukukhanya kwe-UV) evela elangeni . Cabanga ukuthi izindlebe zethu zichayeka kangakanani elangeni uma siphuma elangeni. Le misebe ye-'UV' ingalimaza i-'DNA' emaseli ethu esikhumba. Lapho le 'DNA' yonakele, amaseli aqala ukuziphatha ngendlela engavamile, ngendlela 'embi'. La maseli alimele ahlukana ngokushesha futhi ahlangane ukuze akhe 'inqwaba yamaseli omdlavuza'.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, ukuthintana okuqhubekayo namakhemikhali athile (isib. i-tar, izinto ezisekelwe kumalahle) nakho kungabangela umdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni.

Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni?

Ikhanda lethu, ubuso, nezindlebe zethu zivezwa ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi kunezinye izingxenye zomzimba wethu. Ngakho-ke, ingozi yokuthi amangqamuzana esikhumba onakale ngemisebe ye-UV iphakeme. Ikakhulukazi uma ushiswe yilanga noma unamaqhubu, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba iphakeme nakakhulu .

Kunezinye izici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni:

Izici zomzimba:

• Izinwele zinombala wegolide noma obomvu , isikhumba simhlophe noma kukhona amabala , kanti amehlo anombala okhanyayo .
• Ukuba namaqhubu amaningi noma amabala angakhekile kahle emzimbeni.
• Ukuba nomkhuba wokushiswa yilanga kalula kanye/noma ukushiswa yilanga ngaphambilini.

Umlando womndeni kanye nowezokwelapha:

• Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nomdlavuza wesikhumba .
• Uma uke wafakelwa isitho somzimba .
• Uma ubulokhu uthola ukwelashwa ngokukhanya kwe-UV kwezimo ezifana ne-eczema noma i-psoriasis.
• Uma unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Actinic Keratosis' (amabala aqinile, anamabala, apinki amnyama noma ansundu avela esikhumbeni ngaphambi komdlavuza).
• Uma uthatha imithi ebuthakathaka amasosha omzimba .

Indlela Yokuphila:

• Umuntu ovame ukuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle elangeni . Isibonelo, umlimi osebenza emasimini, umuntu osebenza emgwaqweni, umuntu odlala imidlalo ngaphandle, noma umuntu othanda nje ukuthamela ilanga.
• Uma uhlala endaweni enelanga noma ephakeme kakhulu .
• Uma ushintsha umbala ube mnyama ngaphandle noma usebenzisa imibhede yokushisisa .

Uma la maphuzu esebenza kuwe, kungcono uqaphele kancane.

Udokotela uwuthola kanjani umdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni?

Uma usola ukuthi unomdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni yakho, nansi indlela abazowuxilonga ngayo uma ubona udokotela:

1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba:Okokuqala, udokotela uzohlola ngokucophelela ingaphandle lendlebe yakho ukuze athole izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba. Bazokubuza nganoma yiziphi izinguquko zakamuva esikhumbeni endlebeni yakho.

2. I-Biopsy: Uma udokotela esola ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona, uzokwenza i-biopsy. Lokhu kusho ukuthatha isikhumba esincane endaweni ebonakala ingajwayelekile bese usithumela elabhorethri. Lapho, udokotela wezifo uzosibheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

3. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Uma i-biopsy iqinisekisa umdlavuza, udokotela wakho angase akucele i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) noma i-CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) ukuze abone ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwezithombe kusiza ekunqumeni isigaba somdlavuza futhi kusize ekwakheni uhlelo lokwelashwa.

Khumbula, uma ubona indawo noma isilonda esingavamile endlebeni yakho nganoma yisiphi isizathu, ungasinaki. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha umdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngenkathi ulondoloza izicubu eziningi ezinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka . Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokwakha uhlelo lokwelapha olusekelwe esigabeni somdlavuza wakho (izigaba 0 kuya ku-IV). Uma isigaba somdlavuza siphezulu, kulapho amathuba okusabalala kwaso enyuka khona.

Uma kwenzeka umdlavuza wesikhumba osesigabeni sokuqala (`sesigaba esiphansi`), ngezinye izikhathi ungasuswa ngokuphelele nge-"biopsy". Kunezinye izindlela eziningana ezisetshenziswayo ukususa umdlavuza wesikhumba:

• Ukuhlinzwa okuhlinzayo: Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa i-scalpel ebukhali noma i-razor ukusika indawo enomdlavuza kanye nendawo encane yesikhumba esinempilo esizungezile. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amangqamuzana omdlavuza asusiwe.
• Ukuhlanza kanye nokukhipha ama-electrode: Kule ndlela, kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elibukhali, eliyindilinga ukukhuhla umdlavuza. Bese, kusetshenziswa inalithi kagesi ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs: Ekuhlinzeni kwe-Mohs, udokotela uqala ngokususa izingxenye ezibonakalayo neziphakanyisiwe zomdlavuza bese ezibuka ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Bese, amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele asuswa ungqimba nongqimba. Lokhu kwenziwa kuze kube yilapho kungasabonakali amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kuvumela isikhumba esinempilo ngangokunokwenzeka ukuthi sisindiswe.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa?

Yebo, ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa, kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa umdlavuza wesikhumba sendlebe. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ukunikeza imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelapha nge-Cryotherapy: Ukusebenzisa umkhuhlane omkhulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy:Ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Photodynamic: Ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza kusetshenziswa umuthi okhethekile nokukhanya.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ingabe umdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni ungasakazekela ebuchosheni?

Yebo, kungenzeka. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uma umdlavuza wesikhumba sendlebe ungatholakali futhi ungaphathwa kahle, ungakhula futhi usakazeke. Uma amangqamuzana omdlavuza engena egazini noma ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic, angahamba aye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ngisho nasebuchosheni . Yingakho ukutholakala nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kangaka.

Ingabe umdlavuza wesikhumba wendlebe ungalapheka ngokuphelele?

Yebo, nakanjani! Ikakhulukazi uma umdlavuza wesikhumba wendlebe utholakala esiteji sokuqala, okungukuthi, 'esigabeni esiphansi', amathuba okwelashwa aphumelele aphezulu kakhulu . Ezimweni eziningi, ungelapheka ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma umdlavuza ususakazeke, impumelelo yokwelashwa incike ekutheni ususakazeke kuphi nokuthi usakazeke kangakanani.

Ungawuvimbela kanjani umdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni?

Bathi, “Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha.” Ngakho-ke kunezinto ezimbalwa esingazenza ukuvimbela umdlavuza wesikhumba sendlebe:

1. Ungakhohlwa i-sunscreen: Ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-spectrum ebanzi kunganciphisa kakhulu umonakalo obangelwa imisebe ye-UV. Kodwa abantu abaningi bayakhohlwa ukufaka i-sunscreen ebusweni babo nasezandleni zabo, nasezindlebeni zabo. Faka i-sunscreen nasezindlebeni zakho . Ungakhohlwa ukufaka i-sunscreen njalo uma uphuma ngaphandle, ngisho nangosuku olunamafu.

2. Gwema imisebe ye-`UV`: Hlala endaweni enomthunzi omuhle noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Ungahlali elangeni ngokungadingekile. Yeka ukushiswa kwesikhumba nokusebenzisa 'imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba' ngokuphelele. Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa into efana nesigqoko noma isambulela esinompheme obanzi.

3. Hlola izindlebe zakho njalo: Isikhumba ezindlebeni zakho kunzima ukusibona sodwa. Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa ikhamera yocingo lwakho noma ucele othile ekhaya ukuthi ahlole isikhumba sangaphandle sezindlebe zakho njalo . Uma ubona noma yiziphi izindawo ezintsha noma izinguquko, ziqaphele.

Uhlobo luni lwethemba ongaba nalo uma uphila nomdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umphumela womdlavuza wesikhumba muhle kakhulu uma utholakala kusenesikhathi . Umdlavuza wesikhumba omningi ungelapheka uma utholakala ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza usakazeke.

Kodwa-ke, i-melanoma uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluyingozi kakhulu . Uma une-melanoma yendlebe, amazinga okusinda kweminyaka emihlanu alandelayo:

• Uma umdlavuza utholakala ngaphambi kokuba usakazekele kuma-lymph node, cishe ungelapheka ngo-99% .
• Cishe ama- 66% amacala asakazekele kuma-lymph node aseduze.
• Cishe ama -27% asakazekele kuma -lymph node akude nakwezinye izitho zomzimba.

Ungakhathazeki ngalezi zibalo. Lezi zimane nje ziyizilinganiso. Isimo sawo wonke umuntu sihlukile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela uma usola ukuthi unesifo somdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni yakho?

Kungcono ukubona udokotela wesikhumba okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlole isikhumba somzimba wakho wonke . Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unenkinga ngesikhumba ezindlebeni zakho, ikakhulukazi uma ubona noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela noma udokotela wesikhumba:

• Uma isikhumba sakho noma ama-moles akhona, njenge-moles noma ama-warts, eshintsha ngobukhulu, ngesimo, noma umbala .
• Uma uneqhubu noma ibala elisha esikhumbeni sakho.
• Uma kukhona inxeba elingapholi .
• Uma ubona amabala angavamile esikhumbeni sakho.
• Uma kukhona izindawo ezilumayo noma eziphuma igazi .

Ungalindi uthi, "Sizobonana kamuva." Ngisho noma kubonakala kuyinto encane, kungaba ukuqala kwento engathi sína.

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza, unemibuzo eminingi. Lokho kujwayelekile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo zonke lezi zinto. Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza:

• Uhlobo luni lomdlavuza wesikhumba enginalo endlebeni yami?
• Umdlavuza ukusiphi isigaba? `(Umdlavuza wesikhumba ukusiphi isigaba?)`
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe?
• Uhlela ukwelapha kanjani umdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni yami?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yalokho kwelashwa?
• Ngizozizwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
• Iyini i-prognosis yomdlavuza wesikhumba endlebeni yami?
• Ingabe nginengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola umdlavuza wesikhumba owengeziwe?
• Kudingeka ngibuye isikhathi esingakanani ukuze ngihlolwe ngokulandelayo?

Le mibuzo izokusiza ukususa ukwesaba nokungabaza engqondweni yakho.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba ezingakhula endlebeni?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zomdlavuza wesikhumba ezingakhula endlebeni:

1. I-basal cell carcinoma: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluvame kakhulu. Ngokuvamile lusakazeka ngokushesha futhi luyelapheka kakhulu uma lutholakala kusenesikhathi.

2. I-Squamous cell carcinoma: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu olutholakala endlebeni yangaphandle. Luyelapheka futhi uma lutholakala kusenesikhathi.

3. I-Melanoma: Lokhu akuvamile kangako kunezinye izinhlobo ezimbili, kodwaI-Melanoma ibhekwa njengohlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluyingozi kakhulu ngoba inethuba elikhulu lokusabalala ngale kwesikhumba iye kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, kungaba nzima kancane ukuyelapha nokuyelapha.

Uvame kangakanani umdlavuza wesikhumba sendlebe?

Uma uthatha umdlavuza wesikhumba oyi-100, cishe oyisi-6 kuya ku-10 wawo uzoba umdlavuza wendlebe. Lokho kusho ukuthi phakathi kuka-6% no-10% wawo wonke umdlavuza wesikhumba . Sekukonke, umdlavuza wesikhumba uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame ukutholakala emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.

Njengoba izindlebe zethu zichayeka kalula emisebeni ye-'UV' eyingozi evela elangeni, zisengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba. Ngakho-ke, hlola isikhumba sakho njalo, ikakhulukazi izindlebe zakho. Uma ubona noma yini engavamile esikhumbeni sezindlebe zakho, bona udokotela. Uma ungabaza, kungcono ukuyihlola. Uma usheshe uthole umdlavuza wesikhumba wezindlebe, kuba ngcono umphumela.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, nansi eminye yemibono okufanele uyikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Izindlebe zakho nazo ziyingxenye yesikhumba sakho! Ngakho-ke ungakhohlwa ukuvikela izindlebe zakho nge-sunscreen uma uphuma elangeni.
• Uma ubona noma yini esikhumbeni sendlebe yakho, njengebala elisha, iqhubu, isilonda esingapholi, ukushintsha kombala, ukulunywa, noma ukopha , ungakushayi indiva.
• Sebenzisa umthetho we-ABCDE ukuze unake izinguquko emabala esikhumba.
• Uma kutholakala kusenesikhathi, iningi lomdlavuza wesikhumba wendlebe lingelapheka ngokuphelele.
• Ungesabi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha noma nini lapho ungabaza.

Nakekela isikhumba sakho, ikakhulukazi izindlebe zakho. Hlala uphilile!

Umdlavuza wesikhumba , umdlavuza wendlebe, ukukhanya kwelanga, imisebe ye-UV, ukuvikelwa kwesikhumba, i-dermatology, i-melanoma