Ucabanga ukuthi uhlelo lwemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu luyinethiwekhi yemigwaqo edolobheni elikhulu? Eminye imigwaqo mikhulu, eminye mincane. Kodwa yonke le migwaqo ixhumene. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma 'ngomgwaqo omkhulu' obaluleke kakhulu ohamba engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba wethu, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwethambo lentamo. Lowo yi-Subclavian Vein.
Iyini i-Subclavian Vein?
Kalula nje, umthambo we-subclavian uwumthambo omkhulu, ojulile othwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo, eligcwele ukungcola lisuka engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba wakho (njengezingalo zakho, ikhanda, nentamo) ulibuyisele enhliziyweni. Sinemithambo emibili yale mithambo ohlangothini ngalunye lwemizimba yethu. Ohlangothini lwesokudla uletha igazi engalweni yesokudla nasemzimbeni ongaphezulu, kanti ohlangothini lwesobunxele uletha igazi ohlangothini lwesokhohlo.
Ukugeleza kwegazi emizimbeni yethu kuyinqubo emangalisayo kakhulu. Kusukela enhliziyweni, igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo lihamba ngemithambo yegazi liye emzimbeni wonke. Ngemva kwalokho igazi linikeza izitho umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezizidingayo, umsebenzi wemithambo yegazi ukuqoqa igazi elibuya nemikhiqizo engcolile bese liyibuyisela enhliziyweni. Ngakho-ke, lo mthambo we-subclavian uyingqophamlando ebaluleke kakhulu kulolo hambo lokubuya.
Cabanga ngakho njengemigwaqo emibili ehambisanayo enezimoto ezihamba ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Umgwaqo owodwa (umthambo we-subclavian) uthwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye engalweni. Omunye umgwaqo (umthambo we-subclavian), ohambisana nawo, uthwala igazi lisuka engalweni libuyele enhliziyweni.
Ikuphi le mithambo?
Yomibili le mithambo itholakala ngaphansi kwethambo lakho lentamo (i-clavicle). Ukuze kube sobala, lo mthambo uqala eduze kwehlombe, phezulu kwesifuba, bese ugoba uye enhliziyweni.
Ukuze uqonde lokhu kalula, ake ucabange ukuthi unophawu olukhulu oludwetshwe esifubeni sakho. Iziqongo ezimbili eziphezulu zalo phawu ziyimithambo emibili ye-subclavian.
- Cabanga ngemigqa emibili (evela ezingalweni) ekugcineni kohlamvu u-'m' njengemithambo ye-axillary .
- Iziqongo ezimbili eziphakama ngaphezu kwaleyo migqa emibili yimithambo ye-subclavian .
- Imigqa emibili egobile evela kulezo ziqongo ezimbili yimithambo ye-brachiocephalic .
- Ekugcineni, lapho zehla khona zisuka maphakathi nohlamvu 'm', le mithambo emibili iyahlangana ukuze yakhe umthambo omkhulu obizwa ngokuthi iSuperior Vena Cava , othwala igazi ngqo enhliziyweni.
Uma kubhekwa ngale ndlela, umthambo we-subclavian ufana nomnyango oya emgwaqweni omkhulu njengoba igazi elivela ezingalweni nasekhanda liya enhliziyweni.
Ukubaluleka komthambo we-subclavian ekwelashweni kwezokwelapha
Ngaphezu kokuthwala igazi, umthambo we-subclavian ubaluleke kakhulu kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- Ukufinyelela Okuphakathi Kwemithambo Yemithambo:Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU), iziguli kudingeka ziqhubeke nokuthola uketshezi noma imithi. Odokotela bazofaka ithubhu elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter ngemithambo ye-subclavian, eduze kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "umugqa ophakathi." Lokhu kunikeza umuthi emthanjeni omkhulu, ngakho-ke umuncwa ngokushesha emzimbeni.
- Izintambo ze-Pacemaker: Ezinye iziguli ezinezinhliziyo ezishaya ngokungajwayelekile zifakelwa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-pacemaker . Ngezinye izikhathi umthambo we-subclavian usetshenziswa ukuhambisa izintambo zale divayisi ziye enhliziyweni.
Kodwa kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu lapho wenza izinto ezinjengalezi. Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezinkinga. Isibonelo, ukopha, ukutheleleka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia) , ukuqhekeka kwegazi emithanjeni (i-Venous Thrombosis) , kanye nomonakalo wamaphaphu (i-Pneumothorax) . Ngakho-ke, odokotela abangochwepheshe kulo mkhakha kuphela abangenza lezi zinto.
Yiziphi izimo ezithinta umthambo we-subclavian?
Kunezimo eziningana ezinkulu zezokwelapha ezingathinta lo mthambo, futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi.
| Isimo | Kalula nje... | Ubani othintayo kanye nezimpawu |
|---|---|---|
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni ojulile, njengomthambo we-subclavian, ovimba umthambo. I-DVT ivame ukwenzeka emilenzeni, kodwa ingenzeka nasemzimbeni ongaphezulu. | Abantu abanemigqa ephakathi basengozini enkulu. Uma leli qhubu legazi liqhuma futhi livimba umthambo emaphashini, kungaholela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-pulmonary embolism . Izimpawu: Ukuvuvukala kwesandla, ubuhlungu noma umuzwa wokusinda esandleni. |
| I-Paget-Schroetter Syndrome | Lolu futhi uhlobo lwe-DVT. Kodwa-ke, luvela ngenxa yokuzikhandla ngokweqile noma ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe. Lubizwa nangokuthi "i-Effort Thrombosis". | Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-15 nengu-45 abadlala imidlalo (isib. ukubhukuda, i-baseball) noma abaphakamisa izinto ezisindayo emsebenzini. Lesi simo singabangelwa ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe, njengokuphakamisa ingalo phezulu. Izimpawu: ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, kanye nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwesandla. |
Ingabe kuyisimo esiphuthumayo?
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, ungakuzibi. Kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha. Ukuthola ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela izinkinga eziyingozi.
Siyigcina kanjani imithambo yethu iphilile?
Kunezinto ezilula esingazenza ukuze sigcine hhayi kuphela umthambo we-subclavian, kodwa nayo yonke eminye imithambo emzimbeni wethu iphilile.
- Yenza ukuhamba kube umkhuba: Zama ukuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezi-5 ngesonto. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wonke.
- Ungahlali endaweni efanayo: Uma uhlala noma ume endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside, vuka uhambehamba okungenani kanye ngehora, okwenza umzimba wakho ushukume kancane.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Yidla ukudla okunempilo okungasiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol kanye nesisindo somzimba.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuphuza inani lamanzi umzimba wakho owadingayo kusiza kakhulu ekujikelezeni kwegazi.
- Ungawushayi indiva ngisho nophawu oluncane: Uma uzizwa ukuvuvukala okungavamile, ubuhlungu, noma isisindo engalweni yakho, emlenzeni, noma kwenye indawo, ungawushayi indiva njengento encane. Bheka udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko. Uma ubona inkinga kusenesikhathi, ungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu ukuthi zivele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umthambo we-subclavian umthambo obaluleke kakhulu otholakala ngaphansi kwethambo lakho lentamo elithwala igazi lisuka emzimbeni ongaphezulu liye enhliziyweni.
- Ngaphezu kokujikeleza kwegazi, isetshenziselwa nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha njengemigqa ephakathi kanye ne-pacemaker.
- I-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) iyisimo esiyingozi. Ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe, ubuhlungu, noma ukuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka engalweni kungaba izimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukuhamba, ukudla kahle, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi) ingavikela impilo yemithambo yakho yonke.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko noma izimpawu ezingavamile emzimbeni wakho, ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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