Wake wazibuza ukuthi lolu hlelo lwamathambo olungaphakathi kwekhanda lakho, ugebhezi, lubaluleke kangakanani? Akuyona nje inqwaba yamathambo. Lufana nenqaba evikela isitho esizwela kakhulu njengobuchopho bethu. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa nezitho zethu eziyinhloko zezinzwa njengamehlo ethu, izindlebe, nekhala nazo zitholakala kulolugebhezi. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe kabanzi ngalesi sakhiwo esimangalisayo.
Uma sizalwa, ugebhezi lwethu alukakhiwa ngokugcwele. Ezinye izingxenye zalo, ikakhulukazi "ama-fontanelles" aphezu kwekhanda lomntwana, athambile kakhulu. Ngokwezokwelapha, siwabiza ngokuthi "ama-fontanelles". Lokhu kuthamba kuvumela ubuchopho bomntwana kanye nogebhezi ukuthi kukhule kahle. Futhi, kunezindawo lapho amathambo ogebhezi exhumana khona. Siwabiza ngokuthi "ama-sutures". Ezinye zalezi zixhumanisi zakhiwa sisebancane, kodwa ezinye zingase zingakhiwa size sibe neminyaka engaba ngu-60 ubudala.
Yiziphi izinzuzo ezinikezwa yizigebengu?
Kalula nje, ugebhezi lwenza imisebenzi emibili eyinhloko.
- Isivikelo: Njengesigqoko esihle, amathambo aqinile ekhanda lethu asebenza ndawonye ukuvikela izitho zethu eziyigugu nezibucayi, njengobuchopho bethu, amehlo nezindlebe, ezingozini zangaphandle.
- Ukuma Nokwakheka: Ubuso nekhanda lethu zithola isimo sazo esiyingqayizivele ngenxa yogebhezi. Futhi, imisipha ebusweni inamathele ogebhezini. Ngakho-ke, lapho simomotheka, sikhuluma, futhi siveza imizwa ehlukahlukene ngobuso bethu, ugebhezi luyisisekelo sakho konke lokho.
Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zekhanda...
Nakuba ukhakhayi lwethu lubukeka njengethambo elilodwa, empeleni lwakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Isikhala sekhanda noma i-neurocranium: Lena yingxenye ezungeze futhi ivikele ubuchopho bethu. Yilokhu esivame ukucabanga ngakho uma sithi "ugebhezi".
2. Uhlaka lobuso noma i-viscerocranium: Njengoba igama lisho, le ngxenye yilapho kwakhiwa khona isakhiwo sobuso bethu. Lawa mathambo asekela izingxenye ezifana namehlo, ikhala, nomlomo.
Manje ake sibheke amathambo kulezi zingxenye ezimbili ngokwehlukana. Nakuba la magama engase abonakale eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kulula kakhulu ukuwaqonda uma usuwazi ukuthi akuphi.
Amathambo egumbi lomgogodla
Le ngxenye iyisivikelo esiyinhloko esizungeze ubuchopho.
| Igama Lethambo | Kalula nje, kuphi? |
|---|---|
| Ithambo langaphambili | Leli yithambo elilodwa elakha ibunzi lakho. |
| Ithambo le-sphenoid | Itholakala ngezansi naphambi kobuchopho, kodwa ngemuva kwamathambo obuso. Iphinde isize ekwakheni ingxenye engaphansi kweso lakho. |
| Ithambo le-Ethmoid | Lokhu kutholakala ngaphansi kobuchopho, ngaphambili, kugcwalisa isikhala esingenalutho ekhanda. |
| Amathambo esikhashana | Lawa mathambo amabili atholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zekhanda, lapho kukhona khona izindlebe. Izimbobo eziholela ezindlebeni zitholakala kula mathambo. |
| Amathambo e-parietal | La mathambo amabili ayahlangana ukuze akhe ingxenye ephezulu, ephakathi nendawo kanye nengxenye ephezulu ngemuva kwekhanda. |
| Ithambo le-occipital | Leli yithambo elilodwa ngemuva, phansi kwekhanda. |
Amathambo ohlaka lobuso
La mathambo ndawonye anika ubuso bethu ukuma nokusekela.
| Igama Lethambo | Kalula nje, kuphi? |
|---|---|
| Amathambo empumulo | Ibhuloho lekhala lakho lakhiwe ngala mathambo. |
| Ukuhlanza | Lokhu kufana nephansi lesikhala sekhala ngemuva kwekhala. |
| Amathambo e-Lacrimal | La mathambo akha ingxenye engaphakathi, ephakathi, nengezansi yeso. |
| Amathambo ePalatine | Ingxenye encane yohlangothi lwangaphakathi lweso. |
| Amathambo e-Zygomatic | Lawa ngamathambo ezihlathi zakho. Futhi akha unqenqema olungaphandle, olungezansi lweso lakho. |
| I-Maxilla | Leli thambo elilodwa lakha umhlathi wakho ongaphezulu kanye nengxenye ephakathi yezihlathi zakho. |
| I-Mandible | Lona umhlathi wakho ongezansi. Lona kuphela ithambo elihambayo ekhanda lakho . Leli yithambo elihambayo uma udla futhi ukhuluma. |
Izifo nezimo ezivamile ezithinta ugebhezi
Kunezifo eziningi nezimo ezingathinta ugebhezi lwethu. Ezinye zizalwa nazo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sizalwa nalezo zimo.
Ezinye izibonelo zezimo zokuzalwa yi-'Anencephaly', 'Apert syndrome', 'Craniosynostosis', 'Encephalocele' kanye ne-'Microcephaly'. Lezi zivame ukutholakala odokotela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
Futhi, kunezimo nezingozi ezingavela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi empilweni.
- Izinkinga zamalunga e-temporomandibular
- Izimila zomhlathi kanye nomdlavuza
- Ukulimala emhlathini, isibonelo, umhlathi ophukile noma ophumile
- Ukuphuka kwekhanda kanye nokulimala kobuchopho okuhlobene nakho (ii-TBI)
Ziyini izimpawu zenkinga yogebhezi?
Izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi inkinga isekhanda.
Ezimweni zokuzalwa, izinguquko ekubukekeni kogebhezi noma kobuso yizona ezibonakala kakhulu.
Ezimweni ezilandelayo, izimpawu ezinjalo zingabonakala:
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvamile
- Umsindo "wokuchofoza" noma ubuhlungu esihlanganisini somhlathi lapho uvula noma uvala umlomo
- Uma ubuchopho buthintekile, izimo ezifana nokudideka noma i-coma zingase zibe khona.
- Ukuphuka, ikakhulukazi eduze kwamehlo (lokhu kungaba uphawu olubalulekile lokuphuka kwekhanda)
Ukuhlolwa kokuthola izinkinga ezinjalo
Ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuxilonga izinkinga zekhanda.
- Ama-X-ray, kufaka phakathi ama-X-ray amazinyo
- Ukuskena kwe-CT
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI `(MRI)`
Uma kukhona ukusolakala kwesimo sokuzalwa, odokotela bangase bakuthumelele ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okukulungele ngokusekelwe ezimpawini kanye nesimo sakho.
Siyinakekela kanjani i-skull yethu?
Into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukuvikela lolu gebhezi oluyigugu oluvikela ubuchopho bethu ekulimaleni.
- Gqoka amabhande esihlalo njalo uma uhamba ngezimoto. Kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukulimala ekhanda engozini yemoto.
- Gqoka izigqoko zokuzivikela kanye nezinye izimpahla zokuzivikela. Ukugqoka isigqoko kubalulekile uma ugibela amabhayisikili, izithuthuthu, kanye neminye imisebenzi.
- Bonana nodokotela wamazinyo njalo. Njengoba amazinyo nomhlathi kuxhumene ngqo nogebhezi, noma yiziphi izinkinga ngamazinyo noma umhlathi zingatholakala ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi kakhulu.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu eziqhubekayo. Uma unenkinga ngesikhumba sakho sekhanda, amehlo, izindlebe, ikhala, noma umlomo osekuphele isikhathi eside, ungayizibi. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesifo esithinta ugebhezi noma ubuchopho. Ngakho-ke bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ugebhezi lwakho aluyona nje inqwaba yamathambo; luyigobolondo elivikelayo lemvelo elivikela ubuchopho bakho nezitho ezinkulu zezinzwa.
- Ugebhezi lwakhiwe ngamathambo amaningi ahlukene axhumene. Ithambo elilodwa kuphela elikwazi ukunyakaza umhlathi ongezansi (i-mandible).
- Noma yikuphi ukulimala ekhanda kufanele kuphathwe ngokungathi sína. Uma ulimale ekhanda, ikakhulukazi uma ungazi lutho noma uhlanza, hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Ukuphepha kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo uma ushayela, isigqoko sokuzivikela uma ugibela ibhayisikili. Lezi zinto ezilula zingasindisa impilo yakho.
- Uma unekhanda elibuhlungu njalo noma ubuhlungu bomhlathi, ungakushayi indiva bese ubona udokotela.
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