I-spleen iyisitho esincane, esilingana nesandla esitholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu sakho, ngaphezu nje kwezimbambo zakho. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngakho, kodwa kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela. Kalula nje, umsebenzi oyinhloko we-spleen ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi alwa nezifo, nokuhlunga amangqamuzana egazi amadala, alimele. Ngakho-ke, uma i-spleen ingakwazi ukwenza le misebenzi kahle, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yengozi noma ukugula, kungaba yingozi empilweni yakho. Yilapho odokotela benquma ukususa i-spleen ngokuhlinzwa (i-spleenectomy).
Kungenzeka yini ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen?
Lo mbuzo kungenzeka ukuthi ufike nakuwe. Yebo, ungakwenza nakanjani. Ngemva kokususwa kwe-spleen, iningi lomsebenzi elawenzayo lithathwa yisibindi sethu nomnkantsha wamathambo. Ngakho-ke, akukho sithiyo kuwe sokuphila impilo evamile, enempilo, negcwele.
Kodwa kukhona into eyodwa. Ubende luyisosha elinamandla elilwa nezifo. Ngakho-ke uma seluphelile, ikhono lemizimba yethu lokulwa nezifo liba buthaka kancane. Ngakho-ke kufanele siqaphele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Lokho kusho ukuthi kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu ngezinto ezifana nokuthola imijovo ngesikhathi kanye nokuqaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka.
Kungani udinga ukususa lesi silwane?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udengezi lungasuswa. Kusukela engozini kuya ekuguleni kwesikhathi eside, kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu. Ake sibheke izizathu eziyinhloko.
| Isizathu | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubende Ophukile | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esivame kakhulu. Cabanga ukuthi ushaywe kanzima ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu sakho, kungaba ngenxa yengozi yemoto, ukuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme, noma ngenkathi udlala imidlalo. Lokhu kungalimaza ubende wakho futhi kubangele ukopha ngaphakathi. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni futhi kudinga ukuhlinzwa okusheshayo. |
| Izinkinga Zegazi | Ubende luyasuswa uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingaphumeleli ezifweni ezithile ezihlobene negazi. Izibonelo zifaka: Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), iPolycythemia Vera, iThalassemia, iSickle Cell Anemia, kanye ne-Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia. |
| Izinhlobo Zomdlavuza | Uma udende lukhula futhi luba buhlungu ngenxa yomdlavuza ofana ne-Hodgkin Lymphoma kanye ne-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, kungase kudingeke lususwe. Udende luphinde lususwe ngezinye izikhathi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic. |
| I-splenomegaly | Uma udengezi lukhuliswe ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo futhi lubangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, udengezi lungasuswa ukuze kutholakale imbangela futhi kulawulwe izimpawu. |
| Izifo | Akuvamile kakhulu, uma kwenzeka into efana nethumba ngaphakathi kwe-spleen, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze lisuswe. |
Yini okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Uma lokhu kuhlinzwa kungeyona into ephuthumayo, kodwa kuhleliwe, uzoba nesikhathi sokulungiselela. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lezi zinto.
- Ukugonywa: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Njengoba ingozi yokuthola izifo iphezulu ngemva kokususwa kwe-spleen, kubalulekile ukuthola imijovo edingekayo yokuvikela kulezo zifo emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ngale ndlela, amasosha omzimba wakho azoba sezingeni eliphezulu lapho kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa.
- Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, ukuyeka ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kungasiza kakhulu amanxeba akho ukuba aphole ngokushesha.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha: Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga, ahlole igazi, ahlole nezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba wakho usesimweni esihle sokuhlinzwa.
- Eminye imiyalelo: Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngokuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlinzwa, nokuthi ngabe udinga ukuyeka okwesikhashana ukuthatha imithi ethile, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Kunezinqubo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa zokususa ubende. Kuzo zombili lezi zinqubo, ufakwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ngakho awuzwa lutho futhi ulele.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparoscopic
Lena yindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu manje. Ibizwa nangokuthi "ukuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole." Esikhundleni sokwenza i-incision enkulu esiswini, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusika okuncane kakhulu okungu-3 noma okungu-4, lapho kufakwa khona ikhamera (i-laparoscope) kanye nezinsimbi zokuhlinza ezibucayi. Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukuhlinzwa ngenkathi ebuka izithombe ezivela kukhamera eskrinini. Kule ndlela, ukusika kuncane, ngakho-ke ubuhlungu buncane, ukululama okusheshayo , kanye nesikhathi esincane esibhedlela.
Ukuhlinzwa Okuvulekile
Uma udevu lukhulu kakhulu noma luphuma igazi ngokungalawuleki, kungaba nzima ukulususa nge-laparoscopic. Yilapho odokotela besebenzisa khona ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile. Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza ukusika okukhulu kancane esiswini.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu uma uhlinzwe nge-laparoscopic, futhi ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa uma uhlinzwe ngokuvulekile. Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuchazela ngokuningiliziwe izinto okudingeka uzinakekele ngenkathi uphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen.
- Ukuthola imijovo efanele: Uzonikezwa uhlelo oluthile lokugoma. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imijovo yokulwa ne-Pneumococcus, i-Meningococcus, i-Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), kanye nomjovo waminyaka yonke womkhuhlane kanye nomjovo we-COVID. Kubalulekile ukuthola le mijovo ngesikhathi.
- Ama-antibiotic: Abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala kanye nalabo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, bangase banikezwe inkambo yansuku zonke yama-antibiotic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze ama-antibiotic aphuthumayo okufanele uwathathe uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane noma ukukhwehlela.
- I-ID Yezokwelapha: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlale uphethe ikhadi noma isongo le-ID yezokwelapha elichaza ukuthi udende lwakho lususiwe. Lokhu kuzoba usizo olukhulu kulabo abakwelaphayo uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo.
- Uma uhamba: Uma uhamba uhambo olude, ikakhulukazi endaweni lapho izifo ezifana nomalaleveva zivame khona, bona udokotela wakho amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba uhambe ukuze uthole iseluleko esidingekayo kanye nemigomo.
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele nokuthi nini lapho kufanele uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha
Kumuntu ongenawo ubende, ngisho nokutheleleka okuncane kungaba kubi ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke qaphela lezi zimpawu. Lezi zaziwa nangokuthi "izimpawu zefulegi elibomvu."
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze! | |
|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane (ngaphezu kuka-101°F / 38.5°C) | Ukuthuthumela ngenxa yokubanda |
| Ukuphuma kobomvu okufana nobomvu esilondeni sokuhlinzwa | Ubomvu nokuvuvukala okuzungeze inxeba |
| Ukukhwehlela nobunzima bokuphefumula | Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza |
| Uma ulunywe yisilwane (ikakhulukazi inja, ikati) | Ubuhlungu obungapheli naphezu kokuthatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu |
I-OPSI (Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infection) iwukutheleleka okukhulu okwenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni uma kungelashwa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke , uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingenhla, ungachithi isikhathi futhi uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Splenectomy iwukuhlinzwa kokususa ubende. Nakuba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, ungaphila impilo egcwele nenempilo ngaphandle kwebende.
- Ngaphandle kwe-spleen, ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa nezifo liyancipha kancane. Ngakho-ke ukuzivikela ezifweni kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
- Thola yonke imijovo enqunywe udokotela wakho ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kokweqa noma yimuphi wayo.
- Uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane, ukubanda, noma ukuvuvukala kwesilonda, ungakuzibi. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze.
- Ngokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo, ungahlala uphephile futhi unempilo.
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