Sonke sifuna ukuba nesikhumba esinempilo nesihle. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi siyadangala ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana nesikhumba esomile, ama-acne, kanye nomuzwa wokuthi isikhumba sethu siguga ngokushesha. Kodwa empeleni, uma sinakekela isikhumba sethu kahle, singalawula eziningi zalezi zinkinga. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngezinye zezinto eziyisisekelo okudingeka uzazi ukuze ugcine isikhumba sakho siphilile futhi sihle.
Ingabe ipasi lakho lomile? Ake sibone ukuthi singenzani.
Isikhumba esomile siyinto evamile kakhulu phakathi kwethu. Kalula nje, isikhumba esomile yilapho isikhumba silahlekelwa umswakama bese siba namaqhubu futhi sibe lukhuni. Ngezinye izikhathi singase silume. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu emilenzeni, ezingalweni, nasemaceleni esisu.
Kungani isikhumba somile?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zalokhu:
- Indawo: Isikhumba esomile sivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo nesomile, okusho ukuthi lapho umoya ungenamswakama kakhulu. Ezweni lakithi, ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni nakho kuyimbangela yesikhumba esomile.
- Amathonya ezakhi zofuzo: Kwabanye abantu, lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka emndenini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma abazali bakho benayo, nawe ungase ube namathuba amancane okuba nayo.
- Ukuguga: Njengoba siguga, isikhumba sethu siyasoma ngenxa yezinguquko zemvelo ezenzeka esikhumbeni sethu.
- Eminye imikhuba, njengokugeza emanzini ashisayo kakhulu nokusebenzisa insipho eqinile, ingawomisa ungqimba lwamafutha emvelo esikhumbeni.
Kudingeka sinakekele kahle isikhumba esomile, ngoba uma singasinaki, singaphenduka ngisho ne-dermatitis noma i-eczema, isimo sesikhumba esibangela ukuvuvukala nokubomvu kwesikhumba.
Ngakho ake sibheke izinto ezilula ongazenza uma unesikhumba esomile.
| Okufanele ukwenze | Okungafanele ukwenze |
|---|---|
| Geza ngamanzi afudumele. | Gwema ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo kakhulu. |
| Geza isikhashana, cishe imizuzu emi-5-10. | Ungahlali emanzini isikhathi eside kakhulu. |
| Uma usuqedile ukugeza, yomisa umzimba wakho bese ufaka i-moisturizer enhle esikhumbeni esimanzi. | Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho umzimba wakho womile ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokufaka i-moisturizer. |
| Sebenzisa insipho yokuthambisa isikhumba. | Gwema insipho eqinile nephunga elibi. |
Khumbula, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha i-moisturizer enhle efanela isikhumba sakho. Ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese uthola iseluleko.
Kuthiwani uma kungesona isikhumba esomile nje kuphela?
Uma uke wazama lezi zinto futhi isikhumba sakho singazizwa somile futhi singaqhekeki, kungaba yinto engathi sína kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi kungaba yisimo esifana ne-dermatitis, njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa eziyinhloko:
- I-seborrheic dermatitis: Isimo lapho izindawo ezinezindlala eziningi zamafutha, njengesikhumba sekhanda, amashiya, nekhala, ziba bomvu, ziqhekeke, futhi zilume kancane. I-Dandruff uhlobo oluthambile lwalesi simo.
- I-allergic contact dermatitis: Isimo esenzeka lapho isikhumba sithinta into esinayo (isib. insipho ethile, ubucwebe bokwenziwa, izitshalo ezithile). Izintende zezandla kanye naphakathi kweminwe kungase kube bomvu, kube namaxolo, futhi kuvele amabhamuza agcwele amanzi.
- I-Atopic dermatitis: Lesi yisimo sesikhathi eside esivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni futhi singadluliselwa njengefa. Isikhumba ebusweni nasemzimbeni siba some kakhulu futhi silume.
- Unyawo Lomdlali: Lokhu ukutheleleka kwesikhunta okubangela ukuthi isikhumba esisezinyaweni, ezinhlangothini zezinyawo, naphakathi kwezinzwane some futhi sibe namaqhubu.
Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kungcono ukubona udokotela bese uthola ukwelashwa okufanele ngaphandle kokuveza imizwa yakho nje.
Ungasinakekela kanjani isikhumba sakho njengoba ukhula?
Kuyo yonke impilo yethu, isikhumba sethu sonakaliswa ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet (UV) eyingozi evela elangeni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-photoaging . Kalula nje, "ukuguga kwesikhumba okubangelwa yilanga." Izinguquko ezenzeka esikhumbeni ngenxa yalokho yilezi:
- Isikhumba esiqinile
- Imibimbi
- Umbala wesikhumba ongalingani, amabala kanye nezibazi
- Ukuncipha kokuqina kwesikhumba
- Ukwanda kwezindlala zamafutha
- Ukuvela kwamaqhubu anomdlavuza kanye nalawo angewona umdlavuza
Ukuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhuluUkusebenzisa umuthi omuhle wokuvikela ilanga nokuzivikela elangeni kubalulekile. Futhi, ukubhema kusheshisa ukuguga kwesikhumba. Ngakho-ke, uma ukhathalela impilo yesikhumba sakho, kufanele ugweme ngokuphelele ukubhema. Ukudla ukudla okuhle nokunokulinganisela nakho kuyasiza ekondleni isikhumba nokulungisa umonakalo obangelwe yiso.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezimonyo ezisetshenziswa ukulawula izinguquko zesikhumba ezihambisana nokuguga.
| Uhlobo lokumboza | Kwenzekani kuyo? | Izinto okufanele uzazi |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-retinoids Isibonelo: iTretinoin, i-Adapalene | Ekuqaleni yasungulwa njengendlela yokwelapha induna, le mikhiqizo ikhipha amangqamuzana esikhumba afile, ithuthukise ithoni yesikhumba kanye nokuthungwa, futhi inciphise imigqa emincane. | Kufanele ithathwe ngokwelulekwa udokotela. Imiphumela emibi njengokoma kwesikhumba, ukuxebuka, kanye nokubomvu kungenzeka. Njengoba isikhumba siba nomuzwa welanga lapho sisebenzisa lokhu, kubalulekile ukufaka umuthi wokuvikela ilanga ekuseni. |
| Ama-alpha hydroxy acid (AHAs) Isibonelo: I-Glycolic acid, i-Lactic acid | Kuyasiza ekunciphiseni imigqa emincane, umbala wesikhumba ongalingani, kanye namabala okuguga. Kuyasiza futhi ekunciphiseni izikhala ezinde. | Abanye abantu bangase babe nokucasuka okuncane kwesikhumba. Ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa lokhu, isikhumba sisazwela elangeni, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga ekuseni. |
| I-Beta hydroxy acid (BHA) Isibonelo: i-salicylic acid | Lokhu kususa namaseli esikhumba afile futhi kuthuthukisa ithoni yesikhumba kanye nokuthungwa. Kuhle kakhulu esikhumbeni esinamafutha nesivame ukuba nama-acne. | Itholakala ezihlanzweni eziningi zokugeza ubuso kanye nama-cream futhi iyasiza ekulawuleni induna. |
Yini okufanele uyenze ngesikhumba esivame ukuba nama-acne?
I-acne iyinkinga abantu abaningi ababhekana nayo, ikakhulukazi intsha. Uma uvame ukuba ne-acne, qaphela lezi zinto.
- Khetha isihlanzi esifanele: Sebenzisa isihlanzi esenzelwe ngqo induna. Lezi zivame ukuqukethe i -salicylic acid noma i-benzoyl peroxide okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla, engasiza ekususeni induna.
- Geza ubuso bakho kahle: Ungazihlikihli noma uzihlanze kakhulu izindawo ezivame ukuba namaqhubu. Ukwenza kanjalo kungenza amaqhubu abe mabi kakhulu noma kubangele amanxeba.
- Ungavuli amaqhubu: Leli yiphutha elenziwa abantu abaningi. Ukucindezela noma ukuvula amaqhubu kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka futhi kushiye amanxeba amabi.
- Sebenzisa i-moisturizer efanele: Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi isikhumba esinamafutha, esivame ukuba nama-acne asidingi i-moisturizer, kodwa lokho akulungile. Esikhundleni salokho, khetha i-moisturizer elula engagcobi futhi engakhiqizi i-comedogenic (okusho ukuthi ngeke ivale izikhala zakho).
- Qaphela izimonyo: Ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, uma ugqoka izimonyo, khetha isisekelo esingenawo amafutha, esingenakho ukwakheka kwesikhumba. Izimonyo ezisindayo nezijiyile zingavimba izikhala futhi zenze induna ibe yimbi kakhulu.
Ungenzi lutho oluzokusiza kuphela ekulweni kwakho nezinduna, kodwa kunalokho zikwenze zibe zimbi nakakhulu. Uma izinduna zakho kunzima ukuzilawula, ukubona udokotela wesikhumba kuyisisombululo esingcono kakhulu.
Ukubaluleka kokuvikela isikhumba elangeni
Ilanga yilona elibangela umonakalo omkhulu esikhumbeni sethu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhanya kwelanga kuqukethe imisebe ye-ultraviolet (UV) . Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kule misebe kungabangela imibimbi, amabala, amabala okuguga, ngisho nomdlavuza wesikhumba. Eqinisweni, imbangela eyinhloko yomdlavuza wesikhumba omningi ukuchayeka kakhulu elangeni.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemisebe ye-UV:
1. Imisebe ye-UVB: Lena yimbangela eyinhloko yokushiswa yilanga kanye nokushiswa yilanga.
2. Imisebe ye-UVA: Lezi yizona zimbangela eziyinhloko zokuguga kwesithombe, esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili.
Zombili izinhlobo zihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza wesikhumba, ngakho-ke ukuzivikela elangeni akuyona ihlaya, kuyinto okufanele uyithathe ngokungathi sína.
Landela lawa macebiso ukuze uzivikele elangeni
- Gwema ilanga elinamandla: Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, nciphisa ukuchayeka elangeni elinamandla phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-3 ntambama.
- Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela:Gqoka isigqoko esibanzi, izingubo ezinemikhono emide, kanye nebhulukwe.
- Isikrini sokuvikela ilanga siyadingeka: Faka umuthi wokuvikela ilanga kahle cishe imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuphuma. Phinda ufake umuthi wokuvikela ilanga njalo emahoreni ama-2-3 uma ujuluka noma ubhukuda. Akunandaba ukuthi liyana noma linamafu, yenza umuthi wokuvikela ilanga ube umkhuba wansuku zonke.
- Khetha i-sunscreen efanele: Khetha eyodwa ene-SPF (Sun Protection Factor) engu-30 noma ngaphezulu . Futhi, khetha eyodwa ethi "Broad-Spectrum," enikeza isivikelo emisebeni ye-UVA kanye ne-UVB.
- Gwema imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba: Lezi zishiswa isikhumba ngokwenziwa futhi manje sezihlonzwe njengezibangela umdlavuza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo lwesikhumba sakho (lomile, olunamafutha, noma olujwayelekile), vikela umswakama wesikhumba sakho ngokusebenzisa i-moisturizer enhle nsuku zonke.
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi liyashisa noma lina, sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu njalo uma uphuma ngaphandle. Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuguga kwesikhumba kanye nomdlavuza wesikhumba.
- Khetha imikhiqizo efanela isikhumba sakho. Uma unezinduna, sebenzisa imikhiqizo "engeyona eye-comedogenic".
- Uma unenkinga yesikhumba yesikhathi eside (izinduna ezinkulu, amanxeba angapholi, amabala), qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ofanelekayo ukuze akunike iseluleko kunokuba uzame noma yini ongayicabanga.
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